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Computer program autocad. Autocad design software

AutoCAD over the three decades of its existence has become the most popular tool for creating and processing two-dimensional and three-dimensional drawings on a computer. It is used in all areas where they work with drawings.

Autocad - a universal tool for an architect, engineer, builder

Autodesk AutoCAD is one of the most popular and most used 2D drawing and 3D modeling software for builders, engineers and architects. The last decade has proved that the trend of popularity of this program will only increase, and specialists working in autocad will be the most in demand and valuable. The trend of learning - autocad for beginners is in the trend of all professionals in this industry. Autocad allows you to solve almost all design and modeling tasks. Therefore, the autocad training program for beginners is what any civil engineer or designer should start their journey with. Starting to study autocad from scratch, everyone will learn for himself, firstly, how to learn how to draw in autocad from scratch, and, secondly, how to draw up drawings in accordance with GOST. These two factors are perhaps the most valuable, since the ability to draw and design is the most popular.

AutoCAD is most in demand in the following industries:

Architecture and construction.
Industrial design and interior design.
design bureaus.
Telecommunication companies.
Geodesy and cartography.

For some industries, taking into account their specifics, separate versions of the program are created. For example, AutoCAD Electrical is designed specifically for electrical equipment designers.

How Autocad is suitable for interior designers

Autocad is tightly integrated with 3ds Max and Revit, which makes it possible for interior designers to use autocad too. Quickly and conveniently creating an interior drawing in autocad, you export it to any of the programs and continue to be creative there. This is very important feature programs, you often hear the question of whether the AutoCAD training program for beginners is suitable for me, in almost all cases the answer is yes. The fact is that in the 3ds Max program, which is positioned as a program for designers, there are no drawing tools at all. And if we need filigree accuracy when carrying out an interior design project, then autocad is indispensable here. In the Revit program, which is also used by interior designers, although there are tools for creating drawings, but, as practice shows, the most convenient and optimal solution, this is the use of autocad drawings in Revit. Therefore, working with the autocad program for beginners is something that will suit most specialists from various sectors of construction, engineering or design.

Main features and functions of the program

AutoCAD was conceived as a complete replacement for the draftsman's and designer's arsenal. Drawing board, paper sheets, pencils, rulers, protractors, erasers, compasses and other tools migrated to the computer screen. And in addition to this, the user received hundreds of other tools developed already in the digital environment.

The basis of work in the program is still the same as when drawing by hand. That is, the construction of drawings of any complexity using the simplest graphic elements - segments, circles, arcs. However, in addition to this, the functionality of AutoCAD is already supplemented by more than 5,000 specialized applications developed for various industries.

Advantages of AutoCAD over conventional drawings:

Absolute accuracy of all lines.
The ability to make adjustments to the drawing of any scale and complexity.
Unlimited workspace.
Convenience electronic format- the drawing can be quickly copied, prepared a modified version, sent by e-mail.
By working with layers, you can create complex drawings with object overlays, such as master plans for buildings, in which various communication systems are displayed on separate layers.
The ability to use old developments - ready-made drawings and 3D models of various typical objects.
Automation of many operations in the preparation of drawings - for example, automatic dimensioning for segments, calculation of areas, volumes.
A rich toolkit for working with 3D objects - building isometric projections based on 2D drawings, simulating illumination.
Easy integration with other Autodesk products - 3ds Max, Corel Draw, Archicad, Inventor, Civil 3D.

Autocad is the most popular program in the construction and mechanical engineering industry.

Since autocad solves almost all the tasks facing the designer on one technological platform, the demand for specialists who own this program is the highest. Having mastered autocad from scratch, having understood the principle of how work with the autocad program for beginners is built, any specialist will significantly expand the scope of his professional capabilities. Starting to take the autocad course for beginners, make sure that the program on your home computer has already been installed. To do this for free, visit the Autodesk Education Community and you will be given the opportunity. How to learn how to draw in AutoCAD from scratch, you will be shown not only by your course instructor, but also by the means of the program itself, which are so intuitive that your first steps in AutoCAD will be as comfortable as possible. We report this because there is an opinion among some listeners about the excessive complexity of the program. Nothing like this. Everything is available.

Don't take on everything at once. AutoCAD has many faces, and it can take years to master all its tools and features. Therefore, at the beginning of the journey, concentrate only on universal tasks - such as building 2D drawings, working with layers, working using ready-made templates. It makes sense to study specific tools when you know for sure that you will need them in practice.
Don't reinvent the wheel. When preparing a complex drawing or model, you often have to use various typical elements - windows, doors, furniture, architectural elements, bearings, and much more. You can not draw most of these elements yourself, but look for ready-made options on the net, and, if necessary, correct them for your project.
Customize the program for yourself. If you often have to make similar drawings or design them in the same style, create own templates settings and fill them with the parameters you need. To prevent these templates from being lost, save them on a separate flash drive or in the cloud. Toolbars in the ribbon can also be easily dragged with the mouse, swapped between each other, putting those that you use most often in the most convenient places.
Help is always there. In the left upper corner The main window of the program has a large button with the letter "A". This is not just a program logo. Clicking on it will bring up the search bar. Useful when you forget the right command. Enter the name of the command in the line, and the program will give you a list of suitable options.
Save more. This should become your habit when working in the program. Don't forget to press Ctrl+S every three to five minutes, or after every successful streak.
Make drawings in sheets. AutoCAD has an unlimited working field, which cannot be said about paper. But drawings sometimes need to be printed. Get used to immediately splitting large drawings into standard sheets - A4, A3, and so on.

How much can you earn with AutoCAD

Poskol Because the ability to work in this program is necessary in a variety of industries and professions, the level of salaries in these vacancies is also very different.

A small overview (the average salaries in Russia are indicated, October 2016, data - Yandex.Work):

Project managers (construction) - 70 thousand rubles, while there are dozens of vacancies with a salary of 100-120 thousand rubles and more.
Chief project engineers - 55 thousand rubles, also with the prospect of 100-120 thousand rubles.
Architects - 54 thousand rubles.
PTO engineers, estimators - 50 thousand rubles.
Designers - 50 thousand rubles.
Interior designers - 42 thousand rubles.
Technical specialists- 38 thousand rubles.
Design engineers - 34 thousand rubles.

In Moscow and St. Petersburg, the level of salaries for these specialties is higher. In addition, within the categories themselves, the difference in the level of wages can reach 2-3 times. But in general, the trend is clear - a person with knowledge of AutoCAD can count on a fairly high salary and career growth.

Where to learn how to work in AutoCAD

Autodesk has a smart marketing policy. The company cooperates with the highest educational institutions around the world, offering them special free versions. Therefore, if you are going to study, for example, at the Academy of Architecture and Civil Engineering or another technical university, then surely AutoCAD will be included in curriculum. Thus, the development company makes sure that representatives of technical specialties are already familiar with their product from their student days.

If you have not received a specialized technical education, but want to master AutoCAD, there are two more options left:

1. Self-study

To do this, you can use numerous textbooks and video courses. Many of them are available online for free.

The advantages of this approach- that you work at your own pace, at a time convenient for you, choosing the most suitable material for you.

Minuses - Not everyone has enough self-discipline for self-study.

2. Specialized courses

Here you will receive a set of knowledge on this product in a short time, comparable to what students of specialized technical universities receive.

Advantages of face-to-face courses:

The acquired knowledge is immediately consolidated by practical exercises.
At any time, you can contact the teacher for help.
Working in a group - you can communicate, share experiences.

GCCPE is an authorized Autodesk training center, so our graduates receive international certificates recognized not only by Russian companies, but also abroad. The AutoCAD training course consists of 9 lessons with a total duration of 36 academic hours. The program is designed for users who begin to master AutoCAD from scratch.

AutoCAD and AutoCAD LT are very similar, but not the same. In today's review, we will consider the main differences between these versions, after which you will have no doubt which AutoCAD to choose for your company:

3D possibilities. Perhaps this is one of the main differences between the LT version and full version AutoCAD. If you want to design in 3D, then only the full version will suit you. The AutoCAD LT version will allow you to open and view 3D models created in the full version of AutoCAD. But you won't be able to make edits. By the way, the 3D drawing viewing function in the LT version is limited. Only a few viewing angles will be available to you, unlike the full version, where you can view the model from different trajectories.
Personal adaptation (customization). The full version of AutoCAD supports such programming languages as LISP, VBA and .NET. Using them, you can increase the functionality of the program, automate workflows, add various applications and extensions. The programming option is not supported in the LT version.
Network license. The full version of AutoCAD has the ability to use a network license. For a design organization, this means that you can purchase 10 AutoCAD licenses for 20 (or more) computers in your office. AutoCAD is installed on all computers in the office. In the program itself, you can simultaneously work with 10 different computers. That is, the program can be used from any computer, but in turn. You can even purchase one network license for 20 computers, access to it will be from any computer, only designers will have to wait a long time to work in the program. Network license is not available in AutoCAD LT. That is, the program will work only on the computer on which it was originally installed.
Price. Of course, this is one of the important selection criteria for many users. If you produce drawings exclusively in 2D and do not plan to master 3D design, you should choose the LT version, which is almost 3 times cheaper than the full version.

Companies that need 3D design or other features of the full version of AutoCAD for some projects usually use a combination of the two programs.

AutoCAD LT differences from AutoCAD

Products		AutoCAD LT
Short review	3D modeling and collaboration	2D drafting and documentation preparation
Support for common file formats
Multifunctional handles
Command line
Transparency of objects and layers
Tool Palettes
Dynamic Blocks
Sheet set manager/Project manager
Parametric dependencies
Intelligent Dimensioning Tools
Extended PDF version
Monitoring System Variables
File Tabs
Express Tools Functions
Main View, Projection Views, Sections, and Detail Views
Extracting data into tables
Content Explorer

AutoCAD is a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) system. It belongs to the class of CAD (Computer Aided Design) programs, which are intended primarily for the development of design documentation: drawings, object models, diagrams, etc.

The program allows you to build 2D and 3D drawings of any purpose and complexity with maximum accuracy.

The developer of the program is the American company Autodesk, which is a recognized leader in the world market among developers of CAD systems. The name of the program - AutoCAD - is derived from the English Automated Computer Aided Drafting and Design, which means "Automated drawing and design using a computer."

AutoCAD users always have an efficient documentation system at their fingertips. It allows you to create a variety of projects, work with tables and text inserts, speeds up the verification of drawings, and also interacts with MS Excel. For working with 2D projects the best utility just not to be found, because it has the necessary tools themselves. The program has a user-friendly interface, the user has access to image scaling, as well as panoramic functions. In addition to the basic functionality for drawing up drawings, the utility, through links, allows you to bind objects that are stored in a different database. Another additional and very useful AutoCAD tool is printing multiple drawings at the same time. The latest version of the utility has tools for three-dimensional design, allows you to view models from different angles, export them for animation, check interference, extract data for technical analysis.

AutoCAD supports several file formats:- DWG- a closed format developed directly by the utility; - DXF – open format, used to exchange data with users of other CAD systems; - DWF– for publishing 3D models and drawings.

All of these formats allow you to work with multiple layers, as a result of which the design becomes especially convenient, because in this way you can work on each object separately. Layers, if necessary, can be turned off, thereby making objects invisible. In addition, the program supports reading and writing (through export / import procedures) files of the following formats: SAT, DGN, 3DS.

AutoCAD allows you to efficiently and easily develop projects, visualize them, draw up project documentation.

Hundreds of millions of people around the world create electronic documents in AutoCAD every day or use it as a platform for more specialized customizations and applications. Over the course of 35 years, AutoCAD has evolved from a simple drawing assistant to a powerful graphical operating platform that integrates all stages of a project: concept development, geometric constructions and calculations, work with databases and attributes, interaction with numerous Windows applications, preparation of working documentation, management of the structure of an electronic project, presentation of solutions, preparation of a layout for printing, as well as tools for creating software applications.

AutoCAD is a computer-aided design system that allows you to draw 2- and 3-dimensional designs. Developer: Autodesk. Scope of application - construction, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and other industries that require design documentation. But it can be used not only in production. For example, you can draw your apartment in 3D with furniture arrangement. Yes, anything ... Distributed in many countries and localized into 18 languages from translation of documentation to full adaptation. In the Russian version, both the documentation and the interface are translated, which indicates the great popularity of the product in our country.

Autodesk released the first version of their bestseller in 1982. Early AutoCAD supported working with a limited number of simple objects, including lines, circles, arcs, labels, which could be combined into more complex designs. For the primitive transfer of drawing work to digital view CAD (computer-aided design) was called "electronic drawing board" and still retains it, despite the modern wide possibilities of the program.

The program is paid. Free demo(valid for 30 days) can be downloaded from autodesk.ru (products section). An installation file is downloaded to the computer, which we launch. A beautiful picture appears.

We continue the installation.

And here we see the interface.

The program is complex, but its possibilities are huge.

In today's 2D design from Autodesk, the old basics remain: elementary graphic objects can be combined into more complex ones. Additionally, it is possible to use external links - XReF, splitting the work on the project between several developers. The program provides work with annotations-labels and layers. Also since 2010 AutoCAD allows 2D parametric drafting. To facilitate work, non-programmers are given the opportunity to use dynamic blocks that automate part of the drawing routine. AT latest version CAD project binding to cartographic data appeared.

AutoCAD 2014 supports complex 3D modeling: solid, polygonal, and surface, complementing it with high-quality visualization using mental ray - rendering from Autodesk. However, direct modeling is implemented through Inventor Fusion, so mechanical CAD systems (the same Inventor) win in their niche. A nice high-tech addition to the program is support for 3D scanning through a cloud of points and 3D printing, i.e. the drawn object can be immediately brought to life.

A convenient API is attached to AutoCAD, thanks to which any enterprise can add useful options to the basic functionality. With the wide possibilities for developing applications, the modern popularity of CAD is associated. Based on it, GraphiCS, MechaniCS, GEOBRIDGE, power lines, etc. were created. There are extended versions for mechanics, electrical and architecture and from Autodesk.

AutoCAD was originally designed for Microsoft Windows from XP to version 8 operating system. You can select for both 64-bit and 32-bit systems. So far, only 2013 CAD can work on Apple's OS. On Linux, they are trying to use the software through Wine, but there is no special modification for it or for Android and is not planned yet. Considering system requirements, Autodesk software supports and welcomes multi-processor and multi-core computing.

The main file format developed by Autodesk from the very beginning is dwg. It is closed from external users; they are supposed to read dxf format with open source. However, many CAD systems understand both file formats, since they are the de facto standard for 2D design. true in dwg third party programs may be mistaken due to its closed nature. .dwf files are used for publishing and 3D rendering in AutoCAD.

The program allows you to build 2D and 3D drawings of any purpose and complexity with maximum accuracy.

AutoCAD users always have an efficient documentation system at their fingertips. It allows you to create a variety of projects, work with tables and text inserts, speeds up the verification of drawings, and also interacts with MS Excel. To work with two-dimensional projects, you simply cannot find the best utility, because it has the necessary tools themselves. The program has a user-friendly interface, image scaling and panoramic functions are available to the user. In addition to the basic functionality for drawing up drawings, the utility, through links, allows you to bind objects that are stored in a different database. Another additional and very useful AutoCAD tool is printing several drawings at the same time. The latest version of the utility has tools for three-dimensional design, allows you to view models from different angles, export them for animation, check interference, extract data for technical analysis.

AutoCAD supports several file formats:- DWG- a closed format developed directly by the utility;- DXF- open format, used to exchange data with users of other CAD systems; - DWF– for publishing 3D models and drawings.

All of these formats allow you to work with multiple layers, as a result of which the design becomes especially convenient, because in this way you can work on each object separately. Layers can be turned off if necessary, thereby making objects invisible. In addition, the program supports reading and writing (through export / import procedures) files of the following formats: SAT, DGN, 3DS.

AutoCAD allows you to efficiently and easily develop projects, visualize them, draw up project documentation.

Hundreds of millions of professionals around the world create daily in AutoCAD electronic documents or use it as a platform for more specialized settings and applications. Over the course of 35 years, AutoCAD has evolved from a simple drawing assistant to a powerful graphical operating platform that integrates all stages of a project: concept development, geometric constructions and calculations, work with databases and attributes, interaction with numerous Windows applications, design of working documentation , managing the structure of an electronic project, presenting solutions, preparing a layout for printing, as well as tools for creating software applications.

The program became widespread in the early 1990s. Then it was the tenth version and it worked on the basis of MS-DOS. Starting with version 14, AutoCAD began to work under Windows, and in the late 90s, version 15 appeared and the next one - 2000i.

Starting with the version of AutoCAD 2004, the program acquired exactly those basic principles of work that lie in it to this day. Since then, each subsequent version of the program, acquiring additional functions and capabilities, has all the same basic mechanisms and tools, becoming, however, more and more perfect, convenient and functional.

AutoCAD desktop

On fig. Figure 2.1 shows the classic AutoCAD desktop for Windows.

Rice. 2.1.AutoCAD desktop

This desktop includes:

falling Menu Browser - a menu that appears when you click on the A button in the upper left corner of the program window (Fig. 2.2);

optional toolbars:

· Standard panel and Styles panel – the top line of the program window;

· panel of workspaces Workspaces, layers Layers and properties Properties - the second line;

Draw drawing and Modify editing panel – columns on the left and right;

· tool palette Tool Palettes - in the right part of the program window;

status bar - a line at the bottom of the program window;

window command lines- above the status bar;

a graphical field that occupies the rest of the desktop.

Rice. 2.2.Drop down menu

Drop down menus

The dropdown menu bar can be modified by adding or removing certain items. To do this, select the Tools > Customize > Interface… items in the drop-down menu, in the Customize User Interface dialog box that appears, on the Customize tab in the Customizatios in All CUI Files area, open the Menus item (Fig. 2.3). Next, place the mouse pointer on one of the menu items and, by clicking the right mouse button, call up the context menu, in which select the appropriate item to delete existing or create new drop-down menus.

Rice. 2.3.Customize Menu Dialog Box

The drop-down menu bar contains the following items by default:

File - commands for working with files: creating, opening, saving, publishing on the Internet, printing, exporting files to other formats, as well as settings managers for sheets, plotters, print styles, etc .;

Edit - tools for editing parts of the graphic field of the program desktop, working with the clipboard, etc.;

View - screen control, zooming, panning, setting a three-dimensional point of view, creating viewports and named views, setting visual styles, toning, animation of the movement path, setting the necessary toolbars;

Insert - commands for inserting blocks, external objects, objects of other applications;

Format - commands for working with layers and their tools; color, line types; management of text styles, dimensions, multilines, tables; view of the point marker, setting units of measure, drawing borders;

Tools - workspace management; palettes; setting the drawing order of objects and obtaining information about them; work with blocks and their attributes; work with the AutoLISP language; work with user coordinate system; setting design standards; managing Masters (publishing on the Internet, installing plotters, creating plot style tables, color-dependent plot styles, sheet layout, creating a binder, importing print settings); setting drawing and snapping parameters using dialog boxes etc.;

Draw - two-dimensional and three-dimensional drawing commands;

Dimension - commands for setting dimensions and controlling parameters dimension styles;

Modify – commands for editing drawing elements;

Window - multi-window mode for working with drawings;

Help - displaying a system of hypertext hints.

Toolbars

AutoCAD commands on toolbars are represented as icons. If you pause the mouse pointer over the icon, the name of the corresponding command appears next to it, placed in a small rectangle.

If an icon has a small black triangle in the lower right corner, it means that it contains a submenu with a set of related commands. To call the submenu, it is necessary to hold the mouse pointer on the icon for a while by pressing its left button.

Toolbars can be floating (float) or fixed (dock), with a fixed location. Changes in the size of floating panels are allowed, as well as their movement in the graphic field (Fig. 2.4). A floating panel can be made docked by dragging it outside the graphics field with the mouse. Conversely, as soon as the docked panel enters the area of the graphic field, it turns into a floating one.

Rice. 2.4.floating toolbar

If necessary, the required toolbar can be displayed on the desktop by left-clicking on its name in the list context menu. To get this context menu, you need to right-click the mouse, setting its pointer to any toolbar icon (Fig. 2.5).

Rice. 2.5.List of toolbars

To remove a toolbar, make it floating if it is docked and click the close button located in the upper right corner of the toolbar header.

11.07.2020

A computer

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