Microsoft access presentation. Computer Science Presentation "Microsoft ACCESS Database Management System"
Databases: concept, basic elements. A database is an information model that allows you to store data in an orderly manner. Software designed to work with databases is called a database management system (DBMS). In a hierarchical database, records are ordered in a certain sequence, like rungs of a ladder, and data can be searched for by successive “descent” from rung to rung. A relational database is a two-dimensional table. Elements of a relational database: Table columns are called fields: each field is characterized by its name and data type (text, number, date, boolean, counter) Table rows are records about an object. A database entry is a table row containing a set of values for a certain property. Database classification: By the nature of the information stored: - Factual (file cabinets), - Documentary (archives) By the method of data storage: - Centralized (stored on one computer), - Distributed ( used in local and global computer networks). According to the structure of data organization: - Tabular (relational), - Hierarchical,
Steinbakh Svetlana Evgenievna
Target:
- learn about the modern Access 2010 DBMS, master the Access interface and basic information about creating forms in Access 2010.
Tasks:
- To study the purpose of Access 2010, the types of database objects.
- Learn how to create a new database
- Learn the techniques for creating independent forms that database users should use
- Learn how to make corrections to handicaps and edit their content in the Design mode and in the Wizard mode.
This work allows you to get acquainted with the purpose and main types of MS Access DBMS objects, as well as study in more detail one of the database objects - forms.
DBMS Access 2010 is a collection of data and objects related to a specific task and representing a complete system.
Access works with the following types of objects:
tables contain data, display rows and columns in a familiar format. In Access terminology, rows are called records and columns are called fields. Therefore, all columns of the table have field names (the first row of the table). Rows contain data in the formats that the developer assigns to them. Therefore, when defining a relational database (table), they say that it is represented as a set of records of the same type. The database usually consists of several tables, united by means of so-called relations. Relationships make information from one table available to another, thus ensuring data integrity.
Forms - this is a variant of presenting a single record on a computer screen, which allows the user to sequentially view information from a table, search and quickly access any record, as well as perform data correction operations in records and create new records (to replenish the table). In fact, the form can be considered as a kind of user interface when working with tables.
Requests – is nothing more than a data management tool. Queries can retrieve data from one or more related tables, perform logical and arithmetic operations above the data, group the data into new tables according to certain criteria.
Reports - a tool for preparing output files. It should be noted that the word report is strongly associated with the word "print", however, the reporting environment in Access allows you to generate final product in a virtual form. Any output form can be displayed on paper or on a computer screen in a convenient presentation of data using the means of formatting, summarizing, filtering and graphical conversion into histograms and charts.
Macros - these are the simplest programs that allow you to perform certain actions when accessing pre-created queries, forms, reports. In Access, a macro is not created using the macro recorder, but is assigned by the developer. That is, to create a macro, you must turn to the design mode, in which you can select the action and arguments of the macro.
Module - contains one or more procedures written in the language Visual Basic for Application. With the help of modules, you can solve a wide class of problems of searching and transforming information in a database.
Forms - This is a variant of the presentation on the computer screen of one record.
- Forms allow you to display data contained in tables or queries in a more readable way.
- Using forms, you can add new data to tables, edit or delete existing ones.
- Forms can contain drawings, graphs, photos and other objects.
The database is developed so that its contents and capabilities are used by representatives of various departments of the organization. They are interested in a convenient interface that allows you to view data, update it, find certain fragments using standard queries or more intelligent tools.
- In Access 2010, a form is a standalone object that is stored within the database. When designing a database, you should take advantage of the various ways to create a form, which are offered on the "Create" tab of the Access panel.
- Depending on the problem statement, the developer chooses the option of creating a user interface for working with database data. The fastest way to create forms are:
- using the form wizard
- self-creation of the form using the Constructor
- self-creation of the form in the Empty form mode.
- On the "Create" tab of the database panel, left-click on the icon.
- In the window that opens, transfer the fields to the right window that are required in the form.
- In the next step, select the form of data presentation
- Give the form a name
- Run the form for execution. The form displays the data of only one record, at the bottom there is a navigator window, which indicates the number of selected records and the number of the record being viewed.
The inconvenience of using the Form Wizard is that all the fields that were set for output are designed without the participation of the developer. Therefore, you will have to enter the correction mode to bring appearance form to the form that satisfies the developer. Of course, the convenience of using the Wizard lies in the speed of creating the form.
- To create a form using the Designer on the panel, click on the icon [ Add fields ] , a list of fields will appear to the left of the form.
- The transfer of the necessary field names to the form is carried out by grabbing the left mouse button of the field name in the "Field List" window, followed by dragging it to the form.
- Dimensions, information presentation style, color scheme, position and other properties can be changed using the "Format" shortcut or the properties window.
- Please note that in the form that is used to view the data, there is a toolbar at the bottom that allows you to scroll through the records from the form, as well as enter search instructions into the "Search" window to quickly find the required record.
The created form in Design mode allows you to supplement the source table with data only if it contains fields controlled in the source table.
- It is convenient to design a form to add records to a table or make changes to data based on an empty form. The design of which begins by clicking the left mouse button on the icon on the "Create" tab.
- Create an empty form, from the "Fields List" window, transfer all the necessary table fields to the form.
- Change the design of the created form, this can be done different ways, for example, open the Home tab and use the Text Formatting panel, highlighting the required field. Another formatting method is to use the Design mode, to do this, switch to this mode by clicking on the icon located at the bottom of the form (on the right). You can also use the third method, stay in the layout mode (icon), and open the properties window, in which you can change the parameters of the form and elements on it.
- Save the form with a name
- Microsoft Access 2010 is simplicity. Access2010 will allow you to work with data as efficiently as possible - you do not need to be a database specialist for this. With newly added databases, this application improves data interaction, making it easier to track data, sharing and creating reports.
Literature
- S.V. Odinochkin. Database development in Microsoft Access 2010 - St. Petersburg: NRU ITMO, 2012. - 83p.
- EAT. Karchevsky, I.E. Filippov, Access 2010 in examples, tutorial.
- http://pavlov-rags.narod.ru/Accsess2010/HTML_doc/
MS Office Access Interface
Microsoft Office Access 2010
A database in Access is the set of all the tables, queries, forms, reports, macros, and modules that make up a complete system.
DB objects - tables, queries, forms, reports, macros and modules. In addition, the Access application contains several other objects, including relationships, database properties, and import and export specifications.
You can use Access to manage all the data in one file. You can use the following elements in an Access database file:
tables for saving data;
queries to search and extract only the necessary data;
forms for viewing, adding and changing data in tables;
reports to analyze and print data in a specific format.
Microsoft Access database files
Report Form
Microsoft Access database files
1. Data is stored once in one table but viewed from different locations. When data changes, they are automatically updated wherever they appear.
4. Data display and printing is carried out using a report.
Tables and relationships
Table - data storage; this is the starting point when creating an application. Whether the data is stored in an Access database or is referenced by an application by linking external tables, all other Access objects refer directly or indirectly to tables.
Requests
A query helps you find and retrieve data that meets specified conditions, including data from multiple tables. A query can also be used to update or delete multiple records at once, and to perform predefined or custom calculations based on data.
- Program definition;
- Purpose and functions;
- Objects;
- Data types;
- Program menu;
- Ways to create objects;
- Object examples.
On modern personal computers, relational DBMS are most widely used. ACCESS.
Application Microsoft Access- this is desktop system relational database management ( DBMS), designed to work on a standalone personal computer(PC) or local computer network operated by a family of operating Microsoft systems Windows).
DBMS Microsoft Access has powerful, convenient and flexible means of visual design of objects with the help of Wizards, which allows the user with minimal preliminary preparation to quickly create a full-fledged information system at the level of tables, queries, forms and reports.
Databases have the extension .mdb.
MAIN DB OBJECTS
Table – an object designed to store data in the form of records and fields.
The form – an object designed to facilitate data entry.
Request – an object that allows you to get the necessary data from one or more tables.
Report – object for printing data.
ANY TABLE CAN BE PRESENTED IN TWO MODES:
In mode tables, designed for data entry, viewing and editing.
In mode constructor , designed to create a table structure, change the data type, change the table structure (adding and deleting fields).
ORGANIZATION OF WORK WITH TABLES
Table- the main (basic) database object. All other objects are created based on existing tables.
- AT tables all data available in the database is stored; As well as tables
- AT tables all data available in the database is stored;
- As well as tables store the database structure (fields, their types and properties)
There are the following request creation modes:
- In master mode.
- In constructor mode.
In mode constructor. A window appears on the screen, a new request, which lists all the ways in creating a request. It:
- Constructor.
- Simple request.
- Cross request.
- Recurring entries.
- Records without subordinates.
ORGANIZATION OF WORK WITH REQUESTS
Request is a database object that allows you to perform basic data processing operations:
- sorting
- filtration,
- combining data from different sources,
- data transformation
- save the results with a certain name in order to use them later as needed.
- The form It is the most convenient means viewing and data entry.
- The form is created on the basis of already developed tables and may include not only one, but also several related tables.
- Most fast way creation forms- with the help of a wizard.
- The form can have a tabular view, but most often they use a tape one - each object has a separate card.
- Report– the possibility of creating various forms of presentation of output information.
- Convenience of computer reports lies in the fact that they allow you to group information according to given criteria, enter the final fields for counting records by groups throughout the database.
- Report is a convenient form of information presentation for printing.
DATABASE PROTECTION
Access has the best protection system among all desktop DBMS. The built-in wizard allows you to create groups, users, assign access rights to all objects, including modules. Each user can be given an individual password.
The protection system is available both visually and programmatically.
Microsoft Access is the most popular desktop database management system today. Her success has a lot to do with her inclusion in the family. Microsoft office. This software Designed for both beginners and advanced users
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Presentation on the topic:
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slide number 3
Description of the slide:
As a rule, the database exists independently of individual programs. The separation of data from programs allows different programs use the same data for their own purposes. The ideological value of the database is explained by the fact that they are based on the concept information model data, that is, some abstraction of data representation. Information in the database is organized in different ways. There are three main structures for presenting data in a database: hierarchical (tree-like); network relational (tabular).
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Data representation structures in the database Hierarchical Relational Network In most cases, relational databases are used, in which data is presented in the form of linked files consisting of records. The structure of all records in the files is the same, and the number of records in a file is variable. The data elements that make up each record are called fields. One record contains information about one object of that real system, the model of which is presented in the table. Entry 1 Entry 2
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The fields are various characteristics(attributes) of the object. Field values refer to one object. Because all records have the same fields (with different values), it is convenient to give fields unique names. The records are distinguished by the value of the keys. The main key in the database is called a field (a set of fields), the value of which is not repeated in different records. Very often, the record number in order is used as the master key. Each field has one very important property associated with it - the type of the field. The type defines the set of values that a given field can take on different records. The type of value determines the actions that can be performed with it. There are four main types of fields used in relational databases: numeric (integer and real), character, date, boolean.
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Example 1. Describe the structure of the database "Television program for the week" In the table for the "Channel" field, an integer numeric type is used, and for the "Time" field - a real type.
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By itself, the database cannot serve the user's requests for information search and processing. The database is just a "warehouse" where information is stored. The role of the "storekeeper" in this warehouse is performed by special software systems called database management systems (DBMS). All DBMSs support four basic operations in one form or another: add one or more records to the database; remove one or more records from the database; find one or more records in the database that meet the specified condition; update the value of some fields in the database.
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Most DBMS support, in addition, the mechanism of links between various files included in the database. For example, a link can be established explicitly when the value of some fields is a link to another file, such DBMS are called network DBMS, or the link can be established implicitly, for example, by matching field values in different files. Such DBMS are called relational. A relational database makes it easier to find, analyze, maintain, and protect data because it is stored in one place. MS Access is a functionally complete DBMS of a relational type, in which all the tools and capabilities typical of modern DBMSs are reasonably balanced.
slide number 9
Description of the slide:
Questions for self-control What is a database? What data structure is used in a database? What is special about a relational database? What is the convenience of tabular presentation of information? How is the data structure described in a relational database? What is a record, record field? What information do they contain? Define the following concepts: field name, field value, field type. What are the types of fields? What is a DBMS? What is the purpose of this type software? What DBMS are called relational? What are the main functions of a DBMS? What type of DBMS is Access?
