How to set up satellite yourself. Setting up a satellite dish

System satellite television is a supply complex whose main purpose is to receive television programs. This broadcasting is carried out using special communication satellites located in geostationary orbits. Their location is near the equator.

This type of television is becoming more common. And millions of families own satellite dishes. To install and connect them, they most often enlist the help of professionals. But even an ordinary person can set up satellite dishes. You don't need to have any special skills or knowledge to do this. It's not such a difficult matter self-configuration satellite dish, the price of which, even without paying for the services of a specialist, is significant for an ordinary person.

Choosing a satellite

Once the decision has been made to independently install and configure a satellite dish, you need to decide on a satellite. This means that you need to select an operator for this type of television whose signal it will receive.

The name of this television arose due to the fact that a whole system of orbital satellites in space is used to provide it. They broadcast the signal received from television stations to vast areas located on Earth.

Satellite dishes are a kind of receiver. After receiving the signal, it is reflected onto the collecting head, which is called a convector. He transmits it to the receiver - a device for tuning satellite dishes and decoding. And only after passing through all these stages does it appear on the TV screen in the form of image and sound.

Types and placement of satellites

There are 2 types of satellites. Some are used for broadcasting open channels, others - coded. There are cases when the owners of the equipment on the satellite are different operators. Then, setting up a satellite dish yourself involves purchasing a special card in order to separately decode each channel. But in most cases, a group of channels makes up a package. And to restore access to them, it is enough to have one single card.

Russian-language channels are broadcast from different satellites. They are located at different latitudes and meridians. To ensure signal reception from the selected source, you need to point the antenna precisely at it and correctly set the receiving frequency. If the selected satellites are separated by a significant distance, you can receive a signal from them using just one antenna.

During the selection process, you need to consider whether it is possible to point your antenna at a specific signal source. If any objects (neighboring buildings, trees, etc.) will create significant interference with its flow, you need to install it on the roof of the house. If this is not possible, you should try to tune the antenna to other satellites located in the visibility zone.

Equipment

It is not difficult to guess that one antenna and its signal are not enough. In order to set up a satellite dish with your own hands, you need to have, correct installation and setting up the whole system satellite equipment. It can be purchased at a specialty store.

Basic elements for assembly:

1. An antenna, more often called a “dish”. Its diameter is from 0.7 m to 1.2 m. Its purpose is to shape the received beam into focus.
2. The most expensive part is the receiver. Its choice must be approached with special care and responsibility, because broadcasting is divided into two formats: mpeg2 and mpeg4. The second one is much better.
3. The head, which is a convector. Their number can vary from 1 to 3. Depending on the number of satellites - one for each. They must be universal with a linear type of polarization.
4. 2 fastenings (multi-feeds).
5. Converter switch - disk. Its presence is due to the fact that the tuner assumes the simultaneous reception of a signal from only one satellite. And the disek - a device for tuning satellite antennas - ensures their switching in the case when 2 or more are used.
6. Coaxial cable with a resistance of 75 ohms. Its quantity must be calculated so that there is a reserve of 3-5 meters.
7. Plugs used to make the connection (F-connectors).
8. Bracket and dowels.

Required Tools

Do-it-yourself installation and configuration of a satellite dish is carried out with the following tools:

• extension cord for at least 3 outlets;
• drill or hammer drill (used to secure the bracket with dowels);
• 10 and 13 mm wrenches;
• Phillips screwdriver;
• hammer;
• insulating tape or plastic ties.

Build process

The correct setting of satellite dishes depends on the choice of location for their installation. In this case, several nuances need to be taken into account. In order for a signal to be received from a satellite, it must be able to easily reach the receiving mirror. Therefore, it is necessary to install the antenna as high as possible. Rooftops are ideal for this.

Program for setting up a satellite antenna "Satellite Antenna Alignment"

In order to correctly calculate the elevation (elevation angle) and azimuth of all satellites separately, use the Satellite program. It differs from other similar services in that it determines these characteristics for all satellites simultaneously. You can immediately see which satellites are available at a given antenna location and which are not.

But here the calculation is purely theoretical. But in practice, many factors and interferences need to be taken into account. But this program for setting up a satellite dish helps to more accurately estimate the position.

Features of modern tuners, their settings

Most of the tuners that are on sale are already wired with channels. Therefore, there is no need to scan and sort them. This provides more convenient and simpler setup.

To implement it, you need to connect a TV and a satellite receiver to electrical network. Then you need to turn on the required channel on the Astra, because the satellite antenna will be tuned to the satellite at its focus (in other words, at its center).

After this, press the “Info” button on the remote control. When the required channels are not available on the satellite, you need to edit the transponder frequencies. If they are not registered there, you need to do it yourself. When you drive them into the scales on the screen, you can determine the strength and quality of the signal.

Some nuances associated with connecting the antenna

There are several important points in this process. For example, you need to properly and thoroughly strip the cable. You must also be very careful when connecting the F-connector, since otherwise a short circuit between the braid and the central core may occur. In the worst case, the receiver will be damaged.

No less important is correct connection cable to the desired LNB_IN output.

If you connect the entire assembly, you can configure the disk ports. But this is a more difficult independent setup of a satellite dish.

Satellite setup process

Now the antenna is located approximately correctly and turned in the expected direction of the satellite. You need to go to the settings of the receiver (tuner) and select the appropriate satellite there. After this, you should specify the correct frequency, speed and polarization for it. For example, for the Sirius satellite these indicators are 11766, 2750 and N, respectively.

Then you can see two bars on the screen. The first will show that the signal is caught by the dish, and the second will show its power. If the satellite dish is installed correctly, the signal level should be more than 40%. You just need to increase the quality value, which at this stage is within 0.

If it is not possible to simultaneously adjust the antenna and watch the TV screen, you need to enlist the help of an assistant. He will be responsible for correcting your actions. Then setting up satellite dishes will not take much time, but will be done quite quickly and with better quality.

First you need to turn the plate completely to the right side up. From this position, you need to slowly rotate it to the left and continuously monitor the strength of the signal on the TV screen.

If this attempt to capture a signal is unsuccessful, you need to lower the satellite dish a few millimeters down and repeat it all over again.

Setting up satellite dishes involves painstakingly searching for a signal using manual adjustment.

"Tricolor-TV"

Setting up the Tricolor satellite dish is practically no different from other analogues:

Independent connection of the antenna for receiving "Telecard TV"

Before purchasing the “Telecard TV” kit in a specialized store, you should decide what diameter the plate should be. In this case, you need to take into account your location relative to the satellite. The size of its diameter can vary from 60 to 90 cm.

The Telekarta TV satellite dish is configured for the Intelsat-15 satellite. If it is not in the list of your receiver, you need to enter its data yourself:

• converter frequency - 10600
• food - incl.

Then you should check the characteristics of the transponder: the frequency should be 12640 MHz, the symbol rate should be 30000, FEC - 5/6, vertical polarization type and broadcast format - MPEG2, DVB-S.

After starting the search, the receiver should find 18 channels. The "Telecard TV" package does not contain high-definition HD channels, so when connecting it to more modern TV models, you need to take into account HD satellite receivers. They convert the satellite signal and “show” a clearer image when receiving Telecard TV.

"Adjusting" the signal level

In order to fix the antenna position, the signal quality indicator must be at least 20%. Now you can lightly turn it in both directions in order to achieve the minimum, which is 40%.

But this is far from the end of this painstaking and difficult work. In order for the entire system to work correctly, 60-80% quality is needed. This can only be achieved by manipulating the convector. To do this, turn it clockwise or counterclockwise until the signal level becomes satisfactory.

Then you need to adjust side convectors(if any). It is much easier to configure additional heads, since the main one already fully performs its functions. For each of them, you need to indicate the corresponding satellite and pick up the signal. This process is similar to that carried out with the main head.

Now all that's left to do is set up the satellite dish channels and adjust the TV itself. To do this, you should organize all the channels - arrange them in a way that will be convenient for each owner. Some may need to be removed or blocked. This process is individual for each user.

A satellite dish at home or in the country has already become commonplace, like an iron or an electric kettle. People are installing their own antenna for a good picture on their TV. The article and video will give you instructions for installation yourself.

Assembling the kit

When choosing a plate, the key is its diameter. For home reception in the southern regions, an antenna mirror with a diameter of 0.6 m is sufficient. In the northern regions, for stable signal the diameter of the device increases to 1.2 m. A large mirror provides a signal of better quality, but it is more difficult for them to “catch” a satellite than for small ones. A satellite dish only at first glance looks like a complex structure. You can assemble and install it yourself. Your plate kit should consist of the following parts:

Attention! Rely on a consultant or seller when choosing a receiver, converter, etc. He will suggest a model based on your needs and price. The entire set can also be purchased as a set.

Antenna installation

First of all, decide on the future location of the antenna. When planning, it is important to leave open space in the desired directions where the antenna will be turned, so that the signal path is not blocked by trees or buildings. There is no need to coordinate the installation of satellite equipment with any authorities. If we are talking about the roof or load-bearing wall of a multi-story building, inform the balance holder of the house about your intentions. IN otherwise conflicts are possible in the future.

During the assembly process you may need the following tool:

• impact drill or hammer drill with a set of drills;
• keys for 10 and 13;
• "nippers";
• screwdriver;

It is better to assemble the plate with all the “stuffing” at home and only then attach it to the wall. The instructions will most often clearly explain what is connected to what, and the tools will help you. After this, you can begin installation.

Antenna installation

The metal bracket on the wall must be fixed strictly vertically and held tightly. An anchor or a bolt - it doesn’t matter, the main thing is the safety and durability of the antenna. Otherwise, in windy weather the signal quality will decrease. After installation, you need to fine-tune the heads and connect them correctly to the DiseqC switch so that the settings in the tuner match the connection in the antenna. The disek will last longer if you cover it with a cut-off plastic bottle.

Antenna setup

To set up the antenna, you need to calculate the satellite azimuth and elevation angle. An ordinary compass and formula will help you calculate them. In order not to fool their heads, developers came up with smartphone applications, for example, Satfinder. An azimuth calculator can be easily found on the Internet along with a map of approximate satellite coordinates relative to your area. The search engine will also help you with the exact coordinates of your locality. All received water data must be entered into the formula, and the program will tell you about the azimuth and tilt angle of your antenna.

Vertical offset plates already have a curvature angle; its value can be found in the instructions. Fix the antenna firmly, but so that it can move with light force, and point it towards the satellite, taking into account the calculated data. A TV is required to tune the antenna. DiseqC is connected to the tuner (LNB IN input) by cable. Most often, this can be done using either a SCART connector or an RCA output (“tulip”). Communication with DiseqC must only be carried out with the power switched off.

Advice. Manual setting Antennas in relation to satellites are a delicate matter. It is inconvenient to raise the TV to a height, so adapt gadgets: a phone, car radio or tablet, which together with the tuner will provide a picture already on the roof.

After connecting to the network, the receiver should show no signal on the screen. To configure, you need to enter the receiver menu (usually the code is 0000) and find the satellite you need. You need to tune in to a strong satellite transponder: indicate the frequency, polarization, indicate the symbol rate, fec. A strong one is often the one from which several channels are broadcast. If after these manipulations the signal scales twitch to high levels, you have calculated correctly. Now you just need to slightly adjust the signal by rotating the antenna, no more than 10 mm in azimuth and angle.

Special programs will help you tune the antenna

If the quality leaves much to be desired, start searching manually. The sector for this is usually selected in this way: by elevation +/-10°, by azimuth +/-15°. It is necessary to rotate from the extreme corner, pausing for 2-3 seconds. after 4-5 mm. After successfully “catching” all the satellites, do not forget to isolate the connectors from external factors (for example, rubber) and carefully secure the cable along the way to the tuner.

How to install and configure a satellite dish: video

Satellite dish: photo

In any group, be it large or small, in a student group, in a school class, in a word, wherever people live or work, in addition to their first and last names, for some reason they assign nicknames to each other. Whether it’s because it’s shorter or more fun, I don’t know. In our village, many people also have such nicknames.

I won’t write about other people’s nicknames here, but I’ll say it for myself – here behind my back they call me TELESPUTNIK. This is because I repair TVs and stuff. household appliances, and also very often install and configure satellite dishes.

I’ll tell you how to quickly and correctly set up any satellite dish at minimal cost using the Tricolor satellite as an example.

First, a little economics.
When purchasing a set of satellite equipment, the seller will definitely offer you the services of specialists (usually his friends) to install it, because the vast majority of buyers do not know how to install satellite dishes.

With the cost of equipment sets, for example, 9...10 thousand rubles (Tricolor), or 5...8 thousand rubles. (Telecard), the cost of installation services in our area ranges from 1.5 thousand rubles to 2.5 thousand rubles, depending on the complexity of the installation work. Not 15 kopecks, however.

And in order to install an antenna in a rural area, you will also have to pay for the technician’s travel there and back, at the rate of approximately 7...8 rubles. per kilometer, because he will come to you not by bus, but with his tools and instruments in his car. And then the cost of installing a satellite dish increases significantly.

That’s why they turn to me, because I do it cheaper, and I don’t charge money for the journey...

For self-installation satellite dish you will need the following.

1. Set of satellite equipment (dish, receiver, converter, antenna wire)
2. Sat Finder antenna tuning device (any brand and model)
3. Adapters, F-connectors, 2 pcs.
4. Three self-clamping anchor bolts M6 X 120..150 mm, if the walls of the house are stone
5. Three large bolts - wood self-tapping screw M6 X 150...200 mm, if the walls are wooden
6. Hammer, if the walls are stone
7. Wrenches or adjustable wrenches, 10, 13, 14, 17 (depending on the bolts)
8. Compass.
9. A piece of antenna wire 1.5..2 meters

And now, as expected, a little theory. In order to understand what needs to be done and why.

There are many satellites in the sky (or rather, in space). They hang there motionless, in geostationary orbit, rotating with the earth, at a distance of approximately 36,000 km, and naturally, are not visible. Each satellite is located in its own point of space assigned only to it. The location of each satellite is precisely known, it is immutable, and is very accurately maintained. In order to understand how the satellites are located and where they are, imagine...a rainbow. The satellites are located above the horizon in approximately the same arc, from its left edge to the right. Depending on where in our large country you live, you will be able to “see” with your antennas a little more or a little less of different satellites.

Each satellite has its own name, like a name. For example, the Tricolor satellite, to which we will tune our antenna, was previously called Evtelsat W4 36E, now it is called Express AMU-1 - 36E. And Tricolor is just the trade name of the organization transmitting the signal through this satellite. Telekarta (Continent TV), for example, has another satellite, Intelsat15 85E.

In addition, the name of the satellite usually contains a number, for example, 36E, 85E, 90E, 5W, 9W, which indicates the longitude over which it hangs, that is, the approximate direction to this satellite on the horizon.

But in our case, the sun and compass will be used to determine the direction to the satellite.

First of all, before installing the antenna, you need to decide on which side of the house it should be installed. For the area where I live (Bashkortostan, 56 degrees east longitude) and the Tricolor satellite, this will be the southern side, approximately the place from which the sun is clearly visible from 12 to 14 o'clock in the afternoon. There should be no interference in the form of trees, roofs, or high-voltage power lines between you and the sun (satellite). The height of installation of the antenna on the wall does not matter; mount it where it is more convenient for you to adjust it, just so that the antenna does not interfere with the driveway or passage. For example, I have one of the antennas standing directly on the ground, on an iron stand. I don’t recommend placing an antenna on the roof; you’ll be tortured to climb later if something happens to it. Naturally, the dish should not be mounted under the edge of the roof either, so that rain, snow and ice do not subsequently fall on the antenna. It should be possible to rotate the antenna when adjusting to the left and right as widely as possible.
Here's an example of what it looks like.

Now about the plate. In fact, it is not exactly a plate, rather it is a part of it, slightly compressed from the sides and elongated. Such a dish is egg-shaped and is called offset; it works like a crooked mirror, not only collecting, but also REFLECTING radio waves from the satellite to the receiving converter.

Therefore, the procedure for adjusting the position of the plate is approximately the same as if you came to a shooting range and began to aim at the target, standing with your back to it, through a mirror.

Before the dish itself, with the receiving converter, is attached to the wall of the house, you need to more accurately determine the direction to the satellite. For now it will be approximately, according to the compass. I repeat once again, for my area it will be an azimuth of 204 degrees. Let me remind you, if anyone doesn’t remember: to take azimuth, you need to set the compass so that its arrow points to the north, and below it is the zero mark of its scale. Without moving the compass, find 204 degrees on the scale and note this direction on the ground. Let it be in the direction of some tree, building, bush, stone, or whatever you have.

High precision is not required here, everything is approximately. After this, stand at the place where the antenna will be installed and look carefully in this direction at the sky, at an angle to the horizon of approximately 20...25 degrees. The Tricolor satellite is located somewhere there. There should be no obstacles in this direction in the form of roofs, trees, branches, poles, or power lines. This is where you attach your plate.

If the wall of the house is wooden, then the process of attaching the plate should be treated with special care, making sure that the screws get into the supporting structure of the house, into a beam, into a log or into a partition. If you simply screw a plate onto boards or onto a lathing, then when the humidity changes (summer - autumn - winter - spring), the wood will swell a little or shrink a little, the plate will move, and the signal will disappear. This has happened many times in my practice.

The accuracy of the installation of the satellite dish greatly affects the quality of reception; the permissible vibration or error here is no more than 3 (three!) millimeters.

After the plate is secured, first set the position of the mirror strictly vertically, level or plumb, and then tilt it back a little by 1.5..2 centimeters. Do not overtighten the bolts on the plate mounting.

This photo clearly shows how far the plate needs to be tilted.

Connect the receiver to the TV as indicated in its instructions. Turn it on. The receiver will enter channel search mode. Don't press anything, leave it as is. Connect the antenna wire from the dish to the receiver. Then, outside, connect the wire coming from the receiver using F-connectors to the Sat Finder device, connect another wire, prepared in advance, short, to the converter on the plate. An approximate view of wire cutting in the figure.

If there are no breaks or short circuits in the wiring, then the scale backlight will light up. This means that food is reaching the plate. By rotating the sensitivity control of the device, make sure that the device begins to crackle a little from interference (but not squeak).

A little about the Sat Finder device.
Don't take it as an advertisement. Its name is SF-9501, it is sold in almost all electronic stores, or, as a last resort, on Alibaba.com. An indispensable thing when setting up any satellite dish. At a relatively low cost (400...600 rubles) it saves a huge amount of time and nerves.

The operating principle of this device is based on measuring the signal strength at the output of the converter and its sound and arrow indication.
There are various models and modifications, with displays, programmable, etc., but in our case, the simplest model will be more than enough.

Now that all connections have been checked and you can hear the noise crackling in the device, begin to slowly, very slowly move the plate horizontally to the left and then to the right. As the dish moves, you will hear several different signals from different satellites (there are many of them). Your task is to choose the strongest of them and leave the plate in this position.

Then use the regulator to reduce the sensitivity (beeper volume) of the Sat Finder and select more accurately the position of the plate in the horizontal plane.

If the signals are weak or not audible at all, tilt the plate back a little (1 cm) and repeat the search for the signal in the horizontal plane again. Thus, by searching horizontally and raising the dish slightly above the horizon with each pass, you will find the satellite with the strongest signal. After such a signal is found, try moving the plate up or down a little (a centimeter, no more), achieving maximum signal strength. If necessary, reduce the sensitivity of the device for more accurate settings.

Check the approximate direction of the dish to the satellite; it should not differ from that previously found by the compass by more than 5...8 degrees in one direction or another.

Return to the TV. According to the instructions for the receiver, conduct an initial search for channels. Operator – Tricolor, region – Chelyabinsk or Ural. If the dish is configured correctly, you will see a list of many channels. Check if there is Tricolor - Info and Tricolor channels - Promo, TV-TV, TV2-TV among them. These channels should work even without activating the access card.

After all the channels have been found, return to the dish and carefully, so as not to lose the setting, secure all the fastenings of the dish and all the bolts and nuts with keys, controlling the signal strength on the device.

After fixing the antenna and checking the image on the TV, turn off the device and connect the wire from the receiver to the converter on the dish. This completes the setup. From the Tricolor satellite you will be able to watch about ten free channels and about 300 paid ones. Now you should register your equipment with the operator by calling the special number specified in the instructions for the receiver. After registering the equipment, all channels found during setup will become available for viewing.

I think that viewing will be much more pleasant if you consider that the entire budget of our enterprise (with nails and electrical tape) is at the level of 700...800 rubles.

As practice has shown, the Sat Finder device will come in handy more than once. Whether there is a strong wind, or snow and ice, or some kind of reconstruction in the house, you can always go and adjust the shifted antenna, both at your place and at your neighbor’s.

Yes, just in case, I will give the parameters for the Intelsat 15 85E satellite, for the Telecard. The azimuth is 143 degrees, the elevation angle, that is, the “falling over” of the plate, is the same as that of the Tricolor. The rest of the setup method is exactly the same.

Enjoy watching!

A convenient tablet for beginners, which provides annotations on the satellites visible in Moscow, as well as the criteria for their reception.

Attention! Dear readers. This article was written back in 2003 and has since been only slightly edited several times. Since then, a lot has changed: new satellites were launched, old ones were decommissioned, some were renamed, some even fell! In the near future, it is planned to write a new edition of this article, which would reflect modern realities.

Let's quickly take a look at the geostationary orbit, which is visible in Moscow, and see what is on which satellites and which of them are of the greatest interest. Satellites from 105.5E to 31.5W are shown; positions with an elevation below 3 degrees were not taken into account, since their reception is very doubtful.

Attention! A visible orbit does not mean at all that the satellite can be received. If the transponder beam is directed in the other direction, then reception is impossible.

I would also like to add that the data presented is quite subjective and condensed. The purpose of the article is to give just an overview of what you might want from satellite TV. Perhaps this will help beginners choose a more optimal system (not rush to see everything), someone will refuse a rotating antenna, someone will understand that he will not find a better one than what he has now, and someone will decide to deliver another LNB on a multifeed .

The article is addressed primarily to the average Russian-speaking Moscow viewer who prefers to watch English, German, Italian channels and more often ignores Asian channels.

Red- satellites that cannot be received are marked, yellow- which, if possible, then on a very large plate or it is not known whether it is possible, green- received satellites. Bold useful satellites that make sense to accept are highlighted.

So, let's run...

Position	Satellite		Summary
105.5E	AsiaSat 3S	C/Ku	Chinese, Pakistani, Indian channels. Some English. Theoretically, it is possible to receive only C-Band, which contains Zee Network, CCTV, TVB, Sahara Samay, STAR TV packages. In total, you can receive 20-25 channels.
105.0E	AsiaStar	C	The satellite has ONLY radio channels. Many English-language rebroadcasts for the Asian and African region. All of them are also on European satellites. As well as local Japanese, Korean and Thai channels.
103.0E	Express A" KazSat 1	C	Russian-language channels ORT, RTR, etc. with time offset +6, +7, +8 and Kazakh channels.
100.5E	AsiaSat 2	C/Ku	Mainly Chinese and Mongolian channels. There are several English, French and German ones, but they are all on European satellites. Theoretically, it is only possible to receive C-Band, which contains the packages Henan TV, Jiangxi TV, Liaoning TV, Guangxi TV, Jiangsu TV, Hubei TV, WorldNet, DW TV, Dubai mux, MSTV. In total there are about 100 channels, all with radio.
95.0E	NSS 6	Ku	Telecommunications satellite providing Internet (SatLink). And only 3 TV channels. Theoretically, it is possible to receive only the MiddleEast beam, which contains only an Internet stream.
93.5E	Insat 3A	C	Indian and Arabic channels, several English (CNN, BBC...). There is a Zee Network package. In total there are about 40 channels.
91.5E	Measat 1	C/Ku	Malaysian channels (TV3, VTV) and their large Astro package (about 40 TV channels and 15 radio). The package includes Malaysian versions of the popular ones: Discovery, Nickelodeon, Hallmark, Bloomberg, Disney, MTV, CNN, BBC.
90.0E	Yamal 102	C	Huge selection of Russian-language TV and radio channels. Plus the Turkmen TMT package. From Russian-speaking: Russian basic (ORT, RTR, NTV, TVC, MTV, etc., of course, with a time shift) and regional broadcast channels(Tyumen TV, Komi RTK, Dalnevostochnaja...). Some channels are in the C band, others in the Ku band. In total there are about 25 channels.
88.0E	ST 1	C/Ku	About 20 channels in Chinese + BBC in English.
87.5E	Chinastar 1	C	Empty Chinese satellite :)
83.0E	Insat 2E Insat 3B	C/Ku	About 30 Indian, Malaysian, Thai channels. Theoretically, it is possible to receive only Global and Wide beams that include Kairali Channel, Asianet, Jeevan TV, DD Bangla, DD Saptagiri, ETV package.
80.0E	Express 6A	C/Ku	Many Russian broadcast (with time shift) and regional channels, + encoded channels in Russian from the Gazcom package.
78.5E	Thaicom 2 Thaicom 3	C/Ku	Thai, Cambodian, Pakistani channels + several English ones, which, however, are also available on European satellites. UBC DStv Thailand package (not accepted!) with the usual Discovery, Disney, Cartoon Network, MTV, CNN and BBC for Thailand. And the TARBS package includes NTV and ORT. Theoretically, it is possible to receive only the C-Band global beam, which includes Korean Central TV, the TARBS package, the RR Satellite package, and MRTV. In total there are about 50-60 channels.
76.5E	Apstar 2R	C/Ku	Theoretically, it is possible to receive only the Asian beam, which contains at most 5 channels: TV Lanka, Channel NewAsia, I-Cable, NTV Bangladesh.
75.0E	LMI 1	C/Ku	A bunch of channels in Russian. A dozen Arabic channels, half of which are in analogue broadcasting.
74.0E	Insat 3C	C	A dozen Indian channels.
72.0E	PAS 4	C/Ku	Theoretically, it is only possible to receive the European beam, which includes the Puglia Channel and RTB International.
70.5E	Eutelsat W5	Ku	About 10 uninteresting channels in a language other than Russian.
68.5E	PAS 7 PAS 10	C/Ku	For Moscow, European beams PAS7/PAS10 and circular from PAS7 are available, which contain the Arabic channels Jain TV, Channel Swazi and the Vivid package mainly consisting of radio channels, which can also be found on HotBird.
66.0E	Intelsat 704	C	On the satellite there is the Nepali channel Nepal TV and the Asian version of CFi (3 TV channels 4 radio).
64.0E	Intelsat 601 Intelsat 906	C/Ku	African and Arabic channels. We have access to the European beam, which only carries the Greek Alpha TV.
62.0E	Intelsat 902	C/Ku	African, Azeri and Arabic channels. It is possible to receive only the European beam in which nothing goes.
60.0E	Intelsat 904	C/Ku	Moscow beam with regional channels. Asian beam with the Kazakh package Katelco (about 25 channels including CNN, BBC, Discovery, MTV, Fox Kids, NTV, TV XXI, MCM, Eurosport, Euronews. All in Dechipher2 technology encoding).
57.0E	NSS 703	C/Ku	It is possible to receive only the European beam, which includes Star TV, Star News UK, Star Plus UK, Fox Sports MidEast, and the global beam, which includes the WorldNet radio package.
56.0E	Most 1	Ku	NTV Plus broadcasts from this satellite to the eastern part of Russia.
55.1E	Insat 2DT	C	5 Indian channels in analogue format.
53.0E	Express AM22	C	There are not many channels in Russian and a couple in Ukrainian.
48.0E	Eutelsat 2F2	Ku	4 Italian TV and 7 radio channels. Internet from SMS Internet.
45.0E	EuropeStar 1	Ku	Indian Maharishi package. It is possible to receive only the European beam, which includes the English-language Telly Track channel and the Polish Hipika TV.
42.5E	NewSat 1	C	Internet only. Theoretically, reception is possible, but on a plate 5m.
42.0E	Turksat 1C Eurasiasat 1	Ku	The overwhelming majority are Turkish channels (about 80 channels together on the radio). There are English ones, but they are also on HotBird. Particularly popular are 3 channels in Georgian and 3 channels in Azerbaijani.
40.0E	Express A1R	C/Ku	ORT, RTR, Culture, radio Mayak and Yunost, as well as Ukrainian Svit and Azerbaijani Space TV.
39.0E	Hellas Sat 2	Ku	Empty satellite :) Only the European beam can be received.
36.0E	Eutelsat W4 Sesat 1	C/Ku	Popular NTV Plus packages with channels in Russian. Tricolor TV: all Moscow broadcast channels and Moscow radio stations in circular polarization. And a herd of different channels for Africa, Turkey, the Caucasus, etc. in linear polarization (they require a dish of at least 120 cm and a linear converter, respectively). And also several Internet providers.
31.3E	Turksat 1B	Ku	Internet for Turkey.
30.5E	Arabsat 2B	C/Ku	Theoretically, it is only possible to receive C-Band, which includes Arabic RTM1, TV de Mauritane, Zen TV, Somalia TV, RTD.
28.2E	Astra 2A Astra 2B Astra 2D Eurobird 1	Ku	The vast majority are English-language channels. Super-package SkyDigital (more than 500 channels) and packages BBC, Globecast, Slovak Link, Czech Link. The downside is that it is impossible to receive channels from the Astra 2D satellite, since they are in a super-beam aimed only at England, and these are all BBC channels and part of the channels of the SkyDigital package (about 50 channels).
26.0E	Arabsat 2C Arabsat 3A Arabsat 2D	C/Ku	Kuwaiti, Syrian, Jordanian and other channels (there are no European ones at all). A total of more than 100 channels.
23.5E	Astra 3A	Ku	German package Kabel Deutschland (MTV, BBC, CNN, RAI, ATV, RTV, Detskiy Mir, Nashe Kino, TV Polonia, Canal 24, Show TV... About 35 channels in total), but in different languages, even in Russian.
21.5E	Eutelsat 2F3	Ku	Internet from SkyVision and 4 Italian channels.
19.2E	Astra 1B Astra 1C Astra 1E Astra 1F Astra 1G Astra 1H Astra 2C	Ku	Most of the channels are in German. Satellites Astra 1B, Astra 1C and Astra 2C broadcast in analogue form, so we do not take them into account. The rest include packages RTL, ZDF Vision, Premiere World, MTV Networks, Canal Satelite France, ARD Digital, UPC Direct, ProSieben, Canal Digitaal Satelliet, DPC, Deutsche Telekom, ORF Digital, Canal Satelite Digital. All popular European channels in German, Spanish and French. In total, including the radio, there are about 1000 channels. There are also Internet providers.
16.0E	Eutelsat W2	Ku	Dutch channel TMF, large French packages CanalSatellite Reunion (40 channels) Parabole Reunion (35 channels), Italian packages Elpitel and SNAI Sat, Romanian package Romanian mux, Kurdistan TV, Armenia TV, Ajara TV. Paid packages of Balkan countries. In total, the satellite has more than 100 channels.
13.0E	Hot Bird 1 Hot Bird 2 Hot Bird 3 Hot Bird 4 Hot Bird 6	Ku	The most popular satellite (or rather a group of satellites). There are a lot of open channels (both European and Arabic). Packages Cyfra+, British Telecom, TPS, RTL, Arte, BBC, DW TV, Telespazio, NTI, Viacom, TVN, Deutsche Telekom, Globecast, Bloomberg TV, AB Sat, RAI, Nova, RTVi, RTV Slovenija, RR Satellite, SBC, WorldNet, HRT, Eurosport, Pink, Arabsat and others... In total, together with the radio there will be at least 1500 channels. In Moscow, only the Italian Stream TV and Tele+ Digitale packages are not accepted, since they are in a super-beam: (Although the packages are good.
10.0E	Eutelsat W1	Ku	Internet from Intelcom, Divona, StarDuo and several Turkish channels.
7.0E	Eutelsat W3	Ku	Internet from OpenSky, Evolve, SkyLogic, Web-Sat. Dense Turkish DigiTurk package (about 60 channels, including popular European ones in English, German, French), English BFBS (7TV / 15radio), Polish TVP package.
5.0E	Sirius 2 Sirius 2	Ku	Another one of the most popular satellites. Viasat super package (more than 50 channels mainly on English language, music MTV, VH-1, cinema Ticket, TV1000, CINEMA, news CNN, BBC, FoxNews...), Swedish SVT and NSAB (which carries NTV Mir, RTR-Planeta, ORT, Moscow open world...), Ukrainian Ukrainian mux (TET, New channel, Inter, Enter film...), Danish, Norwegian, Swedish and several Romanian channels. In total, the satellite has more than 100 channels.
3.0E	Telecom 2A	Ku	Empty satellite :)
1.0W	Thor 2 Thor 3 Intelsat 707	C/Ku	Radio package DW TV, Arabic ERTU, Danish Danish mux, Telenor Slovakia, Finnish Finish mux, Bulgarian Bulgarian mux and one of the most best packages Canal Digital (with Discovery, CNN, MTV, BBC, Fox Kids and other popular channels in English! In addition to them there are many Danish and Norwegian channels. In total, more than 100 channels in the package).
4.0W	Amos 1	Ku	It is possible to receive only the European beam, which contains the Yes package (with a huge number of English, Russian, French and Israeli channels) and many Eastern European channels (Poland, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia...). More than 100 channels.
5.0W	Telecom 2C Atlantic Bird 3	C/Ku	French Globecast package, French MTA International radio package, Reuters service, African package in French, just a scattering of French channels and Internet providers. You can find a lot on HotBird.
7.0W	Nilesat 101 Nilesat 102	Ku	Egyptian satellite with coverage area only in North Africa. The satellite has about 100 channels in Arabic and two ADD packages (about 55 channels, including in English) and Showtime Network (about 50 channels, including in English).
8.0W	Telecom 2D Atlantic Bird 2	C/Ku	EuroNews in all languages, Globecast package in French, ViaAvision package with Turkish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Croatian and Serbian channels (19 channels in total and most of them are on HotBird).
11.0W	Express 3A	C/Ku	From this satellite you can only receive the Bulgarian package (about 10 channels), Russian channels “RTR-Planet” and “Russian World”. But the Italian and Georgian ones are no longer there.
12.5W	Atlantic Bird 1	Ku	It is theoretically possible to receive the European beam with the MBC USA and Al-Arybiyah channels. There is nothing else on the satellite.
14.0W	Horizon 37	C	There is only one channel on the satellite - “Channel One (ORT)” and that is in analog form :)
15.0W	Telstar 12	Ku	It is possible to receive the European beam, which includes several Bulgarian and Hungarian channels, the Arabic ADTH package, the multilingual BUY TV channel, the Eastern European UPC TV package and two Internet providers PlanetSky and SMS Internet.
18.0W	Intelsat 901	C/Ku	The satellite has a dozen channels in English and German and it is theoretically possible to receive them. All these channels are available on other satellites.
22.0W	NSS 7	C/Ku	From this satellite it is theoretically possible to receive eastern and global C/Ku-Band beams that include the English BFBS1 radio package, the Arabic version of the Globecast package, the CNN channel, the French CFi and LeSat package. In total there are about 45 TV and radio channels.
27.5W	Intelsat 907	C	It is theoretically possible to receive a European beam in which nothing goes :)
30.0W	Hispasat 1B Hispasat 1C Hispasat 1D	Ku	The vast majority are Spanish and Portuguese channels, but there are also English and French channels. It is possible to receive only the European beam, which includes the Spanish/Portuguese packages Multicanal, TSA and TV Cabo, as well as the Spanish Globecast Espana, Retevision and ViaDigital. Lots of "naked movies" :) The total number of received TV channels is about 150.
31.5W	Intelsat 801	C/Ku	CanalSatellite Caraibes package broadcasting to the Caribbean. The vast majority are French channels, but there are some English and Spanish ones. In total there are about 50 channels. In Moscow you can only receive the European satellite beam in which nothing is coming :)

I would be grateful if you send corrections and additions. The topic of “theoretically accepted satellites” is of particular interest. Does anyone accept them in Moscow and on what plate?

Now let’s consider the sizes of satellite antennas (dishes) necessary for receiving the “useful” satellites noted in the table (data are given for reliable reception):

90.0E	-	120cm	80.0E	-	180cm
36.0E	-	60cm	28.2E	-	120cm
19.2E	-	120-200m	16.0E	-	90cm
13.0E	-	90cm	5.0E	-	120cm
1.0W	-	120cm	30.0W	-	90cm

I hope I helped you create an idea of ​​​​the possibilities of receiving satellite TV in Moscow.

There is a reason to immediately abandon 28.2E, since a special receiver and registration in England are required (or $1500-2000 for a connection in Moscow).
From 30.0W because it may not be interesting due to the abundance of Spanish.
From 16.0E due to French channels, which are already on 13.0E.
From 90.0E and 80.0E because a fairly large dish is required, provided that most of our channels can be taken directly from Ostankino.

I can personally recommend choosing the following set: 36.0E, 19.2E, 13.0E, 5.0E

Everyone knows that satellite television is one of the pinnacles of modern technology. But there is such a principle: everything ingenious is simple. It is not difficult to handle satellite television subscriber devices, and installing a satellite dish with your own hands is quite possible for a citizen who does not know how to use a soldering iron and has completely forgotten Ohm’s law. But accuracy, intelligence, an accurate eye and a faithful hand are required, as well as the ability to use a compass and basic knowledge of astronomy.

Do you need documents for it?

Do I need to get home satellite television approved by some authorities, registered, or get permission? No no need. Satellite broadcasting is free. True, when you “catch” a satellite, set up the receiver and see the list of channels, many will be marked with an asterisk, exclamation point or some other icon. These are paid channels. To watch them, you need to buy a key card. If you know in advance which of the paid channels you need, you can purchase a card for them together with the receiver, or from a satellite broadcasting company.

However, if you live in an apartment building, then installing an antenna on a wall or on the roof will require permission from the owner or organization operating the building. But if the antenna is attached to the balcony fence, and the supporting structures were not touched during its installation, then permission is not needed.

True, in this case the antenna will wobble more in the wind, and bad weather reception will be unstable. Therefore, many subscribers order the installation of satellite dishes from specialized companies, and they themselves coordinate all issues with the Housing Office. In Russia, the largest of these is Tricolor.

General information about satellite broadcasting

Broadcasting satellites are located in geostationary orbit, at an altitude of 35,786 km above sea level in the plane of the Earth's equator. The orbital speed at this altitude is equal to the speed of rotation of the Earth, so the satellite hangs over the same point on its surface. The location of the satellite in geostationary orbit is called the station point.

In reference manuals, satellite locations are designated by their geographic longitude: angular distance from the prime (Greenwich) meridian. This must be taken into account when orienting the antenna and a correction must be given: from a given point, the Greenwich meridian is “visible” at an angle opposite to the longitude of the location. How some stationary satellites are visible from Greenwich is shown in the figure.

Example 1: The longitude of the center of Voronezh is 39 degrees 15 minutes east. The position of the Eutelsat II F4 satellite is 7 degrees to the east, i.e. from Greenwich this satellite is visible at 7 degrees to the east. If Eutelsat II F4 hovered exactly above the prime meridian, the antenna would have to be rotated 39 degrees 15 minutes towards Greenwich to receive it, i.e. west. And since Eutelsat II F4 is already “shifted” by 7 degrees towards Voronezh, the antenna needs to be turned west by 32 degrees 15 minutes.

From Earth, the stationary orbit is “visible” in the sky in the form of the so-called “Clark Belt”. It should not be confused with the celestial equator. The angular height of the celestial equator varies throughout the year, and the Clarke Belt is “visible” as an arc of a curve that degenerates from a circle at the poles to a straight line at the equator. The Clark Belt “rests” on the horizon exactly in the east and west, regardless of location.

At a particular geographic location, the highest point of the Clark Belt is located exactly in the south, and its angular altitude is equal to the inverse of the geographic latitude of the place: 0 at the poles and 90 degrees at the equator. Therefore, at high latitudes, reception of satellite television is difficult or completely impossible: the Clark Belt “lies” on the horizon, and the satellite signal, even if it “shines” here, “stalls” in the atmosphere.

Example 2: The geographic latitude of the center of Voronezh is 51 degrees 20 minutes north. The highest point of the Clark Belt is seen from here at 90 degrees minus 51 degrees 20 minutes = 48 degrees 40 minutes due south.

Satellites do not emit signals in all directions; that would be too wasteful. The transmitting antennas of satellites are directional and, as a rule, “illuminate” the territory of the owning country, or the region to which the broadcast is carried out. Therefore, all satellites visible from this place, it is impossible to “catch”: it may be visible, but it “shines” in the other direction.

If the satellite “shines” directly downwards, then, in principle, it can broadcast to the entire hemisphere below it, having an antenna with a radiation pattern with an aperture of just over 10 degrees. However, at a distance of 36,000 km, this requires a transmitter power of more than 10 kW, solar panels of the appropriate area, and the entire satellite must be launched into orbit by a heavy carrier. Therefore, there are not so many broadcast satellites.

Video: Basic Points of Satellite Dish Direction

Satellite TV - at home

Let's say right away: manual adjustment (i.e., orientation to the desired satellite) of a highly directional antenna is a delicate matter. Here it is not theoretical knowledge that decides the matter, but experience, working skills (“muscle memory”) and simply instinct. Therefore, when purchasing a “dish”, at least from Tricolor TV, it is better to immediately order an installation with adjustment. Experienced craftsmen can do this well, so this service is not overly expensive.

However, even if you're not a big fan of doing everything, after a storm or heavy snowfall, your antenna may need to be re-aligned. Therefore, the adjustment procedure will be described below. But before adjusting, the antenna and equipment must be selected, purchased and installed.

What and how will we watch?

The reference manuals indicate the locations and signal parameters of all stationary broadcast satellites. But in a particular locality, the conditions for their reception may vary significantly. An ordinary hillock, especially in the northern regions, can make a satellite invisible, which actually shines here well.

Therefore, when purchasing an antenna, consult with the seller which satellites are well received, select three (up to 3-4 satellites can be received on one antenna), and write down the parameters of their signals:

• Carrier frequencies of satellite transmitters. For example, for one of the most popular satellites - Sirius - it will be 11.766 GHz; all satellites broadcast in the so-called. Q-band with an average frequency in the region of about 10 GHz. But don’t try to “catch” the satellite’s frequency – it’s not the 20s, or even the 60s.
• Signal polarization planes. At the same frequency, two signals with mutually perpendicularly directed electromagnetic field vectors can be transmitted without mutual interference. The direction of polarization is considered to be the direction of the electric vector. Polarization can be horizontal "H" or vertical "V".
• Data transfer rates. Satellite broadcasting is digital, using SR (Single Root) technology. An example of speed designation: 27,500 SR or simply 27,500. The numbers mean how many frames (packets) per second pass through the communication channel. Just don’t confuse it with a TV frame: here a frame is a package of data organized in a certain way.
• Converter local oscillator frequencies for selected satellites. They lie in the same Q-band, but differ from the carrier by the value of the intermediate frequency that will go to the receiver. For example, with a carrier frequency of 11.766 GHz and a local oscillator frequency of 10,750 kHz (10.750 GHz), the receiver's receiving frequency will be 1016 kHz (1.016 GHz). This is why frequencies are not “caught”, as radio amateurs used to be: the closer we get to the TV, the greater the error in setting the frequency.

Antenna selection

The choice of the antenna itself comes down to determining its diameter. For home reception in the southern regions, a “plate” with a diameter of 60 cm is sufficient; in places from St. Petersburg and further north, stable reception requires an antenna mirror with a diameter of 1.2 m.

Many people think that it is easier to “catch” a satellite with a large “dish”. Just the opposite. A large mirror provides a signal of greater level and quality, but this is achieved by narrowing the radiation pattern, so that it is more difficult to “catch” a satellite with a large “dish”. Large aperture antennas are used most often as signal sources for terrestrial broadcast systems and other applications where further broadcasting is required.

If you are going to receive several satellites, then you need to purchase a multifit along with the antenna - a mounting plate for installing several converters with the ability to adjust their position individually. As a rule, sellers immediately ask: “Single nest or multifit?” In any case, you can put one converter in a multifit, and then add another; The multifit is inexpensive. So it’s better to immediately buy a “plate” equipped with a multifit.

Converter selection

The next step is choosing a converter. The converter is the same “head” that converts the signal from the satellite, which “pierces” the atmosphere well, into a signal for the receiver, which conventional electronics can process without much difficulty.

There are three types of converters: circularly polarized, switched H-V and fixed. The first ones are the least sensitive, but can receive any signal. The latter are the most sensitive, but to receive signals with different polarizations they must be rotated 90 degrees. Under normal reception conditions, it is better to use a circular or switchable converter.

Sensitivity, noise level and stability of the local oscillator frequency (on which the level and quality of the signal significantly depend), as well as the protection of the converter from weather influences (after all, it is outside) vary greatly from model to model and from manufacturer to manufacturer. It is better to choose a specific model that is suitable for the price based on the recommendations of the antenna seller and reviews of experienced subscribers.

Receiver and equipment

But in domestic conditions, the quality and signal level almost do not depend on the model of the receiver. Here you need to focus on service functions and price. There is only one condition: if you are going to watch TV “digitally” with HD quality, the receiver must have an Ethernet output (connector computer network). You don’t have to worry about the compatibility of standards: all are modern network devices“understand” all commonly used data exchange protocols without further explanation.

As additional equipment, you need to purchase DiSEqC - a converter power switch. A household receiver (by the way, in Russian, receiver is a receiver; tracing paper is made from English so as not to be confused with radio receivers) provides power to one converter; To move from satellite to satellite, you need to switch the power to the corresponding “head”.

Antenna installation

What should be the correct installation of a satellite dish can be seen in the figure. An important point: the mounting part (“neck”) of the pipe stand (highlighted in green) must be strictly vertical in two planes. Otherwise, aligning the antenna will turn into a long painful task.

The location for installing the antenna must be chosen carefully. There should be nothing in the mirror frame, not even window glass. The mirror alignment does not coincide with its geometric axis: oblique incidence mirrors are used for satellite reception. Where the mirror flap actually “looks” is also visible in the figure. The fact that the southern part of the sky should be visible from the antenna installation site requires no explanation.

If you live in a private house, do not be lazy to raise the antenna higher. Raising the antenna by 10 m reduces the dust content in the air around it by half, which greatly affects the quality of reception.

First, only the pipe stand is installed. The set of the mirror, its adjustable mount, bracket and converter is assembled at home - this makes it more convenient to first check the verticality of the pipe stand.

Attaching a satellite dish to the wall cannot be done with self-tapping screws in plastic dowels - the antenna will “go away” over time. It is necessary to use collet pins with a length of at least 200 mm and a diameter of at least 8 mm, a base plate is put on them and secured with nuts and locknuts.

Video: example of plate installation

Satellite dish alignment

Engineering compass

An engineering compass makes it very easy to adjust a satellite dish even for a beginner. You can see what it looks like in the picture. The price is low. Its advantages:

1. You can take the azimuth with one glance, without moving the compass.
2. By rotating the dial with a notch, you can take into account the magnetic declination of the place in advance; Before adjustment, you need to find it out at the local weather station. There is no reference data, because Magnetic declination varies from year to year.
3. The compass is equipped with a deflector, which significantly reduces deviation.

Skillfully using an engineering compass, a competent and careful person, who for the first time in his life took up the adjustment of a “dish,” accurately “catches” the satellite within half an hour. If you use a regular Andrianov or tourist compass, you don’t have to think about magnetic declination: the error in setting the azimuth will be greater.

Note: Magnetic declination in mid-latitudes does not vary much from place to place. It is enough to find out what it is like in a regional city.

Adjustment procedure

Immediately you need to take into account the magnetic declination. If it is eastern, it must be subtracted from the longitude of the place; if it is Western, add to it. At first glance it may seem that you need to do the opposite, but keep in mind that the satellites are in the south; Magnetic declination is given for the northern end of the compass needle.

Next, we calculate the true azimuth of the average of the received satellites, as described at the beginning of the article. Then, by turning the satellite location diagram by an angle corresponding to the longitude of the location (we assume that our latitude is not very different from Greenwich), we approximately determine its elevation angle.

Then, aiming at the converter bracket, like at the barrel of a gun without a front sight, using an engineering compass corrected for magnetic declination, we set the antenna to the desired azimuth. Roughly, by eye, we adjust the antenna alignment according to the elevation angle.

To adjust the antenna, we take the TV with the receiver outside closer to it; powered through an extension cord. We don’t connect the power switch yet: the initial adjustment is done using the middle converter. Then:

• We connect the TV and converter to the receiver, turn on the equipment, set the necessary signal parameters in the receiver menu (“Antenna installation” -> “Manual search”), according to the instructions for it.
• Turn on the signal search mode.
• Carefully and smoothly swing the antenna up and down until the receiver “grabs” the satellite. At a 60 cm dish and if all corrections are taken into account correctly, azimuth correction is not required.
• If “it’s not caught,” we check the azimuth again and, changing it in steps of 3 degrees to the right and left, repeat the “swinging” procedure. For a 1.2 m mirror, the step is 2 degrees.
• When the signal is caught, very carefully, “without breathing,” slightly turning and shaking the antenna, we achieve best quality and signal level. The priority is quality. At 60% level and 80% quality, reception stability will be twice as high as vice versa.
• Carefully, in a diagonal pattern, tightly tighten the antenna mounting nuts in several steps. In this case, you need to monitor the signal at all times. If, when tightening a nut, the signal “floats”, leave it for now and tighten the diagonal one.
• From the main menu of the receiver, we check whether the satellite is caught. If all parameters were set manually, failures, as a rule, do not occur. But if “suddenly,” we loosen the plate, and start over.
• We turn on “Level - Quality” again and, by carefully moving back and forth and slightly turning the converter in the socket, we achieve the best possible quality.