How to boot Windows from disk to computer. How to set the BIOS to boot from a disk or USB flash drive
To install almost any operating system from the very beginning, you must configure the computer's input/output system (BIOS) to change the boot priority. You will install the operating system from optical storage media, that is, from (CD/DVD) or from a flash drive, you must set it correctly BIOS settings, believe me, it's not difficult. So, whatever happens in the BIOS, you will have to change it yourself BIOS settings so that when you turn on the computer, an attempt is made to boot from a CD or flash drive, and then from hard drive. If you don't find something in this article, try searching in others.- Acer laptops, Sony, Samsung, MSI, Toshiba, HP, ASUS...
- and how to use it!
- differs from booting from a disk drive on a desktop computer.
- on any computer, laptop, netbook.
- let's think about why we can't boot from a flash drive.
- or how to configure two correctly hard drives IDE on one loop.
- error when loading the computer, how to deal with it.
- How to reset BIOS settings to default.
- if you cannot enter the BIOS itself
When you turn on your computer, the first thing you do is test the hardware for functionality. in simple words it kind of tests itself, this is the so-called procedure (POST), then the baton is passed to a special program (MBR), which selects from which partition on the hard drive to boot operating system, so before this choice we must boot from a CD or from a flash drive, as in our article.
How to enter (BIOS)? If by some miracle you still have instructions for motherboard, then it is definitely written about it, if not, then when you turn on the computer we look at the inscription on the monitor, it may look like this: Press DEL to enter SETUP, that is, in order to enter the (BIOS) you need to while the inscription on the monitor is lit, press the key several times
The inscriptions may be different, there may not even be any inscriptions, this should not confuse you, in most cases these are the F2 or Delete keys, less often F1, even less often
Ami BIOS
Award BIOS
BIOS: Boot from Disk
For many who will do this all for the first time, and do something wrong, it will sound important information, if you have changed parameters that are unfamiliar to you, you need to go to the (Exit) tab, it is located from the (Boot) tab to the right after the (Tools) tab and is underlined in red in the photo. Next, you need to use the arrows on your keyboard to the item Load Setup Defaults, and press Enter, then go to the menu.
Load Setup Defaults will apply the default settings (BIOS), and they will be the same as they were before your experiments, select OK and the settings will be reset to default, remember this.
After all these necessary digressions, let's return to the main topic and the first photo. We need the Boot item, use the arrows on the keyboard to select it, press Enter and then go to the Boot Device Priority item.
The Windows operating system has a lot of tools that are needed to fix possible problems. In particular, it provides a clean boot option, which may sometimes be required to resolve conflicts. installed programs with the operating system, services and component drivers.
What are the differences between Safe Mode and Clean Boot in Windows?
It may seem that a clean boot of Windows is identical safe mode, but that's not true. Depending on the circumstances, you must select the operating system boot option.
If you encounter problems with component drivers (for example, they are damaged), due to which you cannot start your computer in standard mode, should be used secure boot option. In it, the Windows operating system disables all third-party drivers that may interfere with the system boot, and the computer starts on standard software. This ensures that it loads, and the administrator has the opportunity to remove the damaged driver, restore the system, or carry out other work to improve Windows performance.
It works differently. When this operating system starts, the computer loads standard and third-party drivers that are installed. Wherein third party programs and utilities are not loaded. A clean start of Windows may be required, for example, in the following situations:
To resolve some operating errors Windows systems it must be loaded cleanly. This function provided in Microsoft operating systems starting with Windows 7.
How to Clean Boot Windows 10 and Windows 8
On Windows 10 and Windows 8 operating systems, the clean start process is identical. To perform a clean boot you need to do the following:
How to Clean Boot Windows 7
It is easier to clean boot your computer on the Windows 7 operating system than on more modern versions of the operating system. To do this, follow these steps:
- Launch the “Run” line (by pressing Windows + R on the keyboard) and enter the msconfig command in it;
- Next, in the system configuration changes window, select “Selective startup” on the “General” tab and disable the “Load startup items” option.
- Next, go to the “Services” tab, check the “Do not display Microsoft services” checkbox and click “Disable all”.
- Next, click “OK” in the system configuration changes window, after which you can restart the computer.
In order for the Windows operating system to start in normal mode after a “Clean Boot”, you must return all settings to their original state before the changes.
Already recorded bootable USB flash drive, but don’t know how to boot from a flash drive? There is nothing complicated here. Booting Windows from a flash drive is very simple, and all you need to do is go into the BIOS and change one setting.
If you have not yet recorded a licensed digital copy of Windows, I recommend reading – ?
How to configure booting from a flash drive?
If you simply connect the USB flash drive to your PC or laptop and reboot it, Windows installation won't start. After all, to do this you need to enable booting from a flash drive in the BIOS.
This is easy to do. But there is one nuance here. The fact is that Windows download from a flash drive on PCs and laptops is done differently. Firstly, it depends on the BIOS manufacturers. And, secondly, from the laptop brand (Asus, Acer, Samsung, Lenovo, HP, etc.).
Yes, the BIOS menu will always be different, and this can cause difficulties. But below we will look at several examples so that you understand and can independently navigate the BIOS menu (in case you have another option).
So, let's begin. To enter the BIOS, you must immediately press a certain button on the keyboard when you turn on your computer or laptop. Which one? This can be found on the loading screen.
You can find out that you have entered the BIOS by seeing the corresponding menu in front of you. The following options are usually found:
If loading the BIOS failed, then wait until your PC or laptop turns on, reboot it and try again by pressing a different key.
In this case, the “Boot” item was selected, and then “Boot Device Priority” (i.e., device startup priority). As a result, a menu similar to this will open:
As you can see, they are different, but in each case there are the lines we need - First (1st), Second (2nd) and Third (3rd) Boot Device. It indicates which device boots first, which is second and third in turn. As a rule, the first one always goes HDD(HDD), and then the drive (CR-ROM).
When you connect the flash drive, the USB-HDD option will also appear. You need to select the option USB-HDD in the First Boot Device item. Example:
Next, you must save the changes, otherwise you will have to repeat everything all over again. Which save button? This information is written at the bottom of the screen. For example, in the screenshot above: F10 – “Save”, ESC – “Exit”. Save the changes and exit the BIOS. Congratulations, setting up the BIOS to boot from a flash drive is complete.
The computer (or laptop) will automatically reboot, after which the following line will appear:
Press any button and it starts Windows installation.
If you have a BIOS UEFI then everything is as easy as shelling pears
Go to BIOS and you will see something like this:
To configure booting a flash drive into UEFI, we are interested in the “Boot Priority” item. Drag the USB device icon to the top of the list (so that it is first) and exit (the exit button is in the right top corner). When you exit, the system will ask you whether to save the changes. You agree, after which the PC or laptop will reboot.
By the way: it doesn’t matter at all what kind of image you have on a USB flash drive - Windows 7, 8, 10 or XP. This doesn't affect anything. The OS will start loading from the flash drive in any case (provided, of course, that it is recorded correctly).
And finally, one more very important point. When unpacking Windows files will be completed - the computer will reboot.
After this, you need to go into the BIOS again and return the previous device startup priority. That is, put the hard drive (HDD) in first place, and the USB flash drive in last. There shouldn't be any problems with this.
In principle, you don't have to do this. In this case, when the black screen appears, NOTHING don't press.
Otherwise, the Windows installation will boot again and you will install the operating system again.
But when Windows is installed, you still need to go into the BIOS and return the previous device startup priority. Otherwise, the computer (or laptop) will always load data from the flash drive first (provided it is connected).
For those who don’t understand what we’re talking about, I’ll show you everything in pictures:
This is what the boot menu looks like when installing the latest Windows 8 OS.
This is what the menu looks like when installing the latest OS Windows Vista, 7.
Before Windows Vista (Windows 2000, XP), all changes to downloads were made to the file boot.ini. Boot.ini is a system file that contains information about the Windows operating systems installed on your computer. This data is displayed while the computer/laptop is booting. In order to change the boot parameters, just open the boot.ini files with any text editor and make changes.
Starting with the Windows Vista operating system (Windows 7, 8, 10), the boot.ini file has been replaced by the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) file. This file is more versatile than boot.ini and can be used on platforms that use a means other than the BIOS to boot the system.
But how do you make changes to boot options in Windows Vista 7, 8, 10? There are two ways for this provided by Windows developers:
1 With GUI;
2 Using the command line.
Change boot options using GUI in Windows Vista, 7, 8.
To use this method, press the key combination "Win" + "R", In the "Run" line, type msconfig, and press Enter.
It must be said that quite a few settings are available this way, but for most users this will be quite enough. This tool will allow you to:
1) Get information about the current and default boot systems.
2) Edit time (timeout). After this time, the operating system set to boot by default will be loaded without user intervention. To do this, specify the time (in seconds) in the "Timeout" field.
3) Change the default system to boot. To do this, select which system you want to boot by default (without external intervention) and click the "Set as default" button.
4) Remove unnecessary entry from boot menu. Select the entry you want to delete and click the "Delete" button.
All changes will take effect after pressing the "OK" button and rebooting the system.
Change boot options using command line (bcdedit) in Windows Vista, 7, 8.
The bcdedit utility provides more extensive options for changing boot parameters. Bcdedit is a command line tool designed to manage boot configuration data. It can be used for various tasks: Create new vaults, modify existing vaults, add boot menu options and more.
To get to know this command better, launch a command prompt with administrator rights and run the command:
/bcdedit/?
In this article I would like to go into more detail on examples of using the bcdedit command .
Example of using bcdedit.
Before you can start making changes to the Windows boot loader, you first need to create it backup copy. To do this, create a BootBackup folder on any disk and enter command line the following command (the command line must be run as Administrator):
bcdedit /export D:\BootBackup\bcd
If you feel that something went wrong, in order to return everything to its original state, run the BCD restore command:
bcdedit /import D:\BootCopy\bcd
Where is D:\ drive where the BootBackup folder is located.
The next step is to find out basic information about your BCD. To do this, run the command bcdedit.
Where:
identifier– ID of a particular record;
device– shows the partition on which the download files are located (this can be the operating system or the BOOT folder);
osdevice– shows the section on which the system files operating system. Typically, the device and osdevice parameters are equal;
path– if device defined a disk partition that contains operating system files, then this parameter defines the rest of the path to the operating system loader;
default– shows the ID of the operating system that is loaded by default, if the operating system in which the command line was launched is loaded by default, the default parameter is assigned the value (current);
displayorder– shows the order in which records about bootable systems are located;
timeout– timeout (see above), the value is shown and set in seconds;
locale– specifies the language of the boot menu or the advanced boot options menu;
description– shows the name of the operating system displayed in the boot menu.
How to change the default operating system.
Specify the value /default and the ID of the OS that should boot by default.
bcdedit /default (ID)
Now the operating system with the specified ID will boot by default.
How to change the boot delay value
To change the delay before the operating system starts loading, run the following command:
bcdedit /timeout XX
where XX is the number in seconds, the default is 30 seconds.
Removing an entry from the BCD and boot manager done with the command:
bcdedit /delete (ID)
There is a peculiarity in executing the command: if a known record is specified as the ID, for example (ntldr), then the command must be executed with the /f key:
bcdedit /delete (ntldr) /f
If the ID is written in alphanumeric code, the /f key is not needed.
In order to get more detailed information about the capabilities of the bcdedit utility, you must use the help bcdedit/?
The Windows 7 boot loader stops working for many reasons - if boot.ini is damaged or you try to install XP along with the “Seven”, after which the latter does not want to boot. This is because XP is doing a rewrite boot entry MBR Windows 7. Normal recovery Windows boot loader 7 carried out standard means systems. You can use another tool, for example, Bootice.
The easiest way to restore the bootloader
If pressing F8 does not open additional ways launcher and troubleshooter, you will need to use a disk or flash drive Windows recovery 7. From this drive you will need to boot your computer into the recovery environment by clicking on the system recovery link at the bottom of the OS installation window.
- The computer will automatically try to find a solution to the problem, which will notify you in the window that opens.
- If the recovery utility copes with the task, all that remains is to reboot.
If you cannot restore the Windows 7 boot loader after XP, use the startup repair tool, which, along with others, is part of installation disk or flash drives. Usually these simple ways can handle simple MBR startup problems.
Editing boot.ini
Boot.ini is responsible for starting the system by default. If one of the operating systems is installed incorrectly or uninstalled, its non-working entry will be stored in the same boot.ini. It is located at the root of the system partition, so to edit it you need to configure your computer to show hidden files.
Sometimes boot.ini can be corrupted by a virus or some program could have caused it, after which the OS does not start on its own.
The fix is simple - boot from the LiveCD and edit boot.ini using regular notepad. There are only two sections - boot loader, which controls the boot, and operating systems. There are several parameters to remember:
- timeout=10 - time in seconds during which the user can select an OS to start;
- multi(0) and disk(0) are parameters that must have zero values;
- rdisk(0) - number of the disk with the system partition (counting from zero).
In general, boot.ini with one OS should look like in the picture.
Using the command line to restore the MBR sector
You can get into command line mode from the same boot disk or flash drives by opening the system recovery tool and selecting the very last item “Command Prompt”.
- Enter the command Bootrec and then press Enter, it will appear full list opportunities
- Write down the MBR sector, for which there is the command Bootrec.exe /FixMbr;
- After pressing Enter, the computer will notify the user about the successful completion of the operation in the next line;
- Next, carry out the procedure for writing a new boot sector by entering Bootrec.exe /FixBoot;
- All that remains is to enter Exit and try to restart the computer.
- Log in to the command line from the installation disk or flash drive;
- Enter Bootrec /ScanOs, after which the utility will scan the computer for the presence of an operating system;
- Write the command Bootrec.exe /RebuildBcd in the next line, the program will prompt you to add all found ones to the start menu Windows versions, including XP, etc.;
- All you have to do is agree with this by pressing Y and Enter in sequence, after which when loading the system you will have a choice of which OS to load - XP or Seven.
You can also fix the problem with the MBR with one more command. To do this, enter bootsect /NT60 SYS at the command line, then Enter. Enter Exit to exit. This will update the main boot code and your systems will appear in the list at boot time.
In case of serious problems, it may not be possible to restore the MBR using the described methods, so it is worth trying to overwrite the files located in the download storage.
BOOTMGR is missing
The computer usually displays this message on a black screen when the MBR sector is damaged or deleted. The reason may not be related to the MBR, for example, if the BIOS settings on the Boot tab have been reset and the system is trying to boot from the wrong disk. But more often than not, it is the bootloader that is to blame, so we will describe how to restore Windows 7 boot.
The Windows 7 disk always has a small 100 MB reserved hidden section, for recording boot files OS, including damaged BOOTMGR. You can simply copy BOOTMGR from installation media and write it down in this section. For this:
- Open a command prompt from your recovery drive.
- Enter the diskpart and list volume commands in sequence, after which a list of your disks and the letters that the system has assigned to each of them will appear on the screen. We are interested in the 100 MB reserved partition and the optical drive - drives C and F, respectively, as in the picture.
- To exit, type Exit and press Enter.
Enter the installation drive letter followed by a colon and the command to copy the bootmrg bootloader to the reserved partition. It will look like this:
- F: and then Enter;
- copy bootmgr C:\ and press Enter;
- Exit, the utility will exit.
If copying to a hidden partition fails, the boot store can be completely overwritten. Restoring the Windows 7 boot loader is performed with the command bcdboot.exe N:\Windows, where N is the drive letter of the OS. After you are informed that the files were created successfully, you can exit the tool with the Exit command and restart your computer.
- write down the line diskpart in the command line, which calls the utility;
- to display all available physical disks, write list disk;
- is selected required disk command sel disk 0, where 0 is the number of the only installed HDD;
- to display all hard drive partitions, enter list partition;
- to select a reserved partition, write the command sel part 1, where 1 is the partition number;
- make it active by typing active;
- exit the application by typing exit.
As a last resort, you can completely manually delete and format the system partition by starting from some LiveCD, and then use the bcdboot.exe command to create the sector again.
Using Bootice
If Windows XP was installed after "Seven", due to the overwritten MBR sector, only XP starts and you do not have the ability to select a system after you turn on the computer. At the same time, both systems are fully functional, and you can return the startup menu very easily, for which you use the Bootice utility:
In the new Bootice window on the left you will see the OS boot list, to which you will need to add the missing “Seven” to Windows XP:
- click "Add";
- in the list that opens, select the line new entry Windows 7;
- on the right side in the upper input field, select the hard drive;
- in the field below, indicate the section with “Seven”;
- click on save basic settings.
The program will notify you that this element has been successfully changed in Boot and you can exit Bootice. The next time you turn on your computer, you can already choose which OS to boot from your hard drive - Windows 7 or XP.
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