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How to choose a push-button control station. Buttons and push-button stations: purpose and types Two-button control station start-stop

The push-button station is designed for switching circuits designed to control alternating current, the voltage of which is up to 660 V with a frequency of 50 and 60 Hz. In addition, they can be used in DC circuits with voltages up to 440 V or for supplying control signals. The latter can be performed either remotely or on site.

Typically, such products are needed to control devices of various types at a distance.

The design of the control panel is quite simple, there is a minimal number of parts in it, but there is one very important function– issue commands and check how completely they were executed.

They are used in automatic systems, in particular, such devices can be placed in metal and woodworking machines, various types of mechanisms aimed at lifting and moving loads.

Its body is usually made of plastic, there are at least 2 control elements, but there can be much more.

Its pusher is mushroom-shaped or made in the shape of a cylinder. Cylindrical products are available in black, white, yellow, red, blue or green. The mushroom-shaped pusher is painted red or black.

The contact elements operate via both the making and breaking principles.

Explosion-proof models are used to remotely control electric drives of stationary or mobile installations. These devices can be used in the gas and oil industries, as well as in other types of industrial production.

magnetic switch

This system is quite flexible and is equipped with several modules, as well as a magnetic starter. The latter is connected directly through a push-button post, due to which the reliability of its operation becomes very high.

This starter is a switching structure, due to which electricity is disconnected or connected.

Such starters have a metal or plastic body and can be used in direct or alternating current networks. They are often used in automated systems and devices; in addition, they are designed to turn systems on or off in the event of an emergency.

They can be remote or built directly into the design of the product.

In order for the entire system to operate as reliably as possible, only those electrical products are used that will directly correspond to all existing characteristics.

Device and design


simple post scheme

The standard push-button control station has the following design features:

  1. Each of the buttons lacks position fixation.
  2. Start button usually colored green color, and sometimes even equipped with a backlight when turned on, it also has normally wired contacts, and it itself is used to activate the operation of a particular mechanism.
  3. Stop button, as a rule, red and located on closed contacts. Due to this, the supplied voltage is removed from the device and its operation is suspended.
  4. Besides, push-button control stations can have a metal or plastic body. Each of them has its own level of protection. They are allowed to be used in devices intended for distribution purposes, as well as in the automation of most industrial systems.
  5. Push button post represents the basis of the design of most remote controls; it is directly involved in turning the equipment on or off, and acts in an emergency.

If the equipment is dangerous to human life or health, similar devices are produced with an increased degree of protection. The connection diagram in this case is much more reliable, and the remote control itself can be connected to various devices.

Often, the installation is controlled from 2 points. As a rule, this is caused by a certain production need. Typically, various electric motors operate using this technology, but other equipment can also operate.

Operating principle

Such a device is a switching device, thanks to which the electric current is controlled and distributed along the circuits to which it is connected.

On the one hand, at the push-button station there are power contacts, which perform switching on, switching, normal and emergency shutdown of the equipment.

On the other hand, an electromagnetic coil is installed, due to which these contacts are switched on and off:

  1. In the first part These power contacts, as a rule, are movable and are located on a dielectric crossarm. If these elements do not have such a characteristic as mobility, then they are placed directly on the body, which must also be dielectric. With their help, power lines are connected. In a quiet state, such contacts are open, and electricity does not flow through them. There is no load on them in this state. They are held in this state thanks to a special spring;
  2. The second part is equipped with an electromagnetic coil. Until a sufficient amount of voltage is applied to it, it is also at rest. When the voltage increases, an electromagnetic field appears on the coil circuit, creating an electromotive force. Due to it, a movable core or armature with power contacts attached to it approaches the coil. As a result, the circuits connected through them are closed and a workload is formed.
  3. When the voltage is removed from the coil, electromotive force disappears, and the anchor cannot be held in the active position; under the action of the spring, it has to return to its original position. As a result of this, the power contact circuits open and the installation stops working.

Advantages

Main positive points its operation are:

  1. Device contents can be standard or tailored to specific requirements of the direct customer.
  2. The body is made of non-flammable materials– special refractory fireproof plastic or metal.
  3. Between cover and body There is a small gasket made of rubber, which creates a good seal.
  4. Push button post implies the possibility of installing 2 light indicators - one for each control button.
  5. Construction seal is under good protection from the negative effects of environmental factors.
  6. On the side of the structure An additional hole is made through which the cable is inserted.
  7. All fasteners are made of stainless steel - grade 316 steel, thanks to which the fastenings of this device turn out to be quite reliable.

Largely due to all these advantages, push-button posts have one of the highest degrees of protection.

Types

Main types:

PKE

Typically used when working with woodworking devices for both industrial and domestic purposes.

PKU


Used in industry, where there is no threat of explosion, and the total concentration of dust or gas will not lead to failure of such equipment.

PCT


Used when working with electrical equipment, installed on mechanisms capable of lifting large loads, for example, beam cranes, overhead cranes, and so on. With the help of such a device, the tool will be controlled from the surface of the earth in manual mode.

Technical characteristics and operating conditions


 Despite the huge variety of models available for sale, specifications They are the same, but may differ slightly in parameters:

  1. Rated voltage(in the case of alternating current – ​​up to 660V, with direct current – ​​up to 440V).
  2. Lowest operating voltage(with alternating current - from 36, with direct current - from 24).
  3. Rated voltage, attributable to insulating layers (up to 660V).
  4. Rated current(10A).
  5. Through current, flowing through the push-button station for one second (200A).
  6. Nominal operating mode(there can be 4 types: short-term, intermittent, long-term and intermittent-long).

Operation largely depends on the type of control station, but there are a number of general points:

  1. First of all, the push-button post should not be located above 4300 m above sea level.
  2. Temperature in a workshop or other work area it can be from -40 to +40 degrees.
  3. If the humidity regime will exceed 80% at a temperature of 20 degrees, then this will soon lead to damage to the contacts; at a temperature of 40 degrees, this figure should not be higher than 50%.
  4. There are devices, capable of operating in explosive environments, but most models are not designed for this.
  5. Besides, the environment should not contain large amounts of dust capable of conducting electric current, corrosive gas and water vapor.
  6. Admit exposure to direct sunlight on the structure is strictly prohibited.

Model overview

Push-button station PKE 222-3-U2-IP54-KEAZ

It has 3 buttons, is placed in refractory plastic, meets all state standards GOST 15150-69 and GOST 15543.1-89.

Its price is 237 rubles.

Push-button station Electrician PKU 15-21


Has 2 buttons, led indicator activity designation, housed in an aluminum case, has all the necessary certificates of conformity.

Costs 1248 rubles.

Hanging push button station Schneider Electric Harmony XAC-B XACB6913

It has 6 buttons and one for emergency stop, is additionally equipped with double insulation, the body is made of reinforced polyester. Supplied completely ready for use.

Cost 23957 rubles.

The main purpose of push-button posts – remote control various electrical installations and devices. Most often, they are used in three-phase synchronous and control systems.

Thanks to their use, the ventilation system operator does not need to go up to the fan location area - the post can turn on and off all electrical devices from his workplace.

In this case, the push-button stations are combined and located on one panel, called the control panel.

Functions performed by push-button stations, which include:

  1. Turning electrical appliances on and off and devices.
  2. Switching the direction of rotation of the rotor electric motors (reverse).
  3. Manual, emergency shutdown electrical installations,

They are made with different functionality and in a variety of designs.

Push-button control stations are not intended for use in high-voltage circuits. Their main purpose is to work in alternating current electrical networks with a voltage of up to 600.0 volts or direct current with a voltage of up to 400.0 volts.

Connection


Motor control circuit

In most cases, a push-button station is used to switch the power supply to magnetic starters that are installed in the control circuits of asynchronous AC motors.

And its control using a three-button post is shown in the figure above, where the following notations are adopted:

  1. "Start forward/reverse" and "Stop"- buttons of the control panel.
  2. KM1 and KM2– coils of magnetic starters that perform direct and reverse activation of the electric motor.
  3. KM1.1…KM2.3 contacts of magnetic starters.

The scheme works as follows:

  1. When you press the push button “Start-forward”, power is supplied to the coil of the first magnetic starter (“KM1”); the group of normally open contacts KM1.1 closes, supplying power to the motor windings.
  2. Fine closed contacts"KM1.2" the contacts of the “Start-backward” pusher are disconnected, blocking the activation of the coil of the magnetic starter “KM2”, and the normally open contacts “” are closed parallel to the “Start-forward” button.
  3. When you press the “Stop” pusher power is not supplied to the coils of both magnetic starters (“KM1”; “KM2”), they are turned off, the contacts “KM1.1” and “KM1.3” open, de-energizing the electric motor.
  4. When you press the "Start-Reverse" button the procedures for closing the contacts are similar, only they are carried out in relation to the second magnetic starter “KM2”.

Structurally, control posts have different designs, which depend on the purpose of the device, the number of control objects and operating conditions.

Design features


Rice. 2 – Two-button control panel

Depending on the number of controlled electricity consumers, the posts can be two-button ("Start" and "Stop" pushers) and multi-button. In addition, when performing electrical and electrical work, single buttons are used, which the user can independently install on any control panel.

Push-button posts are mounted in plastic or metal case, having mounting holes for installing the fittings in a place convenient for operation. A separate group consists of push-button stations designed to control hoists (PKT series), beam cranes and overhead cranes with ground control.

The main functional element of the device that starts, stops or switches the modes of the electricity consumer is a push button - an electrical switching fixture with manual control.

Today, control panels use two types of pushers:

  1. With self-return, in which the button returns to its original state due to a return spring installed on the pusher on the bottom side.
  2. Pushers with position fixation(with self-holding), which close the contact and hold it until pressed again.

The most common is a two-button starting valve, the design of which is shown in Fig. 2. The remote control consists of a body 1 and a front panel 2, which are connected to each other by screws 3. The buttons are colored different colour and control a pair of contacts located inside the housing.

In the free state of the “Start” button, its pair of contacts is open, while the “Stop” button, on the contrary, is closed. When you click on start button, its contacts close.

There are a huge number of switching schemes for various electrical systems and devices with just two buttons. However, most of them do not provide direct voltage supply to the consumer, but through the contacts of a magnetic starter, which are designed for high currents and voltages.

The housing material depends on the operating conditions and the required degree of electrical protection. Most modern push-button posts come in a metal or plastic case. However, there are also frameless fittings, in which the buttons are fixed to the panel, as well as single, frameless single-button devices.

The pushers themselves have different shapes and colors, which in fittings produced in Russia are usually reflected in their symbol.

According to their shape, pushers are divided into:

  • mushroom-shaped (“GR”);
  • cylindrical;
  • recessed (“C”);

By pusher color:

  1. Stop buttons usually painted red (“R”) or yellow (“J”);
  2. Pushers "Start" can be black (“H”), blue (“C”), green (“Z”) or white (“B”).

Types of push-button control panels

Rice. 3. Series designation “PKE”

Today, on the electrical equipment market, a fairly large number of different push-button remote controls are produced that control electrical equipment.

However, functionally and structurally, they are all identical and differ in design and brand. All model lines of this type of electrical fittings can be supplied in various placement categories and different designs.

Typically, these two parameters are reflected in the symbol of a specific model. Russian enterprises produce the PKE, PKT and PKT series for installation in industrial equipment control systems.

The PKE series has found the widest distribution in control circuits of wood and metalworking machines and industrial complexes.

The permissible operating parameters of these devices are as follows:

  1. Maximum value of switching voltage: constant - 400.0 volts; alternating (frequency 50.0 or 60.0 hertz) – 660 volts;
  2. Switching current– 10.0 amperes;
  3. Maximum number of actuation cycles– 5×10 6 .

The symbol for push-button stations of the PKE series is shown in Figure 3, in which the following characteristics are indicated by numbers:

  • 1
  • 2 – characteristics of the installation method (built-in or overhead);
  • 3 – degree of protection category;
  • 4 – body and panel material (metal or plastic);
  • 5 – number of controlled contacts (the figure shows the designation for two contacts);
  • 6 – a parameter indicating product modernization;
  • 7


Rice. 4. Designation of the “PKU” series

Posts of the PKU series are intended for operation in an explosion-proof environment where the concentration of dust or gas will not disrupt their functionality.

The fittings have operational parameters similar to the PKE model line, however, the manufacturer has provided its own designation for this electrical fittings, which is shown in Figure 4.

The digital designations shown in the figure correspond to the following parameters, which allow us to characterize specific model devices:

  • 1 – serial number designation;
  • 2 – serial modification number;
  • 3 – rated current switched by contacts of a separate button;
  • 4 – the number of pushers installed in horizontal rows;
  • 5 – the number of pushers installed in vertical rows;
  • 6 – installation method (overhead, built-in or suspended);
  • 7 – degree of electrical protection;
  • 8 – category of accommodation and the corresponding climatic modification;


Fig.5 – PKT remote control

The PKT series is designed to work with electrical equipment of lifting mechanisms (electric hoists, overhead cranes and overhead cranes) with ground-based, manual control.

Operational and electrical parameters are similar to devices of the “PKE” and “PKU” series. Under the abbreviation "IEK" on Russian market Electrical products are sold from Chinese fittings, whose characteristics are completely similar to Russian control stations.

The general view of this electrical fittings is shown in Figure 5.

In the designation “PKT-X 1 X 2 X 3” the digital indices characterize the following parameters:

  • X 1– series number;
  • X 2– number of control buttons;
  • X 3– category of accommodation and the corresponding climatic modification.

Explosion-proof starting fittings


KPVT control panel

Russian explosion-proof fittings have in their letter designation additional index “B” – “PVK”, or “KPVT”. They are most widespread in control circuits for electrical equipment operating in explosive environments in coal mines, oil storage facilities, paint shops and other similar facilities.

Hoist push-button controls “HAS-A” (“Schneider Electric” - Germany) and “KS” (“SN Promet” - Poland) are widely used. In addition, remote push-button control valves are becoming increasingly common in this category.

Cost indicators


The cost of Russian push-button posts is quite low and depends primarily on the number of buttons, categories of placement and climatic modification. Devices in a metal case are slightly more expensive than analogues installed in a plastic case.

For example, the price of two-button devices “PKE-222-2” is in the range of 250.0...280.0 rubles. A similar device with a mushroom-shaped “Stop” button will cost a little more – 380.0 rubles.

The price of one-button posts does not exceed 150 rubles. The six-button telpher remote control “PKT-60” costs 300.0 rubles. A device with a similar number of buttons and electrical parameters, equipped with a key (“foolproof”), will cost 200.0 rubles more.

Push-button stations are used to operate an asynchronous motor. However, they can only be connected via magnetic starters. As a rule, adapters and contactors are used for this. However, it is important to consider the type of switch and the parameters of the starter. To understand the device connection in detail, you need to consider the standard diagram.

Connection diagram

The connection diagram for a magnetic starter via a push-button post involves the use of an analog adapter. There are blocks with three and four outputs. For connection, the direction of the cathode is determined. The starter contacts are connected via a switch. The trigger for this is a two-channel type. If we consider devices with automatic switches, then they use an electrode regulator. In this case, the blocks can be located on the controller. The most common are devices with broadband connectors.

Consideration of QF1 switches

The connection diagram for a magnetic starter via a push-button post has two controllers, which are connected through an expander. The output contacts must be mounted on the cover. Device trigger suitable analog type. Normally closed contact first order is established by zero phase. The resistance on the magnetic starter must be at least 40 ohms. Before connecting the device, the switch is checked.

The current relay in the circuit is used only of the two-channel type. In this case, the controller must close in the first phase. The switch is set to the upper position. When connecting the expander, the contacts are cleaned and the protective plate is unscrewed. To stabilize the process, the rectifier is selected as an open type.

Scheme with irreversible starter

The connection diagram for a magnetic starter via a push-button post assumes the use of a low-impedance expander. In this case, the rectifiers are connected to the converter winding. The normally closed contact of the switch is installed in the first phase. It should also be noted that filters can be used with a grid triode.

The starter resistance is on average 55 Ohms. If we consider a circuit with a dipole adapter, then the regulator is installed on a pulse rectifier. The output contacts are closed directly on the dinistor. A tester is used to check the post. It should also be noted that there are variable converters. Starters with these elements can be connected via a controller via the zero phase. However, you will need a magnetic triode filter.

Application of reversing starters

The connection diagram for a magnetic starter via a push-button post is very simple. It involves the use of only one rectifier. And the filter can be used with a variable triode. Many models have two converters. In this case, the trigger is installed on three outputs. The normally open contact is connected to the post through the first phase. To check the element you will need a tester.

The resistance level of the magnetic starter is 50 Ohms. If we consider modifications with adjustable converters, then the dinistor can be selected on a binary filter. Some experts say that the outputs on the comparator need to be thoroughly cleaned. It should also be noted that the tetrode in the starters must be correctly positioned.

Instructions for PML-1100 series starters

The circuit has three adapters. The output contacts must be closed in the zero phase. The post is checked using a tester. Experts say that you should not use analog converters that have a low resistance level. If we consider simple switches, then the trigger is set to channel reception. The current relay is connected to the converter and closes on the first phase. If you have problems with overheating, you can try to reduce the load using a comparator.

Connecting a modular starter

The modular type starter circuit contains contact adapters. Many models are made with three connectors. They have a positive contactor that is connected through a converter. The trigger in this case is used with an operational filter. If we consider simple switches, then the modules are connected through the controller in the first phase. The closing contacts must be at the top.

It should also be noted that there are modifications for four outputs. Their triggers are installed with regulators. When connecting devices, it is important to thoroughly clean the contacts and check the device with a tester. For many models, the resistance value reaches a maximum of 40 ohms. posts are closed on the plate. Rectifiers are used with a positive direction. Dinistors are often installed on three adapters. A regular post is connected via the zero phase. If we talk about adjustable starters, then the trigger is of the analog type. In this case, only one switch is required. To do everything correctly, you will have to measure the maximum resistance in the circuit.

Open starters

An open type starter (manual) can be connected via a regular trigger. Controllers are most often used with four connectors. The output contacts are connected to the post via zero phase, and the resistance should be about 45 Ohms. Wired type controllers are connected to the converter. To check the phase, a tester is used. Starters with a dinistor are installed through an electrode adapter. Quite often rectifiers are used with low conductivity. The closing contacts must be connected on the top panel. To avoid problems with failures, it is important to check the insulation and take care of the rectifier.

Connecting enclosed starters

Starters of this type can be connected via a wired controller. In this case, the straightener is standardly used with a lining. Experts advise using only triode filters. If we consider posts for two switches, then the trigger is selected as a pulse type. In this case, the controller is connected first. Positive contacts are connected at zero phase. The resistance on the controller must be at least 45 ohms.

If we consider modifications on capacitive triggers, then they need a converter. The devices can only be used in a DC circuit. The filters in this case are installed with a triode. Many starters use only one comparator. A cover is used to protect the element. It should also be noted that experts recommend thoroughly cleaning the trigger contactors.

Connection via a unijunction trigger

Connection via a single-junction trigger can only be carried out in the first phase. It should also be noted that not all starters are suitable for this. Converters can only be used as wired type. Their resistance must be at least 55 ohms. Dinistors for starters are selected with an electrode triode. The contacts of the post are directly connected to the expander.

You can check the conductivity of the element using a tester. Experts do not recommend installing filters with high resistance. The standard scheme involves the use of two rectifiers. If we talk about adjustable starters for asynchronous motors, then they have a comparator that is connected through a converter.

Application of a two-junction trigger

Bijunction flip-flops can be used in a DC circuit. They have high parameter resistance. And they are suitable for starters different types. Converters in the standard circuit are of the duplex type. Quite often there are digital analogues that are available with two outputs. Many switches in devices are used with a rectifier. To connect the equipment, the first phase is determined. In this case, the resistance can be at least 45 ohms. With increased conductivity, the trigger with the plate changes.

Connection via dipole adapter

Dipole adapters are allowed to be connected only through a push-button station for two and “Stop”. Triggers are usually used of the low-resistance type. If we consider a simple post, then the upper contacts are closed first. It should also be noted that the controller can be connected through a converter, and its resistance is 55 Ohms. A dinistor is quite often used with analog filters, which significantly increase the conductivity coefficient. You must also remember that linear triggers are not suitable for this type of starter. The adapter can be connected to the expander. Thus, the overload from the starter is greatly removed. The filter in this case is installed behind the comparator.

Application of wired switch

A wired switch can be connected via a transceiver, but only in the first phase. Many controllers are used for two outputs. The expander in this case is used with one filter. The starter closes in the first phase. It should also be noted that the post should be installed behind the output contacts. If problems with breakdowns in the circuit are detected, the expander is checked.

Connection via module

Only electrode starters are allowed to be connected through the module. In this case, posts are selected of a two-button type. In some cases, modules are manufactured with three outputs. And they have one controller. In such a situation, a triode is used for connection. The closing contacts are aligned according to the first phase. It should also be noted that the expander is selected as a dipole type. If we talk about models with plates, then the closing contacts must be checked for maximum resistance. The expander outlets are thoroughly cleaned. It should also be noted that open contacts are set to zero phase.

Push-button control stations– devices that are produced in the form of a rectangular or square case made of durable plastic or metal with built-in control elements (two or more).

Functionality and design in different models may differ, but all devices perform the main task - transmitting alternating current through circuits with voltages up to 600 V (at a frequency of 50, 60 Hz), thereby providing signals for changing the operating mode of the units.

The devices are also used in electrical networks with direct current up to 400 V, and settings can be changed either permanently or remotely. Most often, push-button remote controls are used to transfer power to magnetic starters, which are an element of the control circuit of electric motors.

Main functions of the devices:

  • turning equipment on and off;
  • emergency shutdown in manual mode;
  • changing rotor rotation parameters.

Advantages of using push-button posts:

  • the ability to control the unit without leaving the workplace;
  • there is no need to endanger life by getting close to equipment connected to high voltage;
  • you can choose any set of buttons, which optimizes the control process;
  • reliable operation;
  • compact cases made of durable material;
  • safety of use, high degree of protection;
  • long operational period.

Design features and principle of operation

The design part depends on the type of model, but in any case it is practical and reliable in use. On one edge of the switching device there are power contacts that switch operating modes (on/off) or completely stop in an emergency. An electromagnetic coil is mounted in the opposite part, ensuring the process of closing/opening contacts.

The remote control structure includes the main elements:

  • control panel buttons (“start-forward”, “start-back”, “stop”);
  • coils of magnetic starters (KM1, KM2);
  • contacts of magnetic starters (KM1.1… KM2.3).

The operating principle of push-button posts is as follows. When you press “start-forward”, power is supplied to the coil of the first magnetic starter (KM1), as a result of which the group of open contacts closes, supplying current to the windings of the electric motor.

“Start-back” disconnects the contacts, blocking the connection of the magnetic starter coil (KM2). When you press the “stop” button, the power supply to KM1 and KM2 is stopped, thereby de-energizing the electric motor. The “start-reverse” pusher operates similarly to the “stop” button, but only in relation to the second magnetic starter (KM2).


When you press “start-forward”, power is supplied to the coil of the first magnetic starter (KM1), as a result of which the group of open contacts closes, supplying current to the windings of the electric motor

Post types

There are many different push-button remote controls on the electrical equipment market that can be used to control equipment and machines. It is worth noting that the differences between many of them can be traced mainly in the design of the case and the brand, while the functionality and design of many are completely identical.

Therefore, from the manufactured devices, only the main ones with justified technical differences are distinguished:

  • PKE, with the help of which the control of metal and woodworking units for industrial and household purposes is carried out;
  • PCUs intended only for industrial equipment where there is no threat of explosion;
  • PKT used for units with a lifting and loading mechanism.


Main characteristics and operating conditions

Despite the fact that the technical characteristics of the models are identical, differences in parameters are still observed:

  • with alternating current, the lowest operating voltage is 36 V, with direct current – ​​from 24 V;
  • rated voltage with alternating current is up to 660V, with direct current – ​​up to 440V;
  • rated voltage supplied to the insulating layers is within 600-660 V;
  • four types of nominal operating modes (long-term, intermittent-long-term, short-term, intermittent);
  • rated current is 10A;
  • For 1 second, a through current with a nominal value of 200A flows through the push-button post.


The posts operate in various areas, which are located no higher than 4300 m above sea level

Rules for operating control devices

Many models are not designed to work in explosive environments, so you should familiarize yourself with the technical specifications before purchasing. The operating temperature in the room or workshop should be within -35 – +40°C.

The posts operate in various areas, which are located no higher than 4300 m above sea level.

To ensure long-term operation of devices, it is necessary to monitor the humidity of the environment(50% is considered acceptable). An increased level of moisture affects the condition of the contacts and disables them. In addition, it is important to monitor the degree of dust and gas contamination in the room. A large number of dust and gases can cause fire or smoke.

During operation of the post, do not allow the body to be exposed to sunlight, this will lead to overheating of the device.

Post models

(Schneider Electric) is a suspended model with a polypropylene body. The device is designed to control a single-speed motor of lifting equipment. There are 2 buttons and one emergency stop on the case. Mechanical wear resistance is 1,000,000 cycles, but with proper maintenance and proper operation the device can last longer. The cost of the remote control is 4815 rubles.

(Schneider Electric) is a suspended structure with a polypropylene body. The device is designed to be connected to a two-speed motor of a lifting machine. The model is equipped with 4 buttons and one emergency stop. The rated operating power is 65 W, which corresponds to a wear resistance rating of 1,000,000 cycles. The cost of the post is 8014 rubles.


(IEK) has 2 built-in buttons (without fixation). Model protection degree – IP54, rated voltage up to 400 V at alternating current. The body is made of plastic. The cost is 430 rubles.


(Russia) has a plastic case with two control buttons (without fixation) and one emergency shutdown. Rated voltage – 440V/660V. The degree of protection corresponds to IP40. The cost of the device is 162 rubles.


(Schneider Electric) has a suspended design, the body is made of polypropylene. The device is equipped with 6 buttons and one emergency shutdown. Mechanical wear resistance is at least 1,000,000 cycles. Rated voltage - 600 V. Model cost - 7155 rubles.

  • Correct operation of posts is associated with proper selection of devices. All technical specifications must correspond to the parameters of the equipment to which the connection is made.
  • The body of the push-button device is made of non-flammable materials, but this does not mean that the device can be placed during operation near heating sources or under sunlight. Additional heat supplied to the contacts will cause them to overheat.
  • Posts Russian production, which relate to explosion-proof fittings, are supplemented by the letter designations: “B”, “PVK” or “KPVT”.
  • In modern models, a special role is played by the button that acts as a pusher. It is designed in two versions: with position fixation and self-return. When choosing, it is worth considering the features technological process to optimize control.
  • It is better to purchase posts in specialized stores or from an official representative. This ensures warranty service and the risk of system failure during operation is reduced. A conscientious manufacturer values ​​​​its reputation, so before going on sale, products undergo high-quality testing.

Push-button control stations are devices of a rectangular or square configuration in a housing made of durable plastic, plastic or metal, inside which push-button regulators are mounted. Functionally and structurally, the devices may differ slightly from each other, but their operating principle is identical - transporting alternating current through voltage circuits with values ​​of up to 600 volts (frequency - up to 60 Hz). As a result, the operating mode of the connected units changes. The controllers can also be operated with DC up to 400 V (settings can be changed in stationary or remote mode). The main area of ​​use of the devices in question is industrial sectors. The principle of operation of the device is the transfer of power to the control circuit of the electric motor.

Purpose and functionality

Industrial push-button control stations are designed for remote control of various devices and devices with electric motors. Most often they are used in control circuits of three-phase synchronous and asynchronous motors.

The use allows the operator of the ventilation unit to adjust the operation of the unit from his workplace, without rising into the operating area of ​​the equipment. As a rule, push-button control stations are located on a common panel, the so-called common control post.

The main functions of the devices in question:

  • Activation and deactivation of electrical appliances and devices.
  • Carrying out reverse (switching the direction of rotation of the rotor).
  • Emergency shutdown of machines and other devices.

The regulators in question are not intended for use in high-voltage circuits.

Connection

Connection of push-button control stations and their subsequent operation is carried out using magnetic starter coils, which provide direct and reverse activation of the motor. The remote control is controlled by the “Start”, “Stop” (“Forward/Back”) buttons.

When the Start-Forward pusher is activated, power is transferred to the first magnetic starter through its coil, after which the group of contacts closes, providing power to the windings of the electric motor. When the “Start-backward” function is activated, the activation of the coil of the second magnetic starter is blocked, while the normally open contacts close in parallel with the “Start-forward” mode.

Turning on the “Stop” key ensures that the electric motor is de-energized, while power is not supplied to both starters, the contacts are in an open state. When reverse is activated, the operation of the contacts is similar to the start, only power is supplied to the second magnetic starter.

Peculiarities

Depending on the number of controlled electrical energy consumers, push-button control stations can be two- or multi-button. It is worth noting that during installation and electrical work, single buttons are used, which are installed by the user on any type of push-button switch.

The devices in question are installed in a metal or plastic housing with mounting holes for mounting the fittings in the place chosen as the main operational station. A separate category includes control panels for hoists (PKT), bridge lifts and overhead cranes with ground control.

The main element of a push-button control station is a push-button, which is an electrical switching fixture with manual control. Let's look at the types of pushers and the devices themselves, their differences between each other, as well as features according to their areas of application.

Types of pushers

The pushers used in the design of the push-button control post, the price of which varies from 300 to 800 rubles (depending on the type and material of the housing), are divided into two categories:

  1. Self-return options. Such buttons return to their original position by means of a spring located on the pusher at the bottom.
  2. Fixed (self-retaining) models. Buttons of this type retain the contact tightly until pressed again.

The most widespread is the two-button modification; the pushers are painted in different colors. In the free position, the “Start” button has open contacts, and the “Stop” button has closed contacts. Pushers may differ in color and shape:

  • The color of the locking button is usually red or yellow.
  • Starter pushers are painted black, blue, green or white.
  • The shape of the buttons can be in the form of a mushroom, a cylinder, or recessed into the body.

Types of remote controls

There is a wide range of push-button controllers on the modern market. Functionally, they are almost identical, differing in brand, configuration and case material.

The PKE push-button control station is produced in Russia and is used to control industrial equipment. This series is mainly used in the circuits of metal and woodworking machines, as well as in the production of various mechanisms.

Operating characteristics of the device:

  • The limit value of the switching voltage (AC/DC) is 600/400 volts.
  • Switching current - 10 A.
  • Maximum operation cycles - 5x10 ₆.

Push-button PKU control stations are designed for use in an environment protected from explosions, where the accumulation of a gas-dust mixture will not cause a violation of the integrity and functionality of the controller. The parameters of this electrical fittings are similar to those of PKE.

PCT

This type of push-button control posts is designed for aggregation with electrical equipment of lifting devices such as electric hoists, overhead cranes and overhead cranes, equipped with manual ground control. As a rule, a controller of this type is used in various production workshops, warehouses, and special production facilities.

The characteristics of the operational and electrical plan are comparable with similar parameters of the PKU and PKE versions. Electrical fittings made in China are also sold on the domestic market under the IEK marking. Its indicators are completely identical to their Russian counterparts. The price is also not particularly different from identical domestic modifications.

Explosion-proof push-button control station

Domestic explosion-proof controllers with pushers have an additional index “B” in their letter designation, for example PVK or KPVT. Such devices are used in control circuits of equipment that is operated in explosive environments (mines, oil storage facilities, paint shops and similar industries).

Posts of the XAC-A (Germany) and KS (Poland) types are widely used. Also in this segment, remote push-button electrical fittings are beginning to be used more often.

In conclusion

PVC is a push-button control station, which is used to control electrical equipment in an explosive environment. Analogs without the “B” index are used in safer areas. The principle of operation of all regulators with pushers is identical; they differ in appearance and in the number of buttons. Models with metal casings are stronger and cost a little more. When choosing a post, you should take into account the features of its further operation and the compliance of the characteristics with the conditions of use.

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