DIY electronic crafts for home. Electronic homemade products for radio amateurs and novice electricians

Many electrical appliances can be repaired or new ones can be made with your own hands. For this house there will always be something that can be converted to perform new functions: old Digital Watch, children's car, obsolete computer and much more. Useful crafts can always be repaired or remade. It is better to have a workshop with tools for work.

Equipped master's home workshop

power unit

Homemade electronic devices require different voltages. In particular, soldering requires a regulated power supply. This opportunity can be provided by the LM-317 chip, which is a voltage stabilizer.

Scheme adjustable block nutrition

Devices based on this circuit allow you to change the output voltage within 1.2-30 V using a variable resistor P1. The permissible current is 1.5 A, the power of the device depends on the choice of transformer.

The voltmeter is adjusted using trimming resistor P2. To do this, set the current to 1 mA at a circuit output voltage of 30 V.

The greater the difference between the input and output signals, the more power is allocated to the microcircuit. To reduce heat, it requires a radiator with a cooler.

A homemade board with an LM-317 chip is placed in a case - a computer power supply. A voltmeter and clamps for the output wires are installed on the front PCB panel.

Simple auto tester

A sampler for cars and other purposes should always be on hand at home, in the garage or on the go. The figure below shows a homemade diagram that allows you to check electrical circuits with a resistance of up to 10 kOhm and a voltage of 6-15 V.

Two indication circuits are connected in series to the battery and in parallel to each other. The first consists of resistor R1 and LED HL1, which lights up when checking the voltage. At the same time, the battery is recharged.

Circuit and design: a) homemade circuit, which allows you to check electrical circuits with a resistance of up to 10 kOhm and the presence of a voltage of 6-15 V; b) homemade design of a test probe

When a circuit is tested, current flows from the battery through circuit HL2, R2. At the same time, the HL2 LED lights up. Its brightness will be greater, the lower the circuit resistance.

Like all homemade products, the design of the probe can be done different ways, for example, place it in a transparent plastic case that you can easily glue together with your own hands.

Such devices are indispensable when repairing electrical networks at home or household appliance. Crafts can be more complex and have additional functions.

Electric devices for heat treatment of meat products without the use of fuel are made for a small number of portions and can be used at home or in the country. To prepare barbecue using an electric barbecue maker, there is no need to spend expensive hours of rest standing outside at the barbecue.

In specialized stores you can choose any device, but the price decides a lot. If you have skills in handling electricity, it will be much cheaper to make an electric kebab maker with your own hands.

The structures are made in horizontal or vertical design. The power of the device usually does not exceed 1.5 kW. The meat is heated using a spiral with a tungsten or nichrome thread. All metal parts are made of stainless steel.

Typical devices are vertical heaters in the center and skewers with product around. They are attached from above. It is advisable to make skewers in the form of spirals, from which the meat does not slide down during the cooking process.

Vertical type of electric kebab maker

To make high-quality barbecue with your own hands, the skewers should be placed as close as possible to the heater, but so that the product does not touch the spiral. When placed at a distance, the meat will not fry, but will dry out.

Pieces of product no larger than 40 mm in size are placed on a skewer, which is placed vertically around the heater. Then the electricity is turned on and the coil is heated.

The heater is based on a heat-resistant ceramic tube on which a spiral is wound. Fastening at the bottom is done using a special cartridge.

In the round base there are special cups for collecting fat and a frame that serves to hold the skewers vertically.

Cups are made of stainless steel. They have cross-shaped protrusions at the bottom, which are inserted into the slots in the base. Inside they have devices for attaching skewers. Fixing the cup on both sides allows them to hold the skewers vertically.

The connection must be strong and at the same time easy to disassemble for cleaning. You can make a common removable tray for all skewers.

The cross-section of the supply wire is selected to match the power of the heater (2.5 or 4 mm2). At home or in the country there should be a 16 A socket for it.

Timer for watering plants

Devices with timers are used for drip irrigation of an area from a container into certain time. They can be connected to valves with any capacity.

Often branded devices do not provide the required reliability. Then an old wall clock comes to the rescue, which is in working order, but is no longer used at home. Small magnets are attached to the ends of the minute and hour hands, and there are 3 reed switches on the dial.

Timer circuit for watering plants, which uses a wall clock

As soon as the hour hand reaches the number 7, and the minute hand reaches 12, which corresponds to the time of 7 o'clock, the reed switches SA1 and SA3 are triggered and the signal opens the solenoid valve. After 2 hours, the arrows will move to 9 and 12, and current will flow through the contacts of the reed switches SA1 and SA2 to close the valve.

The diagram shows a “rain sensor”, which in wet weather closes transistor VT1 and the valve remains constantly closed. Manual control of the solenoid valve is also provided via buttons S1 and S2.

The clock can be set to any time the valve is turned on.

Car with remote control

Homemade radio-controlled models captivate not only children, but also adults. They can be used for playing at home or for real competitions in the yard. To assemble it yourself, you will need a chassis with wheels, an electric motor and a housing.

There is a large assortment on sale, but first of all you need to decide which machine is best to make. The control panel can be wired or radio controlled.

When choosing parts, you should pay attention to their quality. The plastic should be free of nicks, inclusions and other mechanical defects. The wheels are sold with the chassis and should turn easily. Grip on the surface is better provided by rubber. Plastic wheels are much worse in this regard.

For a beginner, it is better to take an electric motor, which is cheaper and easier to maintain than an internal combustion engine. You can choose any body or make it according to your own sketch.

The motor, battery and radio unit with antenna are installed on the chassis of the mini-car. If you purchase a kit with components, assembly instructions are included.

After installing the parts, the operation of the motor is adjusted. The housing is installed on the chassis after everything is working.

You can assemble mini-copies at home as follows:

• the car is assembled carefully and through joint efforts;
• the materials of the model parts may differ from the original;
• small and insignificant details can be omitted.

The model can be made without focusing on a specific car brand. Much depends on finances and availability of free time. Assembling a mini-car at home with a child has great educational value.

The work on assembling the car model is carried out according to plan. Some parts need to be purchased, but you can use old toys.

The power of the motor must match the weight of the device. Fresh batteries or accumulator are used for power supply.

If you use a special car designer, crafts can be very diverse. Assembly sequence:

• the frame is assembled first;
• the motor is attached and adjusted;
• the power supply is installed;
• the antenna with the radio unit is fixed;
• wheels are installed and adjusted.

Types of radio-controlled car models

Many DIY tricks are revealed in this video.

Electronic homemade products make your life more comfortable and save a lot of money. In addition, you can find a use for old electrical appliances so that they do not gather dust in the pantry without a purpose. Useful DIY crafts are often better than factory-made products.

For those just starting to take their first steps into electronics, it is important to start somewhere. Well, we invite you to familiarize yourself with ideas that may come in handy in the future and at the same time give you an idea of ​​how something should be done. What to choose if you want to make simple ones with your own hands? Here are options that can be used in everyday life.

Simple power regulator for smooth switching of lamps

This type of device has found wide application. The simplest is a regular diode, which is connected in series with the load. Such regulation can be used to extend the life of an incandescent lamp, as well as to prevent overheating of the soldering iron. They can also be used to change power over a wide range of values. First, there will be the simplest DIY electronic crafts. You can see the diagrams here.

How to protect yourself from mains voltage fluctuations

This device turns off the load if the mains voltage is outside the permissible limits. As a rule, a deviation of up to 10% from the norm is considered normal. But due to the peculiarities of the energy supply system in our country, such limits are not always observed. So, the voltage can be 1.5 times higher, or much lower than necessary. The result is often unpleasant - the equipment fails. Therefore, there is a need for a device that will turn off the load before something has time to burn out. But when creating such a homemade product, you need to be careful, since the work will be carried out with considerable stress.

How to make a safety transformer

Transformerless power supplies are often used in various electronic designs. Typically, such devices have low power, and to avoid electrical injury, they are placed in an insulating plastic case. But sometimes they need to be configured, and then the security is broken. To avoid possible injury, use an isolating safety transformer. It will also be useful when repairing such devices. Structurally, they consist of two identical windings, each of which is designed for the network. As a rule, the power of transformers of this type ranges from 60-100 W, these are the optimal parameters for setting up various electronics.

Simple emergency lighting source

What should you do if you need to ensure that some area remains illuminated in the event of a power outage? The answer to such challenges can be emergency lamp, made on the basis of the standard energy saving lamp, the power of which does not exceed 11 watts. So if you need light somewhere in the corridor, utility room or workplace, this homemade product will come in handy. Usually, if there is voltage, they operate directly from the mains. When it disappears, the lamp begins to function on battery power. When the mains voltage is restored, the lamp will work and the battery will automatically charge. The best electronic DIY projects have been left for the end of the article.

Boost power regulator for soldering iron

In cases where it is necessary to solder massive parts or the mains voltage often drops, using a soldering iron becomes problematic. And a step-up power regulator can help out of this situation. In these cases, the load (i.e., the soldering iron) is powered using rectified mains voltage. The change is carried out using an electrolytic capacitor, the capacitance of which allows you to obtain a voltage greater than 1.41 network voltage. So, with a standard voltage value of 220 V, it will give 310 V. And if there is a drop, say, to 160 V, then it will turn out that 160 * 1.41 = 225.6 V, which will allow for optimal operation. But this is just an example. You have the opportunity to make a scheme that is suitable specifically for your conditions.

The simplest twilight switch (photo relay)

As new parts are created, fewer components are now needed to make a device. So, for a regular twilight switch, only 3 of them are needed. Moreover, thanks to the versatility of the design, multi-purpose use is possible: in an apartment building; for lighting the porch or courtyard of a private home, or even a separate room. Pointing out the features of such a design as a twilight switch, it is also called a “photo relay”. You can find many implementation schemes that were made either by amateurs or industrialists. They have their own set of positive and negative properties. Negative properties are usually referred to as the need to have a source DC voltage, or the complexity of the circuit itself. Also, when buying cheap and simple parts or entire sets, people often complain that they simply burn. The functionality of the scheme is based on three components:

1. Photocell. It is usually understood as photoresistors, phototransistors and photodiodes.
2. Comparator.
3. Triac or relay.

When there is daylight, the resistance of the photocell is low and does not exceed the response threshold. But as soon as it gets dark, the structure will be turned on at that very moment.

Conclusion

Here are some interesting electronic crafts you can make with your own hands. The main thing in cases where something doesn’t work out is to keep trying, and then everything will work out. And once you gain experience, you can move on to more complex schemes.

Since you have decided to become a self-taught electrician, then probably after a short period of time you will want to make some useful electrical appliance for your home, car or cottage with your own hands. At the same time, homemade products can be useful not only in everyday life, but also made for sale, for example. Actually the build process simple devices at home is not difficult. You just need to be able to read diagrams and use the ham radio tool.

As for the first point, before you start making electronic homemade products with your own hands, you need to learn how to read electrical circuits. In this case, ours will be a good helper.

Among the tools for novice electricians, you will need a soldering iron, a set of screwdrivers, pliers and a multimeter. To assemble some popular electrical appliances, you may even need a welding machine, but this is a rare case. By the way, in this section of the site we even described the same welding machine.

Special attention should be paid to available materials, from which every novice electrician can make basic electronic homemade products with their own hands. Most often, old domestic parts are used in the manufacture of simple and useful electrical appliances: transformers, amplifiers, wires, etc. In most cases, novice radio amateurs and electricians just need to look for all the necessary tools in a garage or shed in the country.

When everything is ready - the tools have been collected, spare parts have been found and minimal knowledge has been obtained, you can proceed to assembling amateur electronic homemade products at home. This is where our small guide will help you. Each instruction provided includes not only detailed description each stage of creating electrical appliances, but is also accompanied by photo examples, diagrams, as well as video lessons that clearly show the entire manufacturing process. If you do not understand some point, you can clarify it under the entry in the comments. Our specialists will try to advise you in a timely manner!

So. Life has turned out in such a way that I have a house in the village with gas heating. It is not possible to live there permanently. The house is used as a summer house. For a couple of winters I stupidly left the boiler on with the minimum coolant temperature.
But there are two disadvantages.
1. Gas bills are astronomical.
2. If there is a need to come to the house in the middle of winter, the temperature in the house is around 12 degrees.
Therefore, it was necessary to invent something.
I'll clarify right away. Availability of point WI-FI access Mandatory in the relay coverage area. But, I think, if you get confused, you can put a connected mobile phone next to the sensor and give out a signal from the phone.

Connecting a 4-pin motion sensor with your own hands (diagram)

DIY motion sensor connection diagram

It happens that you need to install lighting in your dacha or in your home. will be triggered by movement or a person or someone else.

A motion sensor, which I ordered from Aliexpress, works well with this function. The link to which will be below. By connecting light through a motion sensor, when a person passes through his field of vision, the light turns on and stays on for 1 minute. and turns off again.

In this article I’ll tell you how to connect such a sensor if it doesn’t have 3 contacts, but 4 like this one.

DIY power supply from an energy-saving light bulb

When to get 12 Volt for LED strip , or for some other purpose, there is an option to make such a power supply with your own hands.

DIY fan speed controller

This regulator allows for smooth adjustment variable resistor fan speed.

The circuit of the floor fan speed controller turned out to be the simplest. To fit into the case from the old charger Nokia phone. The terminals from a regular electrical outlet also fit in there.

The installation is quite tight, but this was due to the size of the case..

DIY plant lighting

DIY plant lighting

There may be a problem with lack of lighting plants, flowers or seedlings, and there is a need for artificial light for them, and this is the kind of light we can provide on LEDs with your own hands.

DIY brightness control

DIY brightness control

It all started with the fact that after I installed at home halogen lamps for lighting. When turned on, they often burned out. Sometimes even 1 light bulb a day. That's why I decided to do it smooth start lighting based on a do-it-yourself brightness controller, and I am attaching a diagram of the brightness controller.

DIY refrigerator thermostat

DIY refrigerator thermostat

It all started when I returned from work and opened the refrigerator to find it warm. Turning the thermostat control did not help - the cold did not appear. So I decided not to buy new block, which is also rare, and make an electronic thermostat yourself on the ATtiny85. The difference with the original thermostat is that the temperature sensor is on the shelf and not hidden in the wall. In addition, 2 LEDs appeared - they signal that the unit is turned on or the temperature is above the upper threshold.

DIY soil moisture sensor

DIY soil moisture sensor

This device can be used for automatic watering in greenhouses, flower greenhouses, flower beds and indoor plants. Below is a diagram on which you can make a simple sensor (detector) of soil moisture (or dryness) with your own hands. When the soil dries out, voltage is applied with a current of up to 90 mA, which is quite enough, turn on the relay.

Also suitable for automatic switching on drip irrigation to avoid excess moisture.

Fluorescent lamp power supply circuit

Power supply circuit for a fluorescent lamp.

Often when it fails energy saving lamps, in it burns power supply circuit, and not the lamp itself. As is known, LDS with burnt filaments, it is necessary to supply the network with rectified current using a starterless starting device. In this case, the filaments of the lamp are shunted with a jumper and to which the high voltage to turn on the lamp. There is an instantaneous cold ignition of the lamp, with a sharp increase in voltage across it, upon start-up without preheating the electrodes. In this article we will look at starting an LDS lamp with your own hands.

USB keyboard for tablet

USB keyboard for tablet

Somehow, suddenly, I took something and decided to buy it for my PC new keyboard. The desire for novelty cannot be overcome. Changed the background color from white to black, and the letter color from red-black to white. A week later, the desire for novelty naturally disappeared like water into sand (an old friend is better than two new ones) and the new thing was sent to the closet for storage - until better times. And now they came for her, she didn’t even imagine that it would happen so quickly. And therefore the name would be even better suited not which is, but how to connect usb keyboard to the tablet.