Materials for autocad. Blocks for AutoCAD

However, It's much more convenient to work when you have your own collection of blocks for AutoCAD. Prepare it once and use it constantly. The time savings are colossal! These can be blocks for AutoCAD “Electrical”, and blocks for AutoCAD “Furniture”, and even 3D blocks for AutoCAD of varying complexity and detail.

So, let's look at furniture blocks for AutoCAD as an example. First of all, collect in one file all the blocks that should be included in the collection. You can either create them from scratch, or download them from the Internet, and then paste them into this file. Please note that this can also be a library of dynamic blocks for AutoCAD.

Rice. 1. AutoCAD file containing "Furniture" blocks.

Let's create our own library of blocks in AutoCAD using the "Tool Palette". To do this, let’s look at the “Control Center”, which is located on the “View” tab → “Palettes” panel. To quickly call the Control Center, there is a hotkey Ctrl+2. The palette shown in Fig. 1 appears. 2:

Rice. 2. Calling the AutoCAD "Control Center" palette.

You need to go to the “Open Drawings” tab. On the left there will be a list of drawings that are currently open in AutoCAD. The Control Center is unique in that it shows all the objects that are in our drawing file, i.e. blocks, size styles, layers, etc.

Rice. 3. Working with the AutoCAD "Control Center" palette.

Let's make the drawing active with the name "Project". To do this, simply select it with LMB. On the right side, accordingly, all the elements that are in this drawing are displayed. Now we are interested in “Blocks”. Double-click on this RMB icon. All blocks that are in this file will be shown.

Rice. 4. A set of blocks for AutoCAD.

Your AutoCAD block library will contain those elements that will be selected here (for example, you can select everything with a frame and use Ctrl keys squeeze out the excess). Next, right-click on any selected block and select “Create tool palette.”

Rice. 5. Own collection of blocks for AutoCAD.

In this case, the blocks remain in the file from which they were moved to the palette. In AutoCAD, only links to these blocks are created. So what if original file rename\delete\move blocks - the palettes in these blocks will stop working.

In the tool palette (CTRL+3) creates new inset with the name “New Palette” containing the previously selected blocks. To rename a tab, right-click on its name and select “Rename palette”. Let's call it “Cottage Furniture”. You can also rename all blocks here (RMB → “Rename”).

Rice. 6. Your own library of AutoCAD "Furniture" blocks on the tool palette.

Now these elements are stored directly in the system. To quickly access tool palettes, just use hotkey Ctrl+3.

Rice. 7. AutoCAD's own block library can be supplemented with new objects.

This block is added to the palette in real time.

InfoSAPR - the only companywho develops unique families for Autodesk REVIT, libraries for AutoCAD, databases for ArchiCAD, AutoCAD MEP,Autodesk Inventor, Plant 3D, E3.Series and other computer-aided design systems.We keep up with the times and help our clients move towards their goals.InfoSAPR is the only company in Russia that has adapted AutoCAD Electrical to the requirements of Russian designers.

Our motto is “CAD without a Base – Money down the drain!”

What can a library (database) be like in a computer-aided design (CAD) system:

• 3D models of equipment, both dynamic and static, with parameters that contain the equipment
  
• conditional graphic images of equipment for drawings in accordance with GOST, ESKD, SNIP - most often 2D static blocks
  
• standard design solutions - entire solutions assembled from standard blocks
• text list of equipment with description technical characteristics in Access, Excel, SQL, etc.
• photographs, technical data sheets of equipment

Development of specialized Databases for CAD is useful for both design organizations and companies to manufacturers.

Benefits for designers

• Significantly reduces the time required to create drawings
• All conventional graphic images are drawn in accordance with GOST
• The database already contains all the equipment from leading manufacturers (reducing the time to select a supplier)
• Clear compliance of your drawing (3D model) with GOST and NTD
• Development of a Database according to your requirements, including only the equipment you require
• Inclusion of standard design solutions (2D or 3D) into the Database

T This service is extremely necessary for organizationswho begin to work in a design system that is new to them.At the stage of adaptation to new technology design, there is often no time and resources (employees) who couldwithin a few months, adapt CAD to the needs of your organization. Current work eats up all my timeemployees and prevents the company from fully mastering CAD.InfoSAPR employees will help you as soon as possible deadlines adapt CAD to your needs.

Benefits for producers

• Promotion of the manufacturer's company due to the fact that thousands of designers in Russia and the CIS will insert your equipment into their drawings and automatically generate a specification from it
• Increasing the status of your company in the market
• Brand recognition
• Increasing profits by expanding the target audience

InfoSAPR offers to include your production products in the Autodesk REVIT families, develop 3D models for AutoCAD, ArchiCAD,database for AutoCAD Electrical, Inventor, Plant 3D and whether another computer-aided design system depending on the directionyour activities.The availability of your company’s products will have a positive impact on the position of your company among competitors, expand the target audience, and attract additional profit.

A library (database) can and should be considered as a marketing tool tool. But not less important such librarieshave for your end clients, because for them this is real assistance in design.

Cost of services

The cost of services for developing libraries (databases) for CAD is individual in each case and depends on the complexity of the CAD, the numberrequired information and, accordingly, labor costs. The cost of developing a database is calculated depending on the volume of filling the database (piecework payment) and the time spent on entering one element of the database (temporary payment). Usually, a list of product names in Excel format is sufficient to calculate the cost.

Creating three-dimensional models is a much more labor-intensive task than projecting them onto a plane. However, 3D modeling has its advantages, which compensate for the complexity of creating such a model.

AutoCAD allows you to build three types of 3D models: surface, solid and wireframe. Each type has its own characteristics that are suitable for different situations, and they correspond to their own characteristics of creation and editing technologies. For this reason, by the way, you should not combine different types modeling.

So, a number of undoubted advantages of building three-dimensional models in AutoCAD include:

1. Convenience of working with such a model: you can view it from all sides and from any angle.
2. AutoCAD has a function for automatically generating main and additional views for a plane.
3. It is possible to construct sections on a plane.
4. With hidden line suppression and realistic shading, you get great images.
5. You can check interactions.
6. You can export a model made in AutoCAD to an animated application.
7. AutoCAD has the ability to conduct engineering analysis.
8. Finally, you can easily extract required characteristics for production.

A wireframe model is the “skeleton” of a 3D object. It consists of points, curves and segments that represent the edges that describe the object. AutoCAD allows you to create wireframe models by placing flat objects anywhere in a 3D area. This placement can be done in the following ways:

When you create an object, you enter the 3D coordinates of the points (x, y, and z);

Set up a two-dimensional coordinate system (X, Y) and indicate the construction planes on it;

If there is already a created two-dimensional object, a wireframe model is built by moving and determining its spatial orientation.

In addition to all this, AutoCAD will allow you to build 3D wireframe model objects, such as splines and 3D polylines. Each 3D model object is created separately, its placement and modeling takes a long time.

Working in AutoCAD: making drawings

This section contains drawings of parts and assemblies made in AutoCAD. All these drawings can be downloaded. But they can only be used as a sample for own development necessary documentation, both technological and design.

AutoCAD is the best offer available software product, created by Autodesk, allows you to create 3D and 2D models.

Therefore, it is not surprising that it occupies a leading position among similar computer-aided design programs, CAD. AutoCAD is used by both the architectural and mechanical engineering industries. As a graphical basis, AutoCAD is also used in a lot of CAD programs that define geometric descriptions of projects. According to a rough estimate of experts, approximately 70% of all drawings for the creation of which were created using an automated mode are based on AutoCAD.

Designing in three-dimensional space without the appropriate skills, both objects and processes. All drawings and projects created in AutoCAD are compiled into a common digital database.

The ability to change the parameterization of a drawing (structure, part), that is, depending on the new task, change the parameters of a previously created similar drawing. Possibility of making presentations and cartoons. Conveniently save paper archives in digital format, and much more.

Working with AutoCAD: blocks

All elements of the drawing are collectively called a block. Essentially for the program it is a single object at the point where you insert it. The definition of a block includes: a name, a set of elements, and a location. You may also come across the names "block description", "block reference" or "block definition". In all these cases the same thing is meant.

Such varied terminology used in AutoCAD is not accidental: it is a characteristic feature of the program. Therefore, get used to using synonyms and don’t be surprised when you see them in different places in the same description.

To create a block, use the tool of the same name, it is located in the “Drawing” panel. The block definition is saved in the drawing file by default. Even if you remove all the input elements, the definition will not go away.

You can insert ready-made elements you need into any drawing using the “insert block” tool. Actually, these same blocks can be saved in separate files, but we will consider this issue another time.

To create a block, it is preferable to use a zero layer, which allows you to create a “neutral block”. To do this, before starting work, you need to decide whether any block objects will be moved to the zero layer in advance. Actually, this is where they need to be created in order to avoid various confusion when inserting elements from those layers that differ from zero.

Actually, if you know for sure that this particular block will be inserted into the drawing on one layer, you can create it immediately where it is needed.

Set of utilities for AutoCAD - VetCAD++

These utilities are designed to make it easier for the designer to work with AutoCAD. They are intended for professional designers of industrial and civil construction, useful in both areas.

VetCAD++ is additional features for AutoCAD, including additional capabilities for generating specifications and steel consumption sheets. With them you can put down positions in the drawing, start calculations and enter them into the specification. The program allows you to design drawings taking into account all standards.

A set of VetCAD++ utilities allows you to automate the execution and execution of all construction documentation. It expands the AutoCAD functionality package, creating a more convenient design environment.

Using VetCAD++ utilities, a number of tedious and time-consuming operations will be automated and will take significantly less time to develop all the necessary construction documents (drawing up construction drawings, forming various selections and specifications).

VetCAD++ features

You will be able to draw up the drawing in full compliance with the standards (including curly brackets, welding designations according to GOST, welds, designation of holes, break lines, nodes, marks and sections).

Enter the positions by attaching the necessary parameters to them, which will facilitate their calculation and allow you to generate specifications automatically. Based on these specifications, it will be easy to generate a steel consumption sheet.

Products such as meshes and frames (MCF) will be drawn and entered into an automatic database in order to facilitate their further use in specifications.

You will create a database of the necessary drawings, components and parts yourself, which is constantly updated and you will be able to edit texts in the built-in text editor. Statistics about the length of lines, polylines, the number of blocks, splines and arcs, as well as the sums and quantities of text primitives will be automatically read from the drawing.

To work with materials in AutoCAD, you use the MATERIALS palette, which contains all the controls necessary to create and configure material parameters.

1. Run the tool Materials(Materials) by selecting the command from the menu View ⇒ Toning ⇒ Materials(View ⇒ Render ⇒ Materials) or by clicking the button Materials(Materials) toolbars Toning(Render), or by entering the command in the command window MATERIALS(MATERIALS) or simply MAT(MAT).
2. The MATERIALS palette will appear on the screen. The palette displays material properties by default Global(Global), which can be created based on the template Realistic(Realistic) – fig. 4.4. The MATERIALS palette is a very powerful and flexible tool for creating and customizing materials, so we will study its controls gradually and to the extent necessary to solve a specific problem.

Rice. 4.4. Palette "MATERIALS" with a blank for a new material

1. Click the button Creating a new material(Create New Material), which is located under the viewing area for material samples of the current drawing Materials available on the drawing(Available Materials in Drawing). In line Name(Name) of the window that appears Creating a new material(Create New Material) enter the name of the new material “RC PANEL”. If you want, you can enter a description of the material in the line Explanation(Description), although this is not required. To create the material "RC PANEL" click on the button OK.

   Material Global(Global) it makes sense to modify only if the vast majority of objects in the three-dimensional drawing are made of the same material. In other cases, it is better to leave the material Global(Global) unchanged.

2. The appearance of the "MATERIALS" palette will change - a new material "RC PANEL" will appear in it with the properties set by default for the template Realistic(Realistic) – fig. 4.5.

Rice. 4.5. Palette "MATERIALS" with parameters of the new material "RC PANEL"

1. Leave the template selected Realistic(Realistic) and check the box By object(By Object) parameter Diffuse(Diffuse). This option controls the base color of the material, which can be adjusted by clicking the adjacent color swatch. However, if the checkbox is checked By object(By Object), the appearance of the object is determined not by the color of the material itself, but by the properties of the object (therefore, when this checkbox is selected, the color sample of the parameter Diffuse(Diffuse) will disappear). In other words, if an object is assigned a material for which the checkbox was selected By object(By Object) but no texture has been assigned, such an object will appear with the color you selected for the corresponding layer, not the color of the material. Since it is much easier to control the color of objects than the color of materials, the author recommends that when creating new materials you always check the By object(By Object).
2. If necessary, scroll through the list of controls found in the Material editor – RC PANEL(Material Editor - RC PANEL) palette "MATERIALS", and find the section in it Scattering texture(Diffuse map) (it is located directly below the slider Self-luminescence(Self-Illumination)). Check the box if necessary Scattering texture(Diffuse map) in order to enable the texturing mode of objects to which the “RC PANEL” material will be assigned. To set the actual texture, select from the section list Scattering texture(Diffuse map) element Texture(Texture Map) and click on the button below it Image selection(Select).
3. Find using the window that opens Selecting an image file(Select Image File) on the disk folder with the library of standard AutoCAD textures, select the Concrete.Precast Structural Concrete.Smooth.jpg texture in this folder and click on the button OK to assign this texture to the material "RC PANEL" is shown in Fig. 4.6: in the area preview you will see how the selected material will look with the current parameters; button name Image selection(Select) will be replaced by the first letters of the texture file name (in this case – Concrete.Preca...); icons for adjusting and deleting textures will appear to the right of the renamed button, and to the left there will be a slider for adjusting texture diffusion and the main color of the material.

Rice. 4.6. The material "RC PANEL" is assigned the standard texture of the AutoCAD material library

In the Russian version of AutoCAD 2007, by default, textures are located in the System_folder:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\ Autodesk\AutoCAD 2007\R17.0\rus\Textures. For more information about the location of installed textures, see the Texture Search Folder section of the Files tab of the Options dialog box.

In some cases it makes sense to not check the box mentioned above By object(By Object). For example, if you want to create a material that should look like concrete with a reddish tint, clear this checkbox, adjust the desired shade of red for the parameter Diffuse(Diffuse), assign a concrete texture to the material, and then move the slider in the section Scattering texture(Diffuse map), achieve the desired balance of red color and texture pattern.

1. To assign a new material to a drawing object, click the Apply Material to Objects button located on the MATERIALS palette under the preview area. AutoCAD will enter object selection mode, displaying a prompt in the command window.
2. Click on one of the edges of the wall object and press Enter to complete your selection.
3. To make sure that the RC Wall object is actually assigned the material "RC PANEL", click on any of the edges of the object, then right-click and select from the appeared context menu team Properties(Properties). You can also select the command from the menu Edit ⇒ Properties(Modify ⇒ Properties) or click on the button Properties(Properties) of the Standard toolbar, or enter the command in the command window PROPERTIES(PROPERTIES) or simply C.A.(PR).
4. After making sure that the palette that appears PROPERTIES(PROPERTIES) in the section 3D visualization(3D Visualization) property Materials(Materials) matters RC PANEL(Fig. 4.7), click on the buttons to close the “PROPERTIES” and “MATERIALS” palettes, and then click the button Esc to deselect the object representing the walls of the room in the drawing.

Rice. 4.7. The selected object is assigned the material "RC PANEL"

1. To configure rendering parameters, click the button Additional Rendering Options(Advanced Render Settings) toolbars Toner(Render) or select the command from the menu View ⇒ Rendering ⇒ Advanced Rendering Options(View ⇒ Render ⇒ Advanced Render Settings), or enter the command in the command window MODE(RPREF) or simply RT(RPR).
2. In the ADVANCED RENDER SETTINGS palette that opens, select the mode from the top list of preset rendering modes Average(Medium) and set the parameter to Purpose(Destination) groups Are common(General) meaning Viewport(Viewport) – fig. 4.8 to redirect the rendering results not to a separate window, but directly to the drawing area.

Rice. 4.8. Redirecting rendering output to the drawing area

1. Close the ADVANCED RENDER SETTINGS palette by clicking its close button and launch the tool Toner(Render) by clicking on the button Toner(Render) toolbars Toner(Render) or by selecting the command from the menu View ⇒ Toning ⇒ Toning(View ⇒ Render ⇒ Render), or by entering the command in the command window TINTING(RENDER) or simply TONE(RR).

   Button Toner(Render) is also available on the “ADVANCED RENDER SETTINGS” palette, so you can render without closing the latter.

2. After a short delay while AutoCAD creates the image from the square elements, you will see a rendering result similar to the one shown in Figure 1 in the drawing area. 4.9.

Rice. 4.9. First render result

By default, rendering is done on a black background. The author had to adjust the rendering so that the background was white, based solely on the requirements of the printing industry. On my own background color does not in any way affect the quality of rendering or its execution. We'll return to setting the rendering background in the next chapter when we talk about creating named views, but for now, render without paying attention to the background of the resulting image.

As can be seen from the obtained result, there is absolutely no texture pattern on the object, which was visible even in the preview area of ​​the MATERIALS palette - see, for example, Fig. 4.7. This is due to the fact that the material parameters are not configured. In our case, we do not see an imitation of the surface of a reinforced concrete slab, but an imitation of a wall covered with fine concrete mosaics. To eliminate this defect, you need to adjust the size of the texture to the size of the object. In addition, the image of the object appears unrealistic because, as noted, by default, any AutoCAD document uses two light sources aimed at the center of the drawing area from behind the viewer's left and right shoulder. The main purpose of using these lighting sources is not to make the image realistic, but to provide a minimum level of illumination sufficient for visual recognition of edges that are located on different planes. Finally, our object does not cast shadows, which also significantly reduces the effect of realism in the image.

Blocks, when working in AutoCAD, optimize and speed up the execution of drawings by about 30-40%.

In this article you can download for yourself ready-made blocks of various furniture, trees and plants, cars, plumbing equipment, etc. These blocks are especially suitable for making architectural drawings and will be useful for architects and designers.

Let's look at the blocks of trees and plants first. One file contains blocks of plants and trees, as well as flowers, which are drawn in the drawing, both in plan and in profile.

This file archived, which you can download by following the link:

The file was saved in the 2007 version of AutoCAD so that there are no problems opening it in other versions. In the drawing you will find about 304 blocks. Archive size: 6.44 MB.

For those who need blocks of people, cars and landscaping elements

The file contains a large number of blocks (total quantity - 330 pcs.). To download them, follow the link:

The file has dwg format and placed in an archive whose size is about 5.00 MB.

And for a complete set, I suggest you download a huge collection of furniture and plumbing blocks. The entire library contains 719 blocks and is collected in one file (dwg drawing). This file is zipped and has a size (archive) of 3.34 MB