How to choose a spotlight for lighting a country house? How to choose the right lighting for a country house.

Three types of lighting devices are currently used for outdoor lighting:
1. Searchlights and illuminators powered by 220 volts;
2. Flashlights and batteries;
3. Lighting devices with a solar battery.
The style and design of your site determines what type of lighting will work best for you. It is to create a common style that manufacturers produce entire families of lighting fixtures in the same style: from small path lights to large spotlights for lighting large areas.
Spotlights powered by the mains are most often stationary. They are mounted on the walls of the building, poles or on platforms.
Battery models are mounted on poles or directly on the ground. Their advantage is high mobility. You can remove the device from one place and move it to another. In addition, such lighting options are much more economical than conventional light sources.
Variants with a solar battery are equipped with a post that is stuck into the ground. Such devices are also very mobile and light in weight, which makes them very convenient to use. Their only drawback is the short glow time. On average, such a flashlight can shine up to 4 hours.
According to their purpose, lighting devices are divided into two classes: functional lighting and decorative lighting.
Functional lighting - all light sources that increase safety. These can be light bollards along the paths, spotlights over the gate and at the porch, a lamp over the garage gate, and so on.
Decorative lighting includes the illumination of flower beds, flower beds, individual elements of the building.
In addition, some light sources are of mixed type. For example, the lamps along the paths play both a decorative role (decorate the site) and a functional one (show the direction).
Light prices.
Prices for flashlights vary depending on the design, power and material. The simplest street lights with a Chinese-made battery can be bought at a very low price - about 700 rubles. Prices for powerful 220V spotlights can reach up to 15 thousand rubles, and sometimes even higher.
Save on bills will help all the same solar panels. If every light source is mains powered, your utility bill will increase exponentially. Think about where you do not need stationary illuminators? For example, the posts along the paths can be replaced with economical solar lanterns.
It is not bad to reduce light consumption by connecting some lamps to a motion sensor. Why is the garage light on when you're asleep? Automation will turn it on when you approach the gate. The same is recommended for the lanterns above the entrance doors.
Organization of the lighting system.
When planning your lighting system, decide which areas of the site need lighting and which do not. Calculate how many lighting fixtures this will require.
if it is supposed to use wires, then it is best to perform their installation work first. Planting flowers and lawns is done after laying the cables, because the cables are best buried in the ground.
When choosing lighting devices, pay attention to the moisture protection of the lamps and the places where the wires are attached. Lamps for outdoor lighting should not be afraid of rain and moisture.
For stationary appliances, a small post may be required. The height of the column is selected depending on the desired effect. If the light must come from the ground itself, the spotlight is installed on a small cemented area.

With the onset of darkness, it becomes more difficult to move around the garden plot, and all its decorative elements, created by the owner with such awe and love, lose their clear outlines. Moreover, at night the territory becomes more vulnerable to intruders. Properly organized site lighting helps to solve all these problems at once.

No. 1. Basic requirements for site lighting

On the diagram, it is necessary to note where the lamps will be located, how many there will be, and what function they will be assigned to, you can also indicate the size and style of execution. Now being compiled circuit diagram connections: for those who are at least a little versed in electrics, this is an easy task. It is better to entrust the installation of the entire lighting system, since, first of all, it should be as safe as possible for the owners of the site.

When planning your lighting plan, keep in mind that be sure to highlight the entrance to the house, gate or gate, the perimeter of the site, as well as the most dangerous places on the territory, incl. stairs and bridges. It is not recommended to backlight the house with, as a dazzling effect is created in this way. When preparing a lighting scheme, it is important not to forget about the climatic features of the region. For example, the height of the lamps should be such that under the maximum possible layer of snow they perform their functions.

Number 3. Types of site lighting

Lighting a suburban area performs several functions at once, and for each of them it is better to provide a separate type of lamps.

The main types of garden lighting:

• general or functional lighting is necessary for safe movement around the territory after dark, to perform certain work and have a good rest in the evening. General lighting fixtures are primarily installed at the entrance to the site, in parking lots, near the entrance to. They are also necessary for lighting garden paths and;
• marking of site elements- This is a special case of general lighting. The main function of the marking light is to indicate some objects, for example, the boundaries of the parking lot, the location of the gate, steps, etc. In this case, you can use small lamps and even "luminous" stones;
  
• automatic lighting systems enhancing the security of the area. Due to the presence of a time relay or motion sensors, one or more lighting elements can turn on at nightfall or when intruders appear at their summer cottage. Similar elements can also be used to scare away animals and birds by creating the effect of presence;
• decorative lighting. This includes lamps that are designed to decorate and draw attention to interesting elements of the landscape more than to give full light. Alpine slides, ponds, tree crowns, recreation areas are equipped with such lighting, and for this they use flashlights, garden figures with built-in lamps, lamps that can shine different color, and other elements.
  

No. 4. Features of functional lighting of the site

The tasks of functional lighting are simple and clear. If decorative lighting can not be used in every summer cottage, then it is impossible to do without general lighting. Highlighting all the important elements in order to increase the safety of movement around the territory, it is worth remembering that highlights in lighting it is necessary to put it on, a patio, a house and other buildings - they should not be flooded with too bright light, otherwise the person walking along them will experience great discomfort. The most illuminated place on the site - this and: it will be more comfortable to move from less lit areas to brighter ones. It is important that even in the dead of night, functional lighting allows see the boundaries of the site.

It is also necessary to highlight stairs, bridges and other most dangerous objects. Along the paths, the lamps must be evenly spaced. Lanterns, floor lamps with frosted glass diffusers, bright spotlights, spherical lamps and other elements can serve as light sources.

No. 5. decorative lighting

Decorative lighting needed for recreation areas and objects that you want to admire even after dark. Usually additional illumination is provided , trees, shrubs, fountains, ponds, alpine slides, garden sculptures, as well as gazebos, patios and. Decorative lighting complements the main and gives a soft light, creating a romantic and slightly mysterious atmosphere. There are a lot of ways to organize it - it all depends on the style of the site and the imagination of the owner.

To make no mistake with the choice of style of lamps for the site, you can use simple rule. The more elaborate and multi-faceted landscape design of the garden, the more simple and concise lighting should be. If the style of the site is close to minimalism, then you can use lamps of the most bizarre and non-standard forms, focusing on them in decorating the garden.

No. 7. Types of street lamps at the place of installation

All the huge variety of lamps designed to illuminate the suburban and suburban area, can be divided by several groups:

• floor lamps, which include lanterns of different heights;
• wall lights used to illuminate the house or, they can be hung on the wall at any height;
• pendant lamps include lanterns and garlands that can be hung from tree branches or ceilings in gazebos;

  When buying, it is worth checking whether the inside of the lamp mount is painted. If not, then you should not count on special durability. Luminaires made of stainless steel and aluminum alloys showed themselves best in operation. Do not forget to find out about the warranty period, and also ask the seller certificate of safety where the degree of protection should be indicated.

Illumination on the site is not only a beautiful decor, but also ensuring safe movement around the territory. Even the most original design is lost at dusk. In landscape design, the lighting of the house and garden is given a lot of attention. To effectively use the capabilities of devices, you need to correctly organize the illumination.

Illumination of the recreation area Source vnegoroda.com

Basic requirements for site lighting

The lighting system must be functional, convenient and safe. Choose outdoor appliances that have low electricity consumption and decorative appearance. For country houses, autonomous sources are often used that work during outages.

Spot light around the perimeter of the fence Source www.remontbp.com

To illuminate the suburban area, the wiring is installed according to the installation rules. To prevent damage to the line, circuit breakers and residual current devices are needed. If overloads occur, the devices will completely de-energize the network. Grounding a country house will save people from electric shock.

Lighting design solution Source electrolight.com

The supply cable and wiring in the country are laid in special pipes. The system will protect against accidental mechanical damage during work on the site. Switching devices for outdoor use are selected with protection against moisture. Owners have convenient access to all elements of country lighting. Electrical appliances can be switched off pointwise for revision or repair.

The boundaries of a country house should be normally visible at any time. Full automation of processes is built on sensors and timers. The devices are activated in certain time. In remote areas of the garden, constant lighting is not needed, so the bulbs “wake up” as the owner or guest approaches. To make the system safe for humans, it is better to entrust the installation to a specialist.

Tall lanterns that are not afraid of snow and showers Source stroi-gazon.ru

Drawing up a lighting scheme for the site

Designing the placement of lighting points is an important element of landscape design. Drawings will help not only beautifully highlight buildings, trees and paths, but also ensure safety. Lanterns and garlands should be in their places, fully cope with the assigned function.

To draw up a scheme for lighting the site, you need to study the landscape plan. You should not use all the decorative lamps you like, otherwise the territory will be colorful. The location of electrical appliances is determined during design:

• tracks;
• gazebos;
• terraces;
• reservoirs.

Lighting of important objects Source www.keramis.com.ua

It is safe to lay the electrical cable underground. If a large element of the landscape is located on the way, then you will have to make changes to the plan. The diagram marks the areas on which the lighting fixtures are mounted, indicate the size and style. Be sure to fix the location of sockets, switches.

fluorescent stones for decorative lighting Source www.pinterest.com

In the evening, the most dangerous places in the local area are bridges, steps and entrances. The lighting of the suburban area affects the gate, fences and the house. So that the light does not blind people, it is not necessary to tune the rays of the devices to the central part of the door. Provide a scattered option from the side or from above at an angle.

The project also takes into account the climatic features in the region. Low lamps can be covered with snow in winter or flooded with water during rain, thaw. In order for electrical appliances to cope with the task, it is necessary to provide for the optimal height of the device. In the scheme of the site, lighting techniques and instrument models are taken into account, the territory is divided into functional zones:

• entry;
• outbuildings;
• place to rest.

Approximate scheme of the main points in the yard Source www.intergaz.lv

The main tasks of site lighting

Illumination in landscape design is responsible for certain tasks. Depending on the assigned functions, different devices and types of lighting are used.

functional

Helps to organize safe movement around the site in the twilight and dark. Illumination of distant areas improves visibility, which reduces the possibility of injury. Devices are mounted at the entrance to the house, along garden paths and at the entrance to the territory. Lamps are relevant in the parking lot and in places of rest.

Evening illumination Source luchiefasady.ru

In the dark, it is comfortable to move from twilight zones to areas with maximum light intensity. Noticeable accents are placed on gazebos, terraces and patios, soft accents are placed along the paths. Strong functional lighting should not blind a person. The most striking places in the landscape are the facade and the porch. Be sure to evenly illuminate bridges, curbs and stairs. As sources, they look impressive:

• spheres;
• spotlights;
• floor lamps with diffusers;
• lanterns.

Street lighting of steps in the evening Source stroychik.ru

Security

Proper lighting of the suburban area will help protect the property from the penetration of intruders, intentional damage to property. The system works both around the clock and periodically. Lights with motion sensors and models with a directional beam give the impression of a person's presence.

Street lighting of the suburban area Source sovetiposvety.ru

Devices are installed at the entrance of the house, at the gate and at the parking lot. At the corners of the site, poles are dug in, on which bright spotlights are mounted. Options with maximum intensity can be grouped and installed on the garage. Automatic system with timer certain elements at the right time.

Marking

If there are many landscape details on the territory of a country house, then the lighting of the site will protect against injuries in the dark. Illumination in problem areas will indicate the location of benches, steps and the boundaries of the parking lot. The intensity of the beam is minimal, so diffuse options are used.

Country house Source www.avito.ru

LEDs with colored lamps are mounted along the fences and gratings. Five common types of devices are used in marking the territory:

• "Glowing Stones" Soil types of lamps look spectacular on paving stones, help to draw boundaries between zones, do not blind walking people.
• Lanterns on low legs. The columns are relevant along the paths, next to the parking lot.
• Hanging lamps. Good lighting in the right position. They are mounted on chains next to buildings, on tree branches along paths.
• Wall models. Outwardly, they resemble standard sconces, only for the street. Suitable for lighting fences.
• Searchlights. Devices with a powerful beam are used for facades and landscapes.

Lanterns around the facade of the house Source dobrostroy.house

In multi-level terraces, each tier is illuminated. Luminous elements are mounted in the vertical surfaces of the steps. So that the lamps do not blind the walkers, diffusers are needed. Lanterns hidden in the foliage of plants will mark the boundary of safe movement.

Decorative

If it is necessary to emphasize the details of landscape design, then decorative lighting is used. Lamps focus on bright, memorable details and functional areas. Devices play the role of additional illumination and decor, they do not take on protective and marking functions.

Accent illumination highlights part of the object and softens the contours. Bottom or front decorative lighting helps to beat any component in a non-standard way. Designers use when decorating facades, plants and compact above-ground elements. The side solution runs tangentially, smoothing out strict forms, therefore suitable for coniferous trees and hedges.

high tech home Source www.lopressroom.com

Flood lighting of a country house creates the effect of a single surface and space, favorably emphasizes the shape and height of buildings. The directional option only hits certain object, the rest of the elements are in shadow. The method is used for buildings, ponds and trees. Spotlights and lamps are located near or on a ledge. The scattered method looks spectacular for highlighting individual zones, the intersecting method covers the object from two sides.

Architectural illumination of a private house Source www.pravda.rv.ua

Contour lighting indicates the parameters of the territory, focuses attention on the lines of buildings. In the landscape of a country house, devices are located close to the component. Only the silhouettes of large and small architectural forms are visible, and the element itself is hidden in the shadows. Fountains and sculptures look original. Soft light hides the size of buildings, so the method is thoughtfully used for tiny country houses.

The open terrace of a country house acquires a new sound with the help of decorative lighting. Protruding furniture elements complement led strip. It creates the effect of floating above the ground. The composition will be completed by an outdoor floor lamp on a leg and a lamp on the table.

Arrangement of a recreation area Source www.thespruce.com

Special sealed devices used to decorate ponds. The surface of the structures weakly transmits rays, emits soft, relaxing waves. Accent illumination in the pool transforms the landscape component. If you install a lamp in a pond, then you do not need additional illumination of the zone. A fountain with iridescent liquid will become the central element of the space.

Pond on the plot with lighting Source www.diymegastore.com.au

Original do-it-yourself site lighting

Garden lights and lanterns look beautiful but have high price. Inexpensive lighting of the house and territory can be organized from improvised means. Original landscape ideas allow you to maximize the use of the site. Under the ceiling use items that have served their time in everyday life.

Lanterns at the entrance Source landshaftdizajn.ru

You can make a street lamp with Christmas garland or fluorescent tape. The lighting element is attached to a tree, dishes, creating the effect of a fountain with a burning jet. An old lampshade with luminous components turns into an original decoration in the garden. Office plastic baskets with perforated sides are placed on the lawn, under trees and along paths.

Decorative multi-colored lighting of a country house Source ledforms.com

Glass bottles are used as unusual decorative lighting. Placed in a container Christmas garland or a battery operated flashlight. An impromptu lamp is placed along the paths and on the lawn, installed on gazebos and terraces. To give the product an unusual look, multi-colored balls, beads or sequins are poured inside.

Lighting elements are inserted into glass jars of an unusual shape. Sand with sea pebbles is poured to the bottom. Standard containers are decorated on the outside with lace fabric or wrapped with twine. If the inside is covered with fluorescent paint, then no lamps are needed.

Veranda lighting Source www.rmnt.ru

To illuminate the garden of a country house, tin cans, old kitchen utensils, the surface of which is covered with numerous holes, are used. Decorative perforation in the form of a pattern looks original on the lawn, on a lamppost and on a table in a recreation area. Designer lamps are hung on tree branches or placed near statues.

Old tin cans for a creative idea Source www.lushhome.com

Plastic bottles are a universal material that is used in the subsidiary farm of a country house. Containers in the form of a ball with a flashlight inside will become an unusual lighting element in the barbecue area and next to the gazebo. From disposable glasses, tiny shades are obtained, which are mounted on a Christmas tree garland.

Lampshades for street lamps in the country are made from improvised materials. An inflatable ball is pasted over with twine or small branches. After drying, the rubber is blown off and carefully detached. The air container looks spectacular on the lawn or as a path marking. Several plafonds in the recreation area will give the space a romantic look.

DIY decorative lamp made of thick threads Source www.remontbp.com

How to pay less for site lighting

Landscape lighting of a country house consumes a lot of electricity. Evening decor should be not only beautiful and useful, but also inexpensive. Budget incandescent bulbs often burn out and use a lot of energy. To save money, you need to find a less expensive option.

Lamps and strips on LEDs have a high efficiency and an affordable price. The bright light is white and yellow color. The intensity of the wave in some models can be adjusted manually. Low electricity consumption and long service life will justify the money spent.

garden plot Source 9dach.ru

For decorative lighting of a country house, fluorescent and halogen lamps are suitable. Fiber optic systems have appeared recently, but they allow you to implement bold design solutions in your summer cottage. Devices are used for operation near landscape elements, which are prohibited from high temperatures. If there is a generator, then it will be possible to provide light to a large area.

landscape lighting Source landscape-a.com

Electric lamps are most often used to decorate the site of a country house. To install the devices, preparatory work is needed. The cable in the country is hidden in a pipe or corrugation, after which they proceed to the installation of models. Solutions come in a variety of forms and types.

Solar-powered options are used for spot lighting of individual areas of the landscape. During the day, the devices store energy, and in the evening they emit a soft, warm light. The battery is charged even in cloudy weather. Components are not tied to a place, they can be moved around the territory.

Decorative functional balls by area Source www.o-svet.ru

Lighting without the use of lamps

If there is no possibility for installing electrical appliances in the country, then available devices will have to be used. Reflective elements are a great way to help mark entry and parking. Fluorescent paint is visible in any weather, does not depend on the operation of the battery current. They paint border posts with the product or hang special warning stickers for clothes.

pool lighting Source remstroiblog.ru

Lamps with candles are a beautiful element of decor that helps transform the area of ​​a country house in the dark. Components are placed along paths, curbs and around ponds. Antique kerosene lamps under glass shades look beautiful on the lawn. Open flames and flammable liquids are dangerous for wood and plastic surfaces.

Do-it-yourself street candlestick Source 21ek.ru

To illuminate the house and the site, parts painted with a luminescent composition are often used. The phosphorus-based mixture accumulates solar energy, which is actively given in the dark. If you apply original drawings to the facade, then it is difficult to get lost at dusk. Burning stones in an alpine hill in the evening look much more spectacular than an expensive ceiling lamp. Elements are used in the design of pools and garden paths.

Illumination of the territory and the house Source elektrik-a.su

Designer sand will help to decorate the space of the summer cottage in an original way. Decorative lighting based on fluorescent paint shines in the dark. The material looks bewitching around flower beds, ponds and trees. The blurry contours of the paths will not let a person get lost in the garden. Looks original in a transparent vase, glass or decorative container.

Large area option Source www.pinterest.com

Lounge area near the house Source pro-remont.org

Reflective tapes are used to decorate large plants, fences and facades of country house buildings. Soft, unobtrusive radiance does not blind the eyes, copes with the function of decoration and marking. Elements are laid out in the form of patterns, words or geometric shapes.

Different lighting options for a large area Source oazis.obninsk.com

Illumination of garden trees Source powerlux.com.ua

Conclusion

Site lighting is an important component of landscape design that makes the area safe and beautiful. Properly placed details give the space a complete look, fully adapt to the requirements of the style. To ensure that the backlight does not harm, you need to properly mount all devices.

Laying the electrical network in an apartment or house is a very responsible and time-consuming task.

Firstly, it is necessary to calculate everything well in order to save on wiring and installation work, ensuring high reliability of the system. Secondly, take into account the number of points for simultaneous use, the maximum allowable load on the network, so that there are no overloads and failures. Thirdly, perform electrical work in accordance with technical requirements and sanitary standards for safe living and effective use networks.

Even if the conduction of electricity is carried out by masters, then knowledge in this area will help to control the quality of work.

Before any electrical work you need to study the PUE (Rules for electrical installations), which contain all the requirements, the basics of installation and operation of electrical equipment. The conditions that must be observed when laying electrical wiring in a private house, should be like this:

• All elements of the system, including switches, sockets, distribution block, metering equipment, must be freely accessible after installation.
• Switches, sockets must be installed at least 1.5 m and 0.6 m from the floor and door surface.
• Electricity metering devices, the distribution block are placed at a height of 1.5-1.7 m, so that it is convenient to reach it, and taking meter readings or turning off the knife switch was carried out quickly, but was inaccessible to children.
• If the door opens into the room, install the switch on a wall free from the door leaf so that it is easy to reach.
• The cable is routed along the ceiling or along the top of the wall (depending on the fixing points of the fixtures).
• If you need to keep a distance of 0.5-0.8 m from the floor for sockets, then there are restrictions on 0.5 m distance from pipes, radiators and heaters, gas or electric stoves.
• Wiring for sockets is laid along the bottom of the walls.
• For every 6 m 2 there should be no more than 1 socket for living rooms, and for the kitchen and other rooms it is possible large quantity outlets for powering electrical appliances.
• It is best to install a separate step-down transformer for supplying power to the bathroom outdoors with high humidity.
• In order to preserve the integrity of the cable during perforation or installation, the wiring must not be damaged, it must be laid vertically or horizontally without a diagonal arrangement or any bends in the direction.
• It is necessary to retreat at least 15 cm from the floor, ceiling, and from 5-10 cm from cornices and ceilings. In relation to window and door openings, you need to retreat from the edge of 10 cm, and if there are gas pipes near the walls, then the minimum indent increases to 0.4 m
• Wiring should be well insulated from metal structures, for example, metal profiles under plasterboard and other wall and ceiling coverings.
• To connect cables, their wiring should use boxes in which all connections are insulated.

Forbidden direct connection aluminum wiring with copper, as it is a fire hazard. It is performed only by specialists or is completely excluded.

Mounting methods

Depending on the needs of the owners of the house, materials for the construction of the building and interior wall decoration, there are open and hidden installation wiring. There are no very significant differences for the entire power supply system at home. You need to know the principles of installation, the features of the subsequent use of the network.

Open

Installation sequence:

1. The project of the electrical network is being drawn up.
2. According to the drawn scheme, markings are applied to the walls, the ceiling.
3. In places marked for cable channels and boxes, recesses are made: with a grinder or a chisel with a hammer - for channels, a drill with a crown nozzle of the desired diameter with a victorious coating - for drilling round recesses.
4. Self-tapping screws fix socket boxes, boxes for connecting and distributing wiring, installing switches, sockets.
5. Cable laying is carried out to SCHO from connection points and sockets. For this, VVG and wires with a cross section of 2.5 mm 2 will be used. Depending on the calculated load of the electrical network, different cables are used: two-, three- or four-core, different sections, copper or aluminum.
6. VVG from switches and lamps will be carried out to the distribution block.

It is best to make markings when laying wiring in a private house, using multi-colored thermal nozzles. Then it will be easier to operate with wires without getting confused in their purpose.

In distribution blocks, WAGO (quick clamp terminals) or PPE caps (colored clamps) are used to connect wire cores. A VVG cable per phase is included in the SCW, a neutral (zero) with a top mount is included in the RCD, and a ground wire is connected from below. After complete assembly and connection of all elements of the network, you need to ring it with a multitester and invite an electrician for reinsurance.

Hidden

Laying electrical wiring by a hidden method has minimal differences: all wires that connect the main components and devices of the system are placed in the corrugation(plastic perforated pipe). It is installed under plasterboard or other types of finishes, it can be embedded in the wall. For this, gypsum putty or other decorative finishing materials are used.

In case of sudden repairs after the completion of all facing works, it will not be necessary to destroy the decorative coating. Junction boxes, socket boxes are fixed in pre-drilled or chiselled niches.

Project and wiring diagram

The most important stage, since the efficiency of operation, load distribution on the main lines of the system, and safety for residents depend on the quality of performance. Therefore, it is best to entrust this to electricians. The main points to consider when drafting a project:

• location, characteristics of the shield;
• measuring device, establishment of power supply to the house;
• cables and sockets for connecting powerful devices: washing machine, electric stoves, heaters;
• wiring for organizing group lighting;
• wires for group wiring for switches;
• cables for group wiring for sockets for different household appliances, lighting elements, decorative lamps;
• electric lighting cartridges;
• switches;
• sockets.

To draw up the diagram, symbols should be used that indicate the location:

• single, double, triple or other type of light switch;
• single, double or multiple outlet;
• lighting points;
• lighting shield;
• junction box;
• introductory cabinet;
• 1-, 2-, …, nth group wires.

It is necessary to make a scaled drawing of each floor of the house and premises separately.

After specifying the location of the main components and devices on the diagram, the wiring layout is drawn. Its type can be mixed, serial or parallel, which should be used as economically and efficiently as possible for a specific task.

For example, it is better to parallel connect several outlets in the kitchen when in large numbers household appliances used at the same time to reduce the total load on the wiring.

To organize lighting at home, it is best to break the system into several lines:

• living rooms, corridor and kitchen;
• bathroom, toilet;
• power outlets in the corridor, living rooms;
• power supply for kitchen sockets;
• cable for connecting the electric stove.

In the above example of dividing lighting into groups, one of the options is used, since each owner can organize the power supply of the fixtures according to their needs.

Illumination erection

When laying electrical wiring to organize lighting inside or outside a private house, you must adhere to the basic rule: the total power per 5 m 2 of wall area should not exceed 60–75 kW. From this rule, the optimal number of fixtures is calculated, the optimal method of wiring is selected.

Facade

To organize the lighting of the facade of a private house, you must adhere to the following rules:

• This requires the mandatory organization of a separate shield, which can be installed in any utility room, for example, a barn or garage, but always dry. This is necessary for lighting, since one bulb at the entrance does not need to be transferred to a separate switchboard.
• Outdoor switchboards must have a high moisture protection class IP 45 and temperature resistance from +5 ⁰С.
• For wiring, use SIP wire or cable.
• The plan and layout of fixtures and outdoor sockets, wiring should be developed very carefully.
• Additional installation of timers, sensors, remote control, other ways to control lighting with the installation of a starter in a switch cabinet will make it economical.
• The protection class of luminaires for lighting the facade must be from IP54, installation height - at least 2.5 from the ground.
• For ground lamps, drainage is created so that moisture is effectively removed and does not spoil the devices.

Street light in the yard

Masters recommend installing halogen lamps in the form of free-standing lamps or spotlights to illuminate the yard, which flood large areas with a powerful stream of light. The type of lighting is chosen according to the size of the site, the purpose of the lighting and the height of the private house.

Floodlights are recommended for buildings over 2-3 floors and large flat areas that are not blocked by tall vegetation or outbuildings. Lantern lighting is suitable for the local area with landscape design, vegetation zoning or many additional structures.

Attention

It will be difficult to hide inside the flood of light from the spotlight. On the one hand, this is an excellent remedy against unauthorized entry of uninvited guests, on the other hand, discomfort for the owners, who will be blinded by a bright stream of rays.

Peculiarity halogen lamps- the ability to control the radius and direction of the beam, many other interesting lighting effects. Powerful uniform flooding comes from economical LED street lamps. To organize more uniform illumination of different individual sections of the yard, it is better to choose distributed lighting. To make everything look harmonious, it is necessary to select the style of the lamps in accordance with the design of the site or its individual zones.

We told how to competently organize street lighting on our own.

LED grow lights

Many of the plants that people grow indoors on windowsills, or even in large pots on the floor, love light, or illumination that lasts longer than the daylight hours in a particular region. To organize it, a full-spectrum is arranged in the house; devices can be assembled with your own hands.

Phyto-LEDs with a wide light spectrum are needed, which will provide all the needs of the plant. These lamps use the Epistar crystal. Phytolamps effectively remove heat from the plant, providing comfortable conditions even with a lack of natural light or in winter.

You will learn how to independently organize LED lighting at home, and we told you how you can make an LED chandelier with your own hands.

A photo

Safety

To avoid getting hurt electric shock or when using a power tool you must follow the rules of work:

1. Before any actions with electrical wiring, appliances, other elements of the household network, you must completely turn off the power, make sure that no one accidentally turns it on.
2. Apply the markings when the power is off, having checked before that for the presence of old wiring or other communication engineering networks in the walls, ceiling with a building metal detector.
3. Do not deviate from the scheme and project made when cutting out niches for junction boxes, socket boxes, and other network elements.
4. The cable must be cut with a margin so that, in addition to the length, there is at least 10–15 cm between the connection points, for example, a socket and a junction box, on both sides. This is necessary for easy repairs in the future in case of burned contacts or other malfunctions.
5. Start laying the line for organizing lighting from the main shield, and do not allow twisting of wires in junction boxes - only soldering or WAGO terminals.
6. Before turning on the network, “ring” all the lines with a multimeter, make sure that there are no sections with a short circuit.
7. Test the operation of the electrical system after all checks and tests have been completed.

It is advisable to use gloves with a dielectric coating, boots with rubber soles.

Recommendations of experts for self-assembly in the house:

1. Conductors with copper conductors are better able to withstand loads from currents even when several consumers are connected at once. Aluminum wires are fragile, requiring larger diameter products for current commensurate with thinner copper conductors.
2. Lighting is best divided into several groups. If a breakdown occurs in a separate room, there will be no need to de-energize the entire building.
3. To control the intensity of the light flux, a dimmer is used, which is best installed in the living room, children's room, bedroom.
4. A safer, more aesthetic way to install electrical wiring is the hidden method.
5. It is better to use thermal nozzles for marking, with which it will be easier to identify a malfunction and fix it.

The organization of lighting in a private house is a time-consuming and painstaking task. It is necessary to calculate the maximum allowable load, the planned number and power of household appliances, style, so that the lighting looks natural. With all the precautions, it is not difficult to make lighting in the house, but it will take a lot of time and effort.

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Ecology of knowledge. Manor: For a country house, high-quality lighting is the key to real comfort. There are few basic conditions - lighting must be technologically advanced, safe to use and solved individually.

For a country house, high-quality lighting is the key to real comfort. There are few basic conditions - lighting must be technologically advanced, safe to use and solved individually. Each house and each of its premises requires a special approach to lighting design.

Lighting for the living room and kitchen

Both the kitchen and the living room are active rooms and are multifunctional. Lighting for the active zones of the house is developed to the maximum, and provided for at the most early stages designing a house - when choosing the orientation of the main premises according to the cardinal points.

The best options for natural lighting are the orientation of the room to the south and east; this part of the house is usually given to the children's room, living room and kitchen. Summer afternoon shading is done depending on the level of insolation. Evening electric lighting in any case should be uniform and warm.

In country houses, the kitchen is a very special room, and modern layouts position the kitchen as a combined dining room and even a living room - family gatherings and receiving guests are convenient and justified in the active kitchen area of ​​\u200b\u200bfree space and with good lighting. Proper lighting of such a multifunctional kitchen-dining room requires the organization of several lighting scenarios.

For a reception or a festive family dinner, lighting requires a special approach, depending on the size and style of the available room.

Suspended modern chandeliers of large sizes are appropriate in living rooms, and for chamber gatherings in the evening the best option there will be soft diffused and directional lighting with floor lamps and wall sconces, fabric lampshades and ecological lamps made of wood and textiles are in perfect harmony with quiet evenings.

The fireplace area of ​​the living room also involves lighting, usually symmetrical - each side of the fireplace shelf is illuminated by a separate wall sconce, corner fireplaces are emphasized by floor lamps that give a dim directional light.

Light in recreation areas

For relaxation in any apartment and house there are separate, special zones, and the lighting of these zones should be soft, conducive to relaxation - it can be a floor lamp, a floor lamp or a suspended ceiling light of the “floating ceiling” design. Soft and cozy curtain lighting can be combined with floor lamps, sconces and ceiling lights to create constant light.

For the bedroom, bedside areas are illuminated with symmetrically located sconces or table lamps with diffusing lampshades, usually these additional light sources are used for reading. For general lighting, hanging chandeliers, built-in or LED lighting in tiered structures are used - the main choice is the personal preferences of the owners. One of the reasons for organizing general lighting is to reduce the sharp drop in light brightness.

Lighting of stairs, hallways, lobbies, corridors

For a hallway, bright lighting is very important, since this room is the first to tell both the house and the owners, and should create the most favorable impression. Under the condition of brightness, the light should not cause visual discomfort when entering the hallway, but nevertheless be of sufficient strength for comfort when gathering at the mirror before leaving the house.

In the hallways, wall sconces are very appropriate, as in any part of the house - these lamps are very functional. By tradition, sconces illuminate areas of rooms with mirrors and interior elements that they want to draw attention to.

A long corridor is beautifully illuminated by a series of single-plane lighting fixtures placed at the same height or in a given sequence. The visual narrowing of space occurs only when wall lamps are installed at one height level symmetrically to the axis of a long corridor, one row, on the contrary, creates a slight effect of additional space.

Stairs must be illuminated, the illumination of stairs is a requirement for safe operation. For stairs, diffused light fixtures and lamps are used, giving a small brightness, for LEDs it is only 3 watts.

The special lighting of the stairs with markers is modern and economical, and in terms of design it is a logical solution to create an effect that can transform the entire lobby space. Today, markers are among the most advanced home lighting equipment, and they provide huge design possibilities - realistic imitations of natural scenes or simple lanterns, any choice will be successful.

The markers are specially designed to illuminate the stairs and a small space around, it is impossible to dazzle a person on the stairs, since the light flux is strictly directed. Moreover, low power is enough, which has a positive effect on savings.

Cottage outdoor lighting

Lighting equipment and its layout for lighting the street of the cottage solves several problems:

• There should be enough light to make residents feel comfortable, while at the same time meeting the safety condition
• Successfully illuminating the facade means emphasizing the individual architectural features of the house, giving additional aesthetics to the entire cottage area
• The landscape at night becomes fabulously beautiful, but the practical aspect is no less important - safety.

Savings on landscape lighting is not the most the best solution, precisely because of the safety of traffic on the site at night. The most magnificent interior will not replace the convenience of entering and leaving the house. The arrangement of street lamps is carried out in such a way that the garden area and the landscape look beautiful both on the street and when looking through the windows from inside the house.

Lighting equipment for a smart country house

Today, there are already a number of devices and devices for the increased comfort of lighting private houses, and one of the main trends is economic efficiency. Motion sensor, twilight switch, time relay and other devices save resources and create the highest possible comfort in the house and landscape area.

Briefly about the functions of some devices and devices:

• A walk-through switch will allow you to turn on the lighting when entering the room, which is very convenient and traditional, but it is possible to turn off the light in any part of the room - an additional plus.
• If you forgot to turn off the lights on the stairs, in the kitchen or any other room, then installing a time relay will remove this problem - the power will turn off after the time interval you set.
• Motion sensors are economical and convenient: they turn on the lighting when the owner finds it in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, and after a time delay - also set - turn off the light in an empty room or hallway.
• It is even more convenient if the lighting panel and switches are made according to the touch type.

Versions of electrical fittings are available for external and internal installation, and for the selection and preparation of a plan for the arrangement of devices, there is an ip code that gives all information about the possible use and parameters of the lighting device.

Smart equipment requires a qualified approach, all elements are selected and adjusted for long and correct operation.

It would be wrong to approach the selection of devices and placement without a clear plan and taking into account the parameters of devices and devices. But with a successful lighting design, the backyard plot and interior design win powerfully in terms of energy savings, aesthetics and comfort.