Wi-Fi control and management devices Master Kit. Router management We go to the control panel via Wi-Fi: from a phone, tablet, laptop
Router management involves setting up the device. The router is a rather complex network equipment with huge functionality, and depending on the operating conditions, one or another control is required.
Configuring the router requires certain knowledge, moreover, before starting the configuration, you need to connect it to a computer and go into the same settings.
If you do not take into account "exotic" methods (for example, via a telnet terminal), then there are only two main configuration methods:
- Or through a special assistant program;
- Or through the built-in web interface of the router.
The first method is more convenient for inexperienced users, as it is designed for almost automatic configuration with minimal human intervention, while the second method provides more fine-grained settings.
Let's start by connecting to a computer.
Connecting the router to a computer
Any router is equipped with a LAN interface (port) designed for wired connection to a computer. Also, any computer has an Ethernet port for the same purposes. We take a network cable patch court, which usually come with a router, and combine the router with a computer through these ports.
Preparing the router for settings
Also, communication can be established through a wireless Wi-Fi network, but not all routers and computers have Wi-Fi modules, besides, the wireless network is less reliable and connection breaks are possible at the most inopportune moment.
Front panel of the router
After turning on the router, you need to pay attention to its indicator lights, usually located on the front panel. Firstly, to make sure that the router is working (suddenly the power supply is burned out), and secondly, to make sure that the firmware is fully loaded into its RAM and the router is ready to go.
Front panel of the router
Further actions depend on how you intend to configure the router - using the assistant software, or on your own through the web interface.
Let's look at the first option first.
Setting up specialized software
Assistant programs are located on CDs that come with the router. Also, if you have Internet access, you can download it from the official website of the manufacturer.
It should be noted right away that not all manufacturers develop such programs!
After installing the program, run it using the shortcut that appears on the desktop. As a rule, the welcome window with the manufacturer's logo opens first, in which you need to start the router settings.
The initial window of the setup program
Further steps depend on the manufacturer, but it all comes down to choosing a provider, entering the necessary passwords and logins specified in the agreement with the provider. In the remaining steps, simply read the messages displayed and agree with them by clicking "Next" or "OK".
Configuration via web interface
But much more preferable, and more professional, is the configuration through the web interface of the router. But to enter the settings menu in this way, you first need to authorize the user, since the router will simply not let uninvited guests into its settings.
The label under the bottom of the router
The IP address of the router is also found there.
User authorization
So, we connected the router to the computer with a patch cord, and turned it on. Next, on the computer, open Internet Explorer, in which we register the network address of the router.
Entering the router settings
Settings Menu Structure
With very rare exceptions, the menu structure is of the same type - either on the left or on top there is a tree of settings items. Many manufacturers also provide help and tips on the selected menu item on the right side of the window. In the center of the window, direct settings are made, that is, managing the router.
Settings menu
It is very good if the menu is in Russian. If it is originally in English, then we are looking for a string like "Language", since the menu can be multilingual, and English is simply set by default. We change it to Russian.
WiFi setup
Everything, then it remains only to carefully read the names of menu items and make settings. For example, we need to set up a Wi-Fi wireless network. We look at the menu names, we need “Wi-Fi”, “Wireless”, “Wireless Network” or something like that.
Consider an example of setting up on a router from Netgear
Wi-Fi setup
Go to the "Settings" menu, then select the "Wireless Network Settings" submenu. A settings window will open, in which we indicate the name of our wireless network, select the channel, mode, transmission speed. If you wish, you can set a password to connect to the network, or leave the entrance free.
The rest of the router is configured in the same way, some of which can be found in the video tutorial:
Today I want to show you an interesting device with which you can control anything via the Internet using the ESP8266 (ESP-01) Wi-Fi module and the ATmega8A microcontroller.
In this bundle, the module acts as a WiFi network controller and web server, and ATmega8A acts as a power node controller, receives a string using a simple protocol from ESP8266 and, having processed it, issues a command to open one or another relay through a shift register 74HC595 and transistor assembly ULN2003.
Device Diagram:
By contacting the specified IP address, by default: 192.168.4.1, you can configure various modes and control the lighting in an apartment or house. The device has a web interface. Firmware for ESP8266 is based on "web dumps" from respected «
PVVX". I just added a couple of three handlers in the file so that when a certain string is received from the web side, a 4-byte string will be sent to the UART interface - the command identifier. There are two such commands for each control channel, this is turn on and turn off. Also, there are two additional commands that can turn on and off all lighting channels at once.
And then, having written a simple web page, I easily control the lighting of the apartment.
The device works as follows:
From the web side: if in a simple way, then when you click on any of the buttons, a script is first called that changes the background of the button and changes the value of the variable from 1 to 0 and vice versa with each click, and then the AJAX handler is called, which is processed by the program in the ESP8266 and sent to the UART code The corresponding to the AJAX command. And already ATmega8A , this line is received and processed.
From the microcontroller side: a string is received, processed, and if the string matches the check string, then the necessary actions are performed. Looks like this like this:
Void send_data() ( static char buff_data=0, rel_data=0; static char x=0; if(string_search("@1A00",rx_buffer)) // LIGHT ON kitchen ( rel_data|=0x81; printf("1CH ON\ r\n"); clear_buffer_rx(); x=0; if(demo<42000 && demo_off==0) demo++; } .................... .................... else if(string_search("@2A00",rx_buffer)) // LIGHT OFF кухня { rel_data&=~0x81; printf("1CH OFF\r\n"); clear_buffer_rx(); x=0; if(demo<42000 && demo_off==0) demo++; } relay_send(rel_data); }
This function compares the incoming string to yuart with a string that executes certain commands. If it matches, then the action is performed.
the yuart parser function is self-made, here is its code:
Char string_search(char *str1,char *str2) ( unsigned char addr=0,x=0,y=0; str1+=0; str2+=0; while(str1!=0) ( addr++; ) while(str1[y ]!=0 && str2[x]!=0) ( if(str1[y] == str2[x]) ( y++; x++; ) else ( if(y The web page does not claim to be a premium, and looks like this: When you press any of the buttons, the lighting turns on! The settings web pages are hidden from the main one and open when you enter links. Below I will list them. If desired, anyone can modify the main page by adding a button or link to it to go to the settings. 192.168.4.1/protect/wifi.htm For questions about updating the firmware, you can. Photo of the mounted device: Attention! The printed circuit boards were designed as universal (for general use) and boards were used from what was already manufactured, this is all due to the reduction of development time and savings in the cost of manufacturing factory boards. Therefore, some nodes are soldered not for the task of lighting control. Yes, the operating system will let you find and connect to nearby networks, but what about add-ons? What if you need to have detailed information on all the Wi-Fi networks around you, need to fix problems with your network, turn your laptop into a portable Wi-Fi hotspot, or stay safe in public hotspots? Windows won't help you with all of this. That's why we've found six apps for you. They do everything Windows can't and more. Five of the six apps are free, while the sixth is not expensive at all. From MetaGeek is an excellent tool for searching and collecting information on Wi-Fi networks in the area where your computer is located. The program is also useful in solving problems with your own Wi-Fi network. For all found Wi-Fi networks, InSSIDer shows the MAC address of the router, the manufacturer of the router (if the program can determine it - usually it can), the channel in use, the SSID or public network name, security type, network speed, and the like. In addition, the program shows the current signal strength of the network. How would you use the program to solve problems with your wireless network? If you see that a nearby network with a strong signal is on the same channel as you, you would change the channel of your network (most routers allow this) to avoid potential conflicts. The program also allows you to identify "dead zones" in your area, where there is no sufficiently reliable Wi-Fi signal. To do this, just walk around your home or office with InSSIDer turned on. In the future, you can either avoid these places or try to rearrange your router. Whether you're looking to fix problems with your network or find Wi-Fi hotspots to connect to, InSSIDer is the program you'll want to download and try out. Price: Free Here's another great program for finding Wi-Fi networks and providing information about them, like how far away they are from you. The radar-like screen shows all nearby hot spots. A separate panel offers detailed information on all found hotspots, including signal strength, network type (for example, 802.11n), router manufacturer, transmission channel, etc. Next to the radar, the panel provides even more detailed information about the network you are currently connected to, including your personal IP address, external IP address, DNS, gateway information, and more. Why use Xirrus Wi-Fi Inspector over MetaGeek InSSIDer? For example, because the simpler and more understandable layout of Wi-Fi Inspector simplifies the presentation of information on hot spots. The program also shows the relative physical distance of you from the hot spot. And, probably, no one will deny the usefulness of the radar itself. However, InSSIDer is better than Xirrus Wi-Fi Inspector in terms of getting more detailed information about surrounding Wi-Fi networks. Price: Free is a wonderful, free program that allows you to turn a Windows 7 computer (the program only works with Windows 7) into a Wi-Fi hotspot, which can then be used by nearby devices - like a smartphone, or colleagues' tablets. Of course, the computer itself, which you would like to convert into a Wi-Fi hotspot, must be connected to the Internet and support Wi-Fi. At the same time, the connection to the Internet does not have to be wired at all (although it does not hurt), because the computer's Wi-Fi card can perform a dual function - on the one hand, it acts as a Wi-Fi receiver, and on the other, as a transmitter. Setting up a hotspot is simple: once connected to the Internet, launch Connectify, give your hotspot a name, and set a password. After that, your computer's Wi-Fi card will start broadcasting a Wi-Fi signal that other devices can connect to. It is worth noting that your computer will work on the Wi-Fi protocol under which it was created. In addition, it will also support older protocols. So, for example, the 802.11n signal will allow you to connect devices with 802.11b/g/n. Setting a password will restrict access to the Internet by strangers. The hotspot signal itself is protected by WPA2-PSK encryption. You can even use Connectify to set up a local network without an external Internet connection. Run the program as a hotspot and nearby devices will be able to connect to its network, even if you don't have Internet access. This can be used, for example, to transfer files within a workgroup or for multiplayer games. It's worth noting that connecting my Mac to a hotspot based on a Windows 7 computer and Connectify caused me problems. However, other computers and devices connected without problems. 1.11. Wi-Fi signal distribution via laptop All possible options for implementing Wi-Fi distribution from a laptop or PC, including how to configure it using standard Windows 10 tools, as well as using specialized programs, cannot be considered within one book, so let's turn to the most popular options that have stood the test of time. Option number 1. Wi-Fi sharing can be done using the command line and the built-in netsh command in Windows 7. Requirements: computer 1 – Internet connection (LAN, WiFi, 3G…), Wi-Fi module, installed Windows 7 and above, and a second computer with built-in Wi-Fi module. In this case, a relatively simple network (ad-hoc mode) in point-to-point mode is not suitable for connecting to devices that do not support ad-hoc networks (for example, a tablet or phone based on Android OS). The use of this network is necessary mainly for data exchange between PCs in the absence of the ability to use an access point. The essence of the method consists in several practical steps. 1. Open Start? Control Panel? Network and Sharing Center? Set up a shared connection or network. 2. Choose: Setting up a computer-to-computer wireless network, press Further. Set the network name and security key in Latin, click Further. 3. Open Start? Control Panel? Network and Sharing Center? Change adapter settings. Select a network with Internet access and go to Properties. Then go to the tab Access and permission command to share. On another computer, we look for the network we created and connect. Option number 2. Distributing a Wi-Fi signal using the command line and the Windows 7 built-in netsh command to connect a computer-device network with Wi-Fi. Requirements: computer 1 – Internet connection (LAN, WiFi, 3G…), presence of a Wi-Fi module, the drivers of which support Virtual Wi-Fi, installed Windows 7 Ultimate or Windows 8 R2, a second PC or (other devices) with the presence of the module . Allows you to connect devices through an access point (Access Point-AP) based on Virtual Wi-Fi software technology. This technology is based on a software access point (Software Access Point - SoftAP), to which you can connect a laptop, phone (supported by OS Android), camera, printer and other devices. 1. Click Start? enter in the search bar cmd? open command prompt as administrator. 2. Enter the following line into the command line: netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid="HomeWi-Fi" key="123qwe123456" keyUsage=persistent, where ssid="Home Wi-Fi" SSID– network identifier (network name), in our example: home wifi; key="123qwe123456"– security key (password), in our example: 1 23qwe123456". Next click Enter. 3. Then we start the network with the command (also enter into the command line) netsh wlan start hostednetwork, after which the newly created HomeWi-Fi network is visible in the list of network connections. In order to provide Internet access to other devices connected to our created network, it is necessary to follow the procedure of step 3 described in the “alternative” option (No. 2). In this option, there is a feature that when you turn off the distributing laptop or go to sleep, you will need to start the network from the command line again. In order not to do this every time, just download this file startWi-Fi. bat and drag it to . Thus, we set up the distribution of Wi-Fi from a laptop to other devices. Option number 3. Using a program for distributing Wi-Fi from a laptop. Requirements: according to method number 2. This option implements the possibility of creating an access point based on the described method No. 2, using only graphical program shells. There are a huge number of programs for distributing Wi-Fi from a laptop or PC in the public domain, so it makes no sense to describe the settings for each. Attention important! It would be useful to purchase an autonomous Wi-Fi access point, which will save the user from many problems with connecting various devices. If the signal strength is insufficient, use an external Wi-Fi antenna with a high gain. Wi-Fi routers: differences and features
Today, the router is one of the most popular devices among Internet users. The market offers a wide range of routers for every taste. Which router is better to choose for home use? It is rather difficult to give an unambiguous answer to this question. Different types of routers, the main factors that you need to pay attention to when choosing a home Wi-Fi modem - all these are important aspects without which the right choice is difficult. 39. Distribution of speeds for uniform steady motion. Laminar film Nevertheless, despite the above and other features that are not mentioned because of their lack of demand, the main feature of turbulent motion is mixing 40. Velocity distribution in a "living" flow section Modern hydrodynamics has succeeded in solving these problems by applying the method of statistical analysis. The main tool of this method is that the researcher goes beyond traditional approaches and applies to 46. Distribution of shear stresses in uniform motion With uniform motion, the head loss over the length lhe is determined: where? is the wetted perimeter, w is the open area, lhe is the length of the flow path, ?, g is the density of the liquid and the acceleration of gravity, ?0 10. Binomial and polynomial distribution laws. Uniprobable distribution. Eccentricity distribution law 1. Binomial distribution law. This law is mathematically expressed by the expansion formula for the binomial (q + p)2 in the following form where n! - read 40. Methods of signal conversion There are three ways of converting in measuring heads.1. The conversion mechanism contains only gear mechanisms.2. The transformation is carried out by lever-tooth-chat, i.e. both methods of attachment are used Distribution of roles Props Plot. Sir Christopher Cockerell proposed a trio of articulated pontoons following the profile of the wave. When the front pontoon, like a float, moves freely up and down, the second swings with a phase shift, and the third? -? remains Spreading Savings Then another problem arose: for a variety of metering reasons (some of them subtle), utilities were no longer making as much profit from electricity savings as they could from increasing Distribution of meteorites in the zodiacal light The phenomenon of zodiacal light is of great interest from the point of view of the distribution of meteorites. As is known, it is associated with the reflection of sunlight from a lenticular cluster of meteoric matter, the center of which 7.3. Embedding information by changing the delay time of the echo signal The same authors proposed a method of embedding information using an echo signal. This method allows you to embed data in the cover signal by changing the parameters of the echo signal. to the echo options, Chapter 7 Resource Allocation This section contains options that are most critical to the stability of your computer. By changing the values of these parameters, you can avoid the so-called device conflicts or, conversely, get them. DMA Clock The option allows 3.7. Control using an old radiotelephone or an unusual use of the base and handset of a radiotelephone in everyday life 2.3. Mobile video cameras for signal transmission over cellular networks 2.3.1. Mobile 3G video camera GC19 Mobile 3G video camera GC19 (Fig. 2.26) allows you to remotely monitor the room in which it is installed. The signal is transmitted over cellular networks. Device The technology of wireless data transmission in local Wi-Fi networks appeared in 1998 thanks to the engineer of the Australian laboratory of radio astronomy CSIRO John O'Sullivan. The first IEEE 802.11n wireless communication protocol standard was approved in 2009. During its development, Wi-Fi technology has gained the widest popularity, primarily due to the absence of the need to use wires when connecting to the network. And if initially Wi-Fi technology was used to connect wearable and handheld computers, then at present this technology has penetrated cameras, household appliances, multimedia devices, and control devices. Wireless sensors of various physical quantities are also widely used - temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. Smart home control and management devices equipped with Wi-Fi modules can perform their functions from anywhere where a local wireless network is available, and if this network has the ability to access the global network through a router - from anywhere, where there is internet. Using his smartphone connected to the Internet (via Wi-Fi or GSM), the user can not only view sites, but also control household appliances located at any distance from him. The standard Wi-Fi network scheme contains at least one access point that forms a wireless network with a known identifier (SSID) and encryption parameters, to which at least one client is connected. An access point can be either a specialized device or a router connected to the global network, equipped with a wireless radio module. Also, for example, a laptop or a smartphone equipped with Wi-Fi modules and connected to the network using a cable or GSM technology, respectively, can act as an access point. In the proposed review, we will consider some modules offered by Master Kit using Wi-Fi wireless technology. Some modules are designed for use in DIY projects, come as a PCB with components and do not have cases, while others are made as complete devices and are designed to be used out of the box. It should be noted that each of the devices in question is a wireless network client, therefore, an access point is required to connect them to the network. You also need to pay attention to which network the device connects to - local or global. Many Wi-Fi devices use portals hosted on the global network to communicate with other such devices and exchange information. This method of communication allows you to simplify the connection, since it does not require a permanent dedicated IP address of the global network and relatively complex network settings such as NAT (“port forwarding”) for outside access to the local network located behind the firewall of the router. For ease of comparison, the main characteristics of the devices are summarized in the table at the end of the review. Our review will begin with Master Kit DIY modules using Wi-Fi technology. The basis of the device is the widely used Wi-Fi module ESP8266. The module is a microcontroller equipped with a wireless interface. It supports IEEE 802.11 b/g/n standards, with WEP and WPA/WPA2 encryption. The module also has 11 user-accessible I/O ports and wired communication interfaces SPI, I2C, I2S, UART and a 10-bit ADC. There are several freely distributed developer kits (SDKs) with a compiler and libraries that allow you to effectively use the capabilities of the ESP8266. All this made it possible to create a modern device for mobile control of various electrical appliances using a smartphone or tablet. As already noted, the module is designed to work in local networks. If you need to use access to the global network, then the following device will help. The MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport) network protocol is a simplified data transfer protocol between devices and runs on top of the TCP / IP protocol. This protocol uses a behavioral messaging design pattern known as "publisher-subscriber", is very easy to use and administer, does not create large loads on communication channels and works well when there are problems in these channels, and also does not impose restrictions on the format of transmitted data. . MQTT is designed for low-power embedded devices, so its implementation requires the minimum processing power that microcontrollers can handle. Thus, the MQTT protocol, along with some other similar protocols, such as MODBUS or RS-485, is an excellent tool for implementing the functions of the Internet of Things - IoT. Remote control of two relays of 2000 W each; Reception and transmission to the network of readings of two DS18B20 temperature sensors connected to it; Reception and transmission of readings from humidity sensors DHT11 or DHT22, analog sensors using the built-in ADC. But, in addition to this, it provides reading data from sensors and controlling the built-in relays via the Internet at any point, there is a connection to the global network. When working in the global network, a free MQTT server is used, by default, but you can use another one. The use of the STM8 microcontroller made it possible to implement a very wide functionality in a small volume. The module is, on the one hand, a complete device for collecting data on consumed household resources, such as water, heat, gas, electricity, and on the other hand, a multifunctional device for monitoring and controlling executive modules and mechanisms. The device collects data from sensors and meters connected to it according to a set schedule and transfers this data to the server for further processing and use. Up to 8 devices can be connected to one device in any combination: Water meters; Gas meters; Electricity meters (when installing an additional CAN or RS-485 interface module); Temperature sensors, for example; Water leakage sensors, for example; Liquid level sensors; Gas leakage sensors; Actuating devices (shut-off and control valves with an electric drive), for example, a ball valve with an electric drive. When using additional built-in RS-485 or CAN interface modules, in addition to the 8 devices listed above in the description, up to 8 Mercury-type electricity meters can be connected to one module. Modules can be combined to increase the number of serviced information collection channels. The device collects data from meters and sensors and, according to the schedule set in the settings, transfers them to a server located in Russia. In normal mode, data is sent once a day with hourly detail. If an emergency situation is detected (the water meter is turned off, a leak occurs, the battery runs out, etc.), the device contacts immediately and informs the owner about it using PUSH or E-MAIL notifications. The server has a personal account for each user. In your personal account, you can specify on what day and hour the server will automatically send monthly readings. Readings can be sent in the following ways: as a PUSH notification, as an E-MAIL, directly to the MOS.RU portal. Forget about the routine of handing over monthly readings! You can also simply view readings and graphs on your mobile phone, tablet or computer using a browser or mobile application for iOS and Android. The module is powered by three alkaline (Alkaline) AA batteries, the battery life is at least 3 years. When the charge level drops below 10%, a PUSH or E-MAIL notification will be sent to the user. The device communicates with the server using an Internet connection through a private or public Wi-Fi network with encryption. Two networks can be used: primary and backup. In the absence of communication, the device collects and stores an hourly log for 1 month, when it is resumed, it transfers data to the server. In any abnormal situation (the device does not communicate, there was a leak, a break in the communication line to the sensor or meter, etc.), the server will send you a PUSH or E-MAIL notification.
192.168.4.1/protect/setup.htm
192.168.4.1/protect/uart.htm
192.168.4.1/protect/upload.htm
Compatibility: Windows XP, Vista and 7 (32-bit and 64-bit)
Download InSSIDer
Compatibility: Windows XP SP2+, Vista and 7
Download Xirrus WiFi Inspector
Managing and configuring Wi-Fi in your home Kashkarov Andrey Petrovich
