State information policy. The concept of state information policy Definition of state information policy

The organization of the work of the press center should provide for the possibility of round-the-clock interaction between its employees and representatives of the press. This requires a shift mode of operation of the press center and the ability to quickly communicate with its main employees during non-working hours (for example, at night).

The press liaison should aim to do more than just read large quantity newspapers and magazines related to the profile of their work, but also to independently write relevant notes, articles and analytical reviews.

The emergence of unforeseen (including crisis) situations in the activities of the administration is usually accompanied by an increase and complication of information flows. In this situation, the press service must have not only reliable means of operational communication, but also a clear action plan to avoid transmitting inaccurate, unverified or deliberately false information to various media, and prevent the emergence of an information vacuum and possible panic.

Information transmitted to the media should always be honest, reliable and trustworthy. The truth should always be told, even if it is not particularly pleasant for the administration itself. The attitude of the media, and through them the public, towards the organization and its representatives depends on this.

The most important task of the press center is preparing and holding press conferences.

Press conferences- one of the most common and effective ways of organizing public relations and transmitting the necessary information to it through an intermediary, whose role in this case is played by the press and other media.

Press conferences are appropriate in cases where it is necessary:

* inform your public about any important and extraordinary event in your life;

* present a new development concept that arouses mass public interest;

* resolve controversial issues that have long been discussed by the public;

* establish personal contacts between the organization’s management and media representatives.

Of course, if there are sufficient funds, specialists, etc. The PR structure, together with the press center, may include other formations: an information and analytical service, a unit for working with applications and complaints from citizens; television, radio, photo department, editorial office of its own publication, etc.

Functional features of the activities of PR services in authorities state power determine their organizational structure. As practice shows, most often the structures that deal with public relations in government agencies consist of four divisions.

* Information and analytical department.

* Information Communications Department.

* Department for work with political parties and public organizations.

* Organizational and legal department.

An analysis of the activities of modern Russian government public relations structures shows that the distribution of responsibilities between these units, as a rule, occurs as follows.

Tasks of the information and analytical department

1. Collection and analysis of information of a socio-political nature related to the implementation of political and economic activity The Government and State Duma of the Russian Federation, regional executive and legislative bodies.

2. Monitoring, analysis of the state and dynamics of public opinion in the process of implementing economic, political and social programs and shares.

3. Analysis of the activities of regional media in covering and interpreting the activities of federal and regional government bodies.

4. Forecasting the socio-political situation and possible scenarios for the development of events in the country, region, subject of the Russian Federation, in connection with the implementation of initiatives, political actions, expenses in economic and social policy both federal and regional authorities.

5. Examination of materials informing about the activities of public authorities.

6. Development of methodological recommendations for information support activities of the authority, dissemination of information and information exchange in the interests of forming a complete and reliably positive assessment by the population of the authority.

Objectives of the Information Communications Department

1. Formation of an objective public opinion about the activities of a public authority.

2. Informing about the activities and explaining the decisions made and practical actions of authorities.

3. Accreditation and support of journalists at a state institution, in the manner prescribed by current legislation.

4. Preparation and distribution of statements, messages, press releases and other official information materials of public authorities.

5. Conducting explanatory events using various forms (advertising brochures, information stands, leaflets, newsletters, public opinion polls, etc.).

6. Conducting an analysis of publications in the press, radio and television information, letters and appeals from citizens, requests from media editors. Preparation, based on the analysis of letters, citizens' appeals, press publications and television and radio information, requests from the media, proposals for ensuring information activities of the public authority.

7. Preparation and distribution of official refutations in the event of publication of untrue information about the activities of the administration.

8. Organization of interaction with print and electronic media in the preparation of publications and television and radio programs dedicated to the activities of structural and territorial divisions of the government.

9. Release of printed, television, radio and video products dedicated to the activities of the government body and aimed at increasing the investment attractiveness of the region.

Tasks of the department for work with public associations

1. Supporting the activities and interaction with public associations, ensuring the activities of bodies for interaction with public associations, participating in the organization and holding of consultative meetings with political parties and movements.

2. Representing the government at official events: rallies, meetings, conferences, etc. Participation in the organization and conduct of citywide events according to the activity plan of the government authority, as well as participation in the organization and conduct of events organized by public associations. Representation of the administration at events held by public associations.

3. Organization of public opinion research on the most important issues in the life of the country, subject of the Russian Federation.

4. Collection and analysis of information of a socio-political nature related to the implementation of political and economic activities of the Administration and regional executive and legislative bodies.

5. Providing the public relations service with current, analytical, forecast information related to assessing the state of public opinion and the nature of socio-political processes.

6. Development of recommendations on information support for the activities of the government body, dissemination of information and implementation of information exchange, in the interests of forming a complete, reliably positive assessment of the results of the administration’s activities.

7. Interaction with deputies of legislative power at various levels, as well as deputies of municipal councils on issues within the competence of the unit.

8. Coordination of applications from public associations and initiative groups of citizens to conduct mass civil actions (pickets, rallies, processions, demonstrations).

9. Organization of activities for the distribution of budget funds in the form of grants for the implementation of the most social significant projects public associations. Preparation of draft agreements (contracts) with the winners of relevant competitions.

Tasks of the organizational and legal department

1. Organization and implementation of legal examination of documents issued or transferred to the public relations service for approval or approval; management of the examination, maintenance and registration of business contracts of the PR service.

2. Organization and holding of press conferences, briefings, round tables with the participation of administration employees and representatives of the media. Organization and coverage of events held with the participation of top officials, visits of official delegations, as well as assistance in the organization, conduct and coverage of mass public events and actions.

3. Ensuring solutions to issues of placement and operation of outdoor advertising and information objects in the region, interaction with organizations and enterprises working in this area.

4. Order and purchase in the prescribed manner printed materials, information technology equipment, software, office equipment for carrying out the activities of the public relations service. Organizing and conducting the necessary competitive procedures for placing an order for contract work for state needs under budget items supervised by the department.

5. Management of providing the activities of public relations employees with office equipment, furniture and stationery, as well as accounting and control of material assets.

6. Organization of work with personnel and personnel records management, ensuring the work of the reception office of the head of the PR service.

7. Involvement of managers and employees of other departments in their activities government agency, as well as in accordance with the current legislation of specialists on contractual terms to resolve issues within the competence of the unit.

8. Organization and control of competitions for placing orders for contract work for state needs on budget items supervised by the department: conducting competitive and other pre-contractual procedures, preparing draft contracts, as well as monitoring their implementation when spending budget funds on target items.

9. Ensuring the preparation of appeals to state and municipal authorities on issues of competence of management activities.

Information materials prepared by PR service specialists for transmission to the media can be divided into the following main types:

* materials on current events in the activities of the administration;

* thematic reviews;

* analytical articles;

* statistical reports for a certain period of time;

* refutation of unreliable or deliberately false information about the company previously published on the pages of newspapers and magazines;

* answers to questions from readers, criticism of the administration, requests from the media;

When preparing the listed materials, a public relations specialist should not seek to replace a journalist in working on the text of messages intended for publication. Its task is to timely prepare reliable information (for example, in the form of a press statement, press release, etc.). The journalist, in turn, based on the information received, must write the text of the message, using professional skills, accumulated experience and personal point of view on the issue being covered.

The organizational structure of services in government bodies should be determined by their functional characteristics. The task is to use an organizational structure that most fully corresponds to the set goals and objectives, best allows you to interact with the external environment, productively distribute and direct the efforts of your employees, and thus satisfy the needs of the managed object and achieve your goals.

The activities of PR structures and qualified specialists are designed to professionally and competently establish constructive connections and relationships with a segmented public. In addition, this activity helps managers and employees at all levels to see and understand the multifactorial nature that must be taken into account when forming regional policy.

PR service is a specialized, intermediary communication and information activity aimed at establishing channels of bilateral interaction between the structures of state and municipal government (GMU) and the segmented public, with other subjects of the socio-political process to achieve mutual understanding, cooperation and social partnership in society. It is designed to help the administration when making management decisions, focusing it on the mood and possible reactions of the public when starting any business; prepare public opinion for a correct understanding of the administration’s actions; convince people that this or that innovation will turn out to be beneficial (benefit) for them; change mass consciousness, fight mistrust and rumors; gain authority, reputation (image) and awaken the energy of the population to combat inertia. the main task PR is the development of government actions in dialogue with the public, models of cooperation in order to prevent social conflicts in which the behavioral component dominates. The higher the level of readiness of power structures to act in critical situations, the faster and more painlessly they are resolved.

It should be noted that the information policy of the State Medical University in organizing its own information space is largely declarative in nature due to the fact that the main means of its implementation - PR structures in regional and municipal administrations have not received proper development, and public relations work on the new canons of PR -action continues to be a pioneering work. In administrations Badly know the potential and possibilities of using PR, do not get their bearings to public responses when making management decisions, developing social projects in the region, not organize a system of “public participation”, constant dialogue between the authorities and the population, as one of the fundamental conditions for its successful functioning. In turn, the public is poorly informed about the nature of the administration’s chosen political positions, the essence and program of its political course, and the motives for making certain decisions and initiatives. People rarely hear from responsible officials and are out of the habit of listening to their opinions on important issues of reforming society carried out locally. However, today the limit of top-down bureaucracy has been exhausted. The goal is to bring the state and municipal apparatus closer to citizens and their organizations, to make its work more open, responsive, democratic and to strengthen relations with the public.

The optimal and rational organization of PR services is an effective means for implementing the information policy of State Medical University in its own information space. Their organization should be based on the following conceptual guidelines.

1. Possession of independent competence and active constructive activity, constituting public relations and relations with the help of a complex of “persuasive” communication and information technologies with the presence of its own budget.

2. Creation system network information and communication channels direct and feedback(“nerves of government”): the government must inform the public and be informed.

3. Implementation of a unified information policy of the administration, ensuring the integration of information flows with management decisions and positions.

4. Achieving a program of civil consent in solving management problems based on the coordination of the interests of the public (managed) and government agencies (managers), so that their decisions are accepted (recognizable, understandable, desirable).

5. Inclusion (participation) of the public in management activities as an equal subject of social relations: dialogue between the authorities and the public so that its interests, desires, and aspirations are taken into account.

6. Creation of a set of conditions for the systematic implementation of the potential of the public relations service and representation of the interests of the administration outside the region (government, other regions, international relations).

7. Training (retraining) of qualified PR specialists in public relations with the knowledge and skills to perform the functions of a press secretary, manager of a communication and information structure, public relations, relations with the media, formation of public opinion, corporate culture, image making, etc.

To the main directions The activities of PR specialists should include:

Information and explanatory support for the strategy and tactics of ministries, ensuring the integration of information flows with management decisions;

Organizational and technological support for the participation of senior government officials in working with the public (business meetings, official receptions, speeches, press conferences, video and photo services, media relations, etc.);

Preparation and implementation of PR campaigns, actions of regular change-transforming, educational and educational impact on the public, comprehensively informing them about the activities of the government body and the benefits it brings to society, significantly increasing the effect of management;

Constant monitoring on professional issues and informing management about the state of public opinion, possible responses of the population to the policies pursued or planned by ministries;

Development of specific proposals on the formation of public opinion, corporate culture, image-making projects and much more.

The state occupies a special place among the subjects of information policy. This is due to its specific role in ensuring the functioning of the political system of society.

Firstly, being a political-territorial sovereign organization of public power, “capable of making its orders binding on the population of the entire country,” the state is the guarantor of the sustainability of social, including political, development. As part of this task, it traditionally carries out:

management and support functions related to the creation of conditions, stable and sustainable norms, rules of behavior of people, public associations in the implementation of social relations, with the adoption of measures to implement these norms and rules;

protective functions related to suppression of violations of established procedures, influence on violators, restoration of the disturbed state, protection from external and internal threats to society and the state.

Secondly, in a society with a market economy and a democratic regime based on moderate ideologies (liberalism, conservatism), the state acquires the features of a “rule of law state” and, in addition to the traditional functions highlighted above, additionally carries out the function civil society services. This function is associated, first of all, with strengthening and expanding guarantees for the implementation of the rights and freedoms of citizens, with the provision by government bodies and officials of services established by law to citizens, reducing the costs of meeting the needs and interests of citizens and civil society organizations.

Finally, thirdly, the exercise of functions of public power by the state occurs under the leadership of the subject of politics who has this power. This subject to solve the political problems facing it, within the framework established by law, it has the right to use the state apparatus and the “public” material base (state, government property, its sources of income, taxes). From this point of view, the state can be considered as a public instrument for uniting people, attracting society’s resources to resolve the most pressing problems of social development based on the ideology of a political subject with public power.

It should be noted that one of the most important functions of the state as an organization of public power is legitimization of politics as a form of identifying priorities for social development based on the struggle of socially active forces of society, that is, legal regulation of relations in the field of political struggle and ensuring compliance with legal requirements by all its subjects. If the state fails to fulfill this function, the political struggle goes beyond the legal field and is waged from a position of social strength, often associated with social and individual violence. A typical example of such situations are the so-called “color revolutions”, in which it is not difficult to find external political subjects interested in such illegitimate, “violent” development of the struggle. These forces are included in the political struggle (in politics) on the side of one of the political subjects, increasing his chances of seizing public power and implementing a political ideology related to resolving the most pressing problems of social development.

The state acts as an active subject of politics and, therefore, political struggle due to the fact that it provides legislative consolidation of the rules, forms and boundaries of this struggle, carries out law enforcement and law enforcement practice in this area, as well as within the limits established by law participates in this struggle on the side of a subject with public power.

Based on this , essence of the state in the social dimension consists in the legitimate use of coercion and other resources of public power to unite people for the sake of the public good, including preserving the integrity of society and ensuring its effective development, and in the subjective dimension– in using the resources of public power to implement the ideological ideas of the subject who has this power about rational ways of resolving the most acute contradictions of social development.

The essence of the state is manifested through public policy, which can be determined as the activity of state bodies and officials based on law, legitimate coercion and the necessary provision of resources to maintain the functioning of the institutions of society and the state, ensure the security of the territory and population, as well as to implement the ideological program of the entity holding public power.

This definition is consistent with the disclosure this concept in the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Based on this, essence of public policy in the social dimension consists in the legitimate use of public power resources to unite people for the sake of the public good, including for the sake of preserving the integrity of society and ensuring its effective development.

The essence of public policy in the subjective dimensionconsists in using the legal and organizational mechanisms of public power to implement the ideological ideas of a political subject who has public power about rational mechanisms for resolving the most acute contradictions of social development.

As is known, the most effective means of implementing public policy include:

legal regulation of public relations;

planning and programming the activities of executive authorities in priority areas of policy;

budgetary financing and other resource support for the activities of government bodies and other subjects of implementation of state policy;

law enforcement activities.

The term “state information policy” is not new. It is quite widely used in legislation.

Thus, in the regulations of the activities of the Federation Council and the State Duma, the content of the term “information policy of the Russian Federation” is not disclosed, but in the subjects of the relevant commission and committee, the subject area of ​​this policy includes issues of the media, information technology and informatization, the development of a unified information space of the Russian Federation. Federation, publishing and printing activities, information exchange, development computer networks public use, distribution of periodicals, books and other printed materials, audio and video products, such constitutional rights of citizens as freedom of speech, the right to receive and disseminate information, as well as issues of the Internet, distribution of printed materials and book publishing, functioning of electronic media, protecting the rights of journalists and information security.

The Concept of State Information Policy of the Russian Federation, approved by the State Duma Committee on Information Policy and Communications, enshrines the following definition of state information policy - “a set of goals reflecting the national interests of Russia in the information sphere, strategic directions for achieving them (tasks) and a system of measures that implement them " At the same time, it is proposed to consider the long-term strategic goal of the state information policy to be “ensuring the transition to a new stage of Russia’s development - the construction of a democratic information society and the country’s entry into the global information community.” In a similar way, the definition of “information policy” is disclosed in the Concept of information policy of the Republic of Buryatia.

In the concept of information policy of the Sakhalin region, the concept of “information policy of the administration of the Sakhalin region” is introduced, which is revealed as a set of goals, means and mechanisms for implementing measures of a legal, economic, political, marketing, social and organizational nature, used by the administration of the Sakhalin region to create its information field.

In the regulations on the Department of Public Relations and Information Policy of the Moscow City Hall, there is no definition of “information policy”. At the same time, the subject of this policy includes the study of public opinion on the activities of the Moscow City Hall, information interaction with central and regional media in order to convey to the residents of Moscow, the Russian Federation as a whole and to citizens of foreign countries the official position of the Moscow City Hall on its activities in the city , interregional and international levels, on other topical issues of urban, Russian and international politics, the formation of a city policy in relation to the media, which provides as the most important task the provision of residents of Moscow, the country as a whole, as well as citizens of foreign countries with objective information about the politics of Moscow.

As follows from the examples given, the term “ state information policy" is interpreted in legislation as a special area of ​​activity in the information sphere of government bodies and officials to perform the main functions of the state.

This area includes social relations related to the use of the information sphere to perform:

management, support and protective functions of the state;

civil society service functions;

functions of maintaining (within the framework established by law) the struggle of political subjects in the information sphere for the possession of public power.

Using the information sphere to perform management, support and security functions of the state covers issues of the formation and development of procedures for information interaction between government bodies and civil society organizations and among themselves in the process of lawmaking and law enforcement practice, judicial review of cases, development of the information infrastructure of public administration, ensuring the country's defense and state security. Within the framework of this dimension of state information policy, issues of developing the information sphere of society, the media and communication system, ensuring the security and sustainability of their functioning, promoting the development of information and communication technologies, increasing the information resources of society, as well as countering attempts to exert “information pressure” are also considered. on the state and society from political subjects of foreign countries, criminal organizations and social groups who do not participate in the legitimate struggle for the right to wield public power.

Using the information sphere to perform the function of serving civil society is associated, first of all, with ensuring the openness of society for citizens and thereby creating conditions for their competent participation in managing the affairs of society, the effective use of rights and freedoms in order to meet the needs and requirements of citizens.

Using the information sphere to perform the function of supporting (within the framework established by law) the struggle of political subjects in the information sphere for the possession of public power covers issues of legal regulation of relations in the field of using the media and communication to promote the ideological programs of political subjects, campaigning for these programs, competition for public support for ideological programs, compliance with legal restrictions in the implementation of information activities by political subjects.

As noted above, a separate function of the state is to implement the ideological program of subjects who have public power. The use of the information sphere to perform the function of implementing the ideological program of subjects with public power, covers issues of ensuring public support for government policy measures aimed at resolving the most acute contradictions in social development. This support is necessary to solve problems both in creating conditions for people’s activities, directing their efforts in the most important (in the opinion of political subjects with public power) spheres of public life, and in updating the consciousness of society in accordance with the ideology of political subjects with public power . It is also necessary to stimulate the conscious participation of all social groups of society and individual citizens in the implementation of state policy, to maintain the idea of ​​the state as a symbol of social unity of citizens, their determination to ensure the achievement or maintenance of the competitiveness of society.

Winning public support also presupposes the establishment of a stable “negative feedback” with society, with political subjects who do not have public power, and with citizens. Only in this case does a political subject with public power have the opportunity to obtain an independent but interested public assessment of the success of their efforts to achieve political goals, an opportunity to look “from the outside” at the quality of the work of their bodies and institutions, and assess the level of support for their activities on the part of society, and society and citizens develop trust in the state, its officials and bodies, an understanding of state policy and a desire to participate in it are formed.

Based on this, state information policy can be defined as activities in the information sphere of state bodies and officials based on law, legitimate coercion and the necessary provision of resources to perform the main functions of the state and implement the ideological program of subjects with public power.

State information policy can be considered in two dimensions – public and subjective.

In the public dimension, state information policy is a phenomenon in the life of society as a whole and is aimed at promoting the achievement of the common good. This benefit consists of satisfying the following social needs:

maintaining the competitiveness of society;

maintaining social stability;

counteracting political subjects whose actions in the information sphere damage the competitiveness of society and social stability.

Without satisfying these needs, society cannot, in the real world of competitive interaction of social units, count on sustainable development and improving the quality of life of its members, which is the meaning and purpose of any social unity.

Society's need to maintain competitiveness, along with the development of the economy and social sphere, is satisfied through the development of social consciousness, which determines the possibility of society adapting to changes in the surrounding reality. These changes may affect the natural conditions of existence (ecological deterioration), the conditions of economic activity (the emergence of discoveries and inventions that significantly change the production conditions and consumer qualities of products), the international situation (increasing the danger of armed aggression, terrorist acts) and other factors. This adaptation occurs due to a change in cultural dominants in the public consciousness of the people. Thus, the decrease in fresh water reserves at the disposal of society gives rise to the need for the formation of cultural dominants associated with its conservation and effective use in all areas of human activity, the emergence of new means of production - with their effective and safe use in the production process, the emergence of a military or terrorist threat - with increased vigilance of members of society and an increase in the defense potential of the state.

As a result of the corresponding development of social consciousness, these cultural dominants acquire a special social value that allows them to determine people’s behavior and direct their activities to achieve the public good. In this sense, it is difficult to disagree with K. Marx that social being determines social consciousness. But it must also be noted that social consciousness determines the ability of society to adapt to changing living conditions, that is, the spiritual potential of its competitiveness and, therefore, determines social existence.

The need to maintain social stability necessitates the formation and maintenance of certain moral values ​​in society, the adherence to which standardizes people’s attitude to the facts and events of the surrounding reality. In social life, moral values ​​are manifested, in particular, through the institution of public opinion, within which the emotional attitude of people to socially important events in the life of society is formed.

The identification of public priorities in the formation of cultural and moral values ​​occurs as a result of the political struggle of socially active forces of society for the possession of public power. This struggle, as a rule, is carried out within the legal framework determined by national legislation. Due to the significant social importance of public priorities in the formation of cultural and moral values, the results of this struggle affect the interests of not only national political subjects, but also political subjects outside the national legal field. In this regard, the latter often make attempts either to influence the outcome of the political struggle in the area under consideration, or to damage the process of formation of these values. The consequence of such actions is damage to the competitiveness of society and social stability. In this regard, society has the need to counter political actors whose actions in the information sphere damage the competitiveness of society and social stability.

In societies that have developed mechanisms for satisfying these needs through attracting the potential of its members, the participation of the state in this activity is minimal. Accordingly, state information policy covers a relatively narrow, small area of ​​social relations, associated, first of all, with the use of legitimate coercion in relation to entities that harm the needs of society. In societies with weak mechanisms for involving its members in the activities in question, state participation is more significant and can affect a fairly wide area of ​​social activity. However, at the same time, the state uses its own means of influencing relevant social relations.

The socially acceptable level of state participation in the activity in question is determined as a result of the struggle of political subjects for public support for their ideological programs, for the right to use public power to implement these programs.

Based on the above, state information policy in the public dimension represents a social mechanism for determining and implementing public priorities in the development of the information sphere to perform the main functions of the state and ensure the legality of the use of this sphere in the struggle of political subjects for the possession of public power.

The essence of state information policy in the social dimensionis to create conditions for the development of the information sphere, ensuring the competitiveness of society and its sustainable development, as well as to attract people to unite for the development of cultural and preservation of the moral values ​​of society.

In the subjective dimension, state information policy is a phenomenon in the life of a political subject who has public power, and is aimed at satisfying his political interests related to the implementation of an ideological program for resolving the most acute contradictions of social development. Due to the fact that a political subject gets the opportunity to use public power as a result of competition with other political subjects, the provisions of his ideological program objectively reflect the needs of a larger or more active part of society in the development of cultural and preservation of moral values, in counteracting political subjects seeking to cause damage process of meeting these needs. Accordingly, the implementation of the mentioned provisions becomes one of important functions public authority. Considering that an important condition for the implementation of an ideological program is public support for the activities of the entity in its implementation both within the country and abroad (essentially, support for state policy), the state is objectively forced, within the framework defined by law, to provide assistance to the entity that has public power, in resolving this issue.

Based on this, state information policy in the subjective dimension can be defined as the activities of government bodies and officials in the information sphere to implement the provisions of the ideological program of the entity holding public power related to the development of the political consciousness of society and ensuring public support for its activities.

The essence of state information policy in the subjective dimensionconsists in using the legal and organizational mechanisms of public power to influence the information sphere of society and attract political subjects to resolve (based on the ideological program of the political subject with public power) the most acute contradictions in the socio-economic and political development of society.

Objects of state information policy are political consciousness and public opinion, and subject– methods and means of state influence on political consciousness and public opinion in order to attract citizens to support state policy measures, to participate in these events, as well as methods and means of countering “information pressure” on the state and society from illegitimate political forces of society and political forces of foreign states.

The essence of state information policy is manifested in its content and form.

Form of state information policy reflects the external manifestation of the state’s political activity to influence the processes of development of political consciousness and the formation of public opinion. According to experts, the activities of the state, including the implementation of policies, are carried out in the form of mechanisms of normative legal regulation of social relations in areas related to the development of political consciousness, the formation of public opinion and enshrined in the relevant normative legal acts (legal form), as well as in the form of organizational and managerial activities carried out by government bodies and officials in priority areas of state information policy (organizational form).

Thus, the essence of state information policy largely depends on the position of the researcher, who can consider this phenomenon both from the point of view of society and from the point of view of policy subjects. The most important essential quality of state information policy lies in the struggle of a political subject with public power for public support for his ideological program for resolving the contradictions of social development and activities to implement this program.

conclusions

1. The main essential quality of politics, which determines all its other qualities, properties and features as a phenomenon of social life, is the struggle between political subjects and other interested subjects of public life (including foreign and asocial ones).

Politics has a pronounced dualism, and when studying it, two main dimensions of politics are distinguished - public and subjective.

The social dimension of politics focuses attention, first of all, on the role of politics in stimulating social development, in resolving the problems and contradictions of this development. Within the framework of this dimension, politics is a universal mechanism for determining and implementing social development priorities based on the competitive struggle of political subjects for the acquisition and use of public power. The essence of politics in the social dimension lies in identifying the priorities of social development on the basis of the competitive struggle of political subjects to attract the resources of public power to resolve the most acute contradictions in public life.

The subjective dimension of politics focuses on the process of achieving the goals set by a specific political subject and satisfying his political interests. On this side, politics is a special area of ​​activity of a political subject associated with the struggle for mastery (in conditions of competition and/or cooperation with other political subjects) of public power resources (financial, spiritual, personnel, logistical, social, informational) and for the use of these resources to implement the policy subject’s ideas about the public good. The essence of politics in the subjective dimension is the achievement and maintenance by the subject of politics (in competition with political opponents and in cooperation with political allies) of an advantage in the possession of public power and in the use of this power to achieve the political goals of this subject.

2. Information policy in the social dimension is a universal social mechanism based on the competitive struggle of policy subjects in the information sphere for achieving and maintaining public support for policy subjects, their ideas about the content of the public good and ways to achieve it.

Information policy in the subjective dimension is a special area of ​​activity of a policy subject related to achieving and maintaining (in conditions of competition and/or cooperation with other policy subjects) public support

a) his ideas about the most pressing problems of social development and ways to solve these problems;

b) his claims to have public power.

3. State policy is the activity of state bodies and officials based on law, legitimate coercion and the necessary provision of resources to maintain the functioning of the institutions of society and the state, ensure the security of the territory and population, as well as to implement the ideological program of the entity holding public power.

The essence of state policy in the social dimension lies in the legitimate use of public power resources to unite people for the sake of the public good, including for the sake of preserving the integrity of society and ensuring its effective development.

The essence of state policy in the subjective dimension lies in the use of legal and organizational mechanisms of public power to implement the ideological ideas of the subject of politics who has public power about rational mechanisms for resolving the most acute contradictions of social development.

4. State information policy in the public dimension is a social mechanism for determining and implementing public priorities in the development of the information sphere to perform the main functions of the state and ensure the legitimacy of the use of this sphere in the struggle of political subjects for the possession of public power. The essence of state information policy in the social dimension is to create conditions for the development of the information sphere, ensuring the competitiveness of society and its sustainable development, as well as to attract people to unite for the development of cultural and preservation of the moral values ​​of society.

State information policy in the subjective dimension represents the activities of government bodies and officials in the information sphere to implement the provisions of the ideological program of a subject with public power related to the development of the political consciousness of society and ensuring public support for its activities. The essence of state information policy in the subjective dimension is the use of legal and organizational mechanisms of public power to influence the information sphere of society and attract political subjects to resolve (based on the ideological program of the political subject with public power) the most acute contradictions of socio-economic and political development society.

Define the essence of the policy.

Understanding the essence of state policy in the information sphere of human activity allows us to identify the qualitative signs of this independent and very important phenomenon of the social and political life of society, and to determine some patterns in the content and form of this policy.

In the scientific literature, the term “state policy in the field of computer science” in its scientific understanding is not widely used. This can be explained, if only because the concept of “computer science,” as we have already mentioned, is a field of knowledge about the nature of information, as well as methods and means of its processing and use. For public policy, what matters is not so much the area of ​​knowledge as the part of the sphere of practical human activity related to information. The relatively isolated and independent activity of the state in this area is usually defined as state information policy, although the term (word) chosen by science, as we know, does not always reflect the essence of the phenomena and processes that it is intended to express.

2.What are the semantic properties of state information policy?

The term “state information policy” is applicable precisely as a definition of a new area of ​​state activity in the 21st century. Considering this circumstance, it is necessary to consider it not only as a working term, but also at the level of a concept that unites large institutions of information knowledge in the field of government activity. In any case, for jurists who have professional knowledge in the field of development of state activities, the chosen term “state information policy” is most appropriate for understanding the essence of organized information activities. Moreover, accelerating the process of informatization of government bodies, as the substantive basis of legal regulation, is increasingly becoming a reality of jurisprudence as a science and the legal system as a whole.

1. Legitimization of politics;

2. Organizational and legislative consolidation of the rules, forms and boundaries of political struggle;

3. Within the framework established by law, participates in the political struggle on the side of the entity that has political power;

3. List the goals and objectives of the state information policy.

To characterize the degree of manifestation of the essence of the policy under consideration that is achievable in real conditions of socio-political development of society;

Present the spiritual benefits of social development and the results of the program of activity of the ruling entity in the information sphere, including resolving the most pressing problems and contradictions of the information society;

In Russia:

Promoting sustainable social development;

Ensuring public support for government policy measures.

The desired result of the activities of government bodies and officials in the information sphere;

Achieving the goal of state information policy at a certain, relatively stable interval or at some specific moment in social development.

4.Name the principles of state information policy.

The principles of state information policy represent the basic provisions that guide government bodies and officials when carrying out the tasks of state information policy.

These principles, on the one hand, reflect approaches to organizing the implementation of the main functions of the state (general principles), and on the other hand, they specify the provisions of the theoretical and conceptual subject area of ​​the information policy of the subject holding public power (special principles).

To the number general principles State information policy should include, first of all:

The principle of legality in the formation and implementation of state information policy lies in strict compliance with the norms of legislation with the supremacy of the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws;

The principle of scientific validity is the use of the results of scientific research in relevant fields of knowledge when preparing proposals on the content and form of state information policy;

The principle of unity lies in the development and observance of uniform approaches and requirements for all subjects of information activity for the development of program measures of state information policy and their implementation in the practice of informatization;

The principle of consistency - in taking into account, when determining the measures of state information policy and their implementation, all the main factors that have a significant impact on the implementation of policy objectives, including the volumes of financial, material, technological, human and other resources required for this;

The principle of efficiency is the use by the state to implement the policy of methods and means that are the most rational in relation to specific socio-political and other conditions for the implementation of state activities (for example, minimizing the costs of material and financial resources to achieve the goal of the state information policy, reducing the time it takes to achieve it, reducing volumes of resources attracted for this, etc.).

The special principles of state information policy include provisions that primarily determine the development of the information society in the Russian Federation: partnership between the state, business and civil society; freedom and equality of access to information and knowledge; support for domestic manufacturers of products and services in the field of information and telecommunications technologies; promoting the development of international cooperation in the field of information and telecommunication technologies; ensuring national security in the information sphere.

Special principles of state information policy can be found, for example, in the Concept for the Formation of a Vertically Integrated automated system public administration (GAS "Management").

Chapter 4.

STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT

INFORMATION SOCIETY OF RUSSIA

1.List the main features of the information society.

The concept of “information society” is the legal successor of the concept of “post-industrial society”, its detailing. Synonyms: “intellectual society”, “knowledge society”, “educated society”. The information society as an information (knowledge) stage in the development of material and spiritual culture of post-industrial civilization is a civilizational formation.

The first mention of the concept of information society dates back to the 60s. 20th century (USA, Japan). At that time, it was believed that the main distinguishing feature of the new society would be the information economy, the main product and resource of which would be information and its highest form - knowledge, and the main function - saving time with the help of information technology. At the same time, concerns were expressed that information could become a powerful power resource, the concentration of which could potentially lead to the emergence of an information version of a totalitarian state.

Over time, it became clear that the information society alone would not be sufficient. So that the mentioned danger to democracy does not arise in it, so that society develops harmoniously and in the interests of all citizens, it must be multifaceted, taking into account all aspects of life. In other words, the necessary features of the information society should not be limited to the material and economic interests of citizens, but also take into account their spiritual needs. Currently, the following set of such characteristics has developed:

· cult of knowledge;

· information economy;

· information culture;

· information market labor;

· information infrastructure;

· informatization of social technologies;

· information legislation.

Politics is a special sphere of people’s life, connected with power relations, with the state structure, social institutions, the operation of which is carried out in accordance with the law and is designed to guarantee the viability of citizens, communities of people, the realization of their common will, interests and needs.

State information policy (GIP) is the ability and opportunity of policy subjects to influence the consciousness, psyche of people, their behavior and activities with the help of information in the interests of the state and civil society. In a broader sense, it is a special sphere of people’s life associated with the reproduction and dissemination of information that satisfies the interests of the state and civil society, and aimed at ensuring a creative, constructive dialogue between them and their representatives.

The state information policy includes two aspects:

1. Implementation of legal regulation in the information field in accordance with the requirements of a democratic and civil society regarding information security.

2. Managing your own information space based on conducting a public dialogue with the public using full-fledged PR structures.

Let us dwell in more detail on each aspect we have highlighted.

Development of a regulatory framework the functioning of information infrastructure is an urgent complex task within the framework of the system of state and municipal government. In this aspect, our country has taken a serious step in the Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation, approved in 2000 by the President of the Russian Federation, which serves as the basis for the formation of state information policy. Information security, which is part of the country’s national security, here refers to the state of protection of the national interests of the Russian Federation in the information sphere, determined by the totality of balanced interests of the individual, society and the state.

Personal interests in the information sphere are to implement the constitutional rights of man and citizen to access information, to use information in the interests of carrying out activities not prohibited by law, physical, spiritual and intellectual development, as well as to protect information that ensures personal safety.

Interests of society in the information sphere are to ensure the interests of the individual in this area, strengthening democracy, creating a legal social state, achieving and maintaining public harmony, and the spiritual renewal of Russia.

Interests of the state in the information sphere are to create conditions for the harmonious development of the Russian information infrastructure, for the implementation of the constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen in the field of obtaining information and using it in order to ensure the inviolability of the constitutional system, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Russia, political, economic and social stability, in unconditionally ensuring law and order, developing equal and mutually beneficial international cooperation.

The practice of regulating the information sphere of democratic societies allows us to identify a number of areas of activity of state and municipal bodies , which include:

Encouraging competition: combating monopolism, controlling the concentration of ownership in the media, making decisions on the disintegration of monopolists;

Legal and technological support for the right and technical capabilities to access information and information resources of the entire population; narrowing the scope of departmental secrets;

Implementation of the concept of universal access, which implies a state guarantee for an ever-expanding range of information and telecommunication services to its citizens (telephone, e-mail, multimedia education);

Respect for freedom of speech regardless of the technological environment for the dissemination of information;

Protecting the interests of national minorities and the younger generation in the information sphere, especially in the field of: morality;

Strengthening national culture, language, opposing the cultural expansion of other countries, implementing projects to digitize artistic and scientific heritage;

Reorientation of the education system taking into account the requirements of the information society, introduction of distance learning;

Widespread use of telemedicine to provide services to the population of remote areas;

Ensuring information security of individuals and society, including the fight against computer and high-tech crimes;

Protection of intellectual property;

Purposeful use of information resources to form a more open, democratic state, expanding dialogue with citizens.

As for the second aspect of state information policy - managing your own information space , then the following can be said here.

The strategy of trust and social partnership in state and municipal administration determines, on the one hand, the need to have its own communication and information system capable of positioning the government, updating its programs, conducting a constructive public dialogue with the public and harmonizing public relations. On the other hand, the actions of the authorities must be open, understandable and controlled by the public. To do this you need to “talk” to people. These goals cannot be achieved without the help of appropriate means - PR structures (state PR: state - state), which the State Medical University authorities must be able to use effectively. This concept of “power-partnership” actually means a reorientation of the public service based on the fundamental foundations on which it should be based:

Not citizens for society, but society for citizens: the attitude towards citizens should be as a subject of governance (and not as an obedient object), opening up opportunities for equal and socially responsible cooperation;

It is not property that is subject to the common good, but the public good that flows from property;

It is not the state that gives freedom to citizens, but citizens who give the state a measure of freedom;

Laws are not the basis of people's rights, but human rights are the basis of laws;

The activities of the public service should be open (transparent) and controlled from below, which makes it responsive to the needs and demands of citizens.

The main task of PR structures is to develop government actions in dialogue with the public and models of cooperation between them.

Today, it can be stated that the information policy of the State Medical University bodies in organizing their own information space, unfortunately, is largely declarative in nature. This is due to the fact that the main means of its implementation - PR structures at the regional and local levels have not received proper development, and public relations work on the new canons of PR actions continues to be pioneering work.

However, today there is an understanding that the limit of the top-down bureaucracy has been exhausted, and the task is to bring the state and municipal apparatus closer to citizens and their organizations, to make its work more open, responsive, democratic and to strengthen relations with the public.

In this regard, we note conceptual settings , on which the organization of PR services should rely.

1. Possession of independent competence and active constructive activity, constituting public relations and relations with the help of a complex of “persuasive” communication and information technologies with the presence of its own budget.

2. Creation of a systemic network of information and communication channels of direct and feedback (“nerves of the government”); The authorities must inform the public and be informed.

3. Implementation of a unified information policy of the administration, ensuring the integration of information flows with management decisions and positions.

4. Achieving a program of civil consent in solving management problems based on the coordination of the interests of the public (managed) and government agencies (managers), so that their decisions are accepted (recognizable, understandable, desirable).

5. Inclusion (participation) of the public in management activities as an equal subject of social relations: dialogue between the authorities and the public so that its interests, desires, and aspirations are taken into account.

6. Creation of a set of conditions for the systematic implementation of the potential of the public relations service and representation of the interests of the administration outside the region (government, other regions, international relations).

7. Training (retraining) of qualified PR specialists in public relations with the knowledge and skills to perform the functions of a press secretary, manager of a communication and information structure, public relations, relations with the media, formation of public opinion, corporate culture, image making, etc.

To summarize the above, we note that in order to justify all the hopes placed on the GIP, it is necessary to develop its scientific base, improve legislation in the field of information and informatization and create an effective system for managing information resources based on dialogue between the authorities and the public.

In this regard, the implementation of the GIP can be designated as a priority task of our state, since it is the most important component of the foreign and domestic policy of the Russian Federation.

Summary

In modern society, the information component predetermines the efficiency and productivity of social relations: informatization of society about its real state, existing problems and possible options for resolving them allows carriers of interest groups and subjects of social action to find consensus solutions in the process of free information exchange that ensure democratic social order and peace.

The information infrastructure (infostructure) of society is a set of mass information: information flows, spaces that form the information field, which is the object of the pluralistic information policy of social organizations and government and administrative structures.

Information policy in a democratic and civil society is carried out on the basis of the principle of freedom of speech and press, mass information as an ideal. In its implementation, an active role belongs to the media, playing the role of “public observer”, “informant” (“fourth estate”) about all actions of government and management structures and free from any censorship control.

In the process of capitalization of Russian society, the fundamental innovations are the abolition of direct censorship, multi-subjectivity and commercialization of the media. At the same time, the need to ensure information security of society, protection from imbalances, and creative freedom of journalists in media activities determines the need for its regulation through legal norms social institutions that allow the imposition of restrictions and punishments in court for violation of constitutional provisions and laws on freedom of speech and press, and mass information.

Innovations also include the education of corporate PR structures in management systems and the need for their interaction with independent media, which is bilateral and mutually beneficial.

State information policy includes two aspects:

a) implementation of legal regulation in the information field in accordance with the Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation;

b) managing one’s own information space based on conducting a public dialogue with the public using full-fledged PR structures.

State policy in the information sphere. Concept, properties and functions of policy. Main goals, objectives and directions for the implementation of state policy in the information sphere.

System of management bodies in the information sphere. The concept of public administration in the broad and narrow senses, its content and structure of bodies. Powers of the President of the Russian Federation, the Parliament of the Russian Federation, the highest bodies of the judiciary of the Russian Federation, the Security Council of the Russian Federation, the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Russian Federation in the information sphere. Powers of the Government of the Russian Federation and the main federal executive authorities in the information sphere.

3.1. The concept and stages of state policy in the information sphere

Policy (from the Greek polis - city-state and the adjective from it - politikos: everything connected with the city - state, citizen, etc.; politika - state and public affairs) - a special form of social activity associated with the distribution and exercise of power within a state and between states.

There are state and non-state information policies. Non-state information policy carried out by the media, forming ideological, political, economic and other views, opinions, knowledge and assessments that influence everyday life, leisure, culture, behavior and all aspects of people’s lives.

Under government policy in the information sphere (state information policy (GIP)) should be understood as the policy (in the sense of the English term “policy” - course, strategy, and not “politic” - political struggle for power) pursued by government authorities in the information sphere of life of society and the state.

State information policy should be considered as a set of goals reflecting national interests in the information sphere, strategy, tactics, tasks of public administration, management decisions and methods for their implementation, developed and implemented by government authorities to regulate and improve the direct processes of information interaction in all spheres of society. both the state and the processes in the broad sense of technological support for such interaction.

In this regard, we will consider several interrelated concepts used in the implementation of state information policy: information sphere, information relations, information society.

Information sphere is a set of information, information infrastructure, entities collecting, generating, distributing and using information (information processes), as well as systems for regulating the social relations that arise in this case. It can also be said that the concept of the information sphere (environment) is disclosed legislatively as “the sphere of activity of subjects associated with the creation, transformation and consumption of information.”

Information sphere is considered as a sphere of legal regulation of information relations in order to identify the role and place of information in the legal system, study the motives and grounds for the production, transformation and use of information of various types and purposes, study the features and properties of information, study information processes and information relations arising during their execution, establishing information law institutions. It is in the information sphere that social relations arise that are subject to legal regulation, when performing information processes.

These social (public) relations that arise during the implementation of information processes and are subject to legal regulation are called information relations . They constitute the main subject of information law, the subject of its legal regulation.

The information sphere, being a system-forming factor in the life of society, actively influences the state of political, economic, defense and other components of the security of the Russian Federation. The national security of the Russian Federation significantly depends on ensuring information security, and with technological progress this dependence will increase.

The information sphere can be divided into four subject areas :

1) exercising the right to search, receive, transmit and use information;

2) production, transmission and distribution of original and derivative information; formation of information resources, preparation of information products, provision of information services;

3)creation and application information systems(AIS, database, knowledge bases), other information and telecommunication technologies;

4) creation and application of information security tools and mechanisms.

Each subject area includes disjoint sets of elements:

- information of various types, purposes, forms of presentation;

- information processes of production and circulation of information;

- subjects - participants and performers of information processes;

- social relations that arise during the execution of information processes, i.e. information relations.

When studying the information sphere, relationships regarding the exercise of rights are recorded, including restrictions on rights, fulfillment of duties, and establishment of responsibility.

Purpose of the GUI should be to ensure the transition to the information society, in particular:

- formation of the Russian information space,

- development of the mass information system,

- organization of international information exchange and integration of the Russian information space into the world information space.

Information society — theoretical concept of post-industrial society; the historical phase of the possible development of civilization, in which information and knowledge become the main products of production.

Distinctive features:

- increasing the role of information, knowledge and information technologies in the life of society;

- an increase in the number of people employed in information technology, communications and the production of information products and services in the gross domestic product;

- the growing informatization of society using telephony, radio, television, the Internet, as well as traditional and electronic media;

- creation of a global information space that ensures: (a) effective information interaction between people, (b) their access to global information resources and (c) satisfaction of their needs for information products and services.

Main characteristics of the information society determined by the following criteria.

Technological: the key factor is information technology, which is widely used in production, institutions, the education system and in everyday life.

Social: information acts as an important stimulator of changes in the quality of life, “information consciousness” is formed and approved with wide access to information.

Economic:information is a key factor in the economy as a resource, service, commodity, source of added value and employment.

Political: freedom of information leading to a political process characterized by increasing participation and consensus among different classes and social strata of the population.

Cultural: recognition of the cultural value of information by promoting the establishment of information values ​​in the interests of the development of the individual and society as a whole.

In the activities of government authorities to develop and implement state policy in the field of development of the information society in Russia there are several stages .

The first (1991-1994) laid the foundations in the field of informatization.

The second stage (1994-1998) was characterized by a change in priorities from informatization to the development of information policy.

The third stage, which continues to this day, is the stage of policy formation in the field of building an information society. In 2002, the Government of the Russian Federation adopted the Federal Target Program " Electronic Russia 2002-2010,” which gave a powerful impetus to the development of the information society in Russian regions.

Each country decides independently what type of information society should be created. There are two possible polar types of information society: “digital dictatorship” or “digital democracy”.

"Digital dictatorship" created by the digital bureaucracy in order to simplify the management of the digital state. At the same time, the digital rights of digital citizens are not protected; the emphasis is on digital police measures of total digital control. Digital services are being imposed on the population, which are needed not by the population itself, but by the state (bureaucracy).

"Digital democracy" This is a completely different type of structure of the information society. “Digital democracy” is being built for the sake of citizens, for the protection of their digital civil rights. Creating a “digital democracy” is much more difficult than a “digital dictatorship.” Forecasts show that “digital democracy” should ensure confidentiality and anonymity of citizens’ personal information. It is possible to ensure the confidentiality and anonymity of personal information (personal data) of citizens only by means of cryptography, while the person himself (biometric image of a person) must become the personal key to manage his personal cryptography.

In order to ensure the confidentiality and anonymity of personal biometric data, Russia was the first developed country to begin creating a special package of national standards: GOST R 52633.0-2006 (put into effect); GOST R 52633.1-2009 (put into effect), GOST R 52633.2 (passed public discussion); GOST R 52633.3 (developed, preparing for public discussion); GOST R 52633.4 (developed, preparing for public discussion); GOST R 52633.5 (developed, preparing for public discussion).

Since other countries do not yet have national standards for converting a person’s biometrics into his personal cryptographic key, presumably the standards of the GOST R 52633.xx package will be used in the future as the basis for corresponding international standards. In this regard, it is interesting to note that the existing international biometric standards were originally created as US national standards. All US biometric standards are focused on police biometric passport control of foreign citizens.

A clear international division of labor has emerged: Russia is creating biometric standards for “digital democracy,” and the United States is actively creating a branch of biometric standards for “digital dictatorship.” The digital state needs both branches of biometric standards, but it is important that these branches are balanced with each other. The branch of Russian standards of the GOST R 52633.xx package should level out the existing imbalance. This is precisely the role of Russia.

3.2. Directions for the development and implementation of state policy in the information sphere

State information policy (GIP) is the ability and possibility of political subjects to influence the consciousness, psyche of people, their behavior and activities with the help of information in the interests of the state and civil society. In more in a broad sense- this is a special sphere of people’s life... associated with the reproduction and dissemination of information that satisfies the interests of the state and civil society, and aimed at ensuring a creative, constructive dialogue between them and their representatives.

For Russia, implementing a competent state information policy means:

- development of civil society;

- ensuring a constructive dialogue between the state and the media and the authorities and society;

- recognition of the presumption of openness of information for citizens and protection of their information rights;

- the orientation of the main components of the information space to ensure the free circulation of information, the implementation of the constitutional right to free search, receipt, production of information and its dissemination;

- increasing public confidence in government;

- establishing effective relations between Russia and other countries, etc.

Also, the GIP should be aimed at implementing national interests Russia in the information sphere:

- compliance with constitutional rights and freedoms in the field of receiving and using information, preserving and strengthening the spiritual and moral values ​​of society, the cultural and scientific potential of the country;

- information support for the state policy of the Russian Federation, related to communicating to the Russian and international public reliable information about the state policy of the Russian Federation, its official position on political and socially significant events in Russian and international life, and ensuring citizens’ access to open state information resources;

- development of modern information technologies, the domestic information industry, including the industry of information technology, telecommunications and communications, meeting the needs of the domestic market with its products and the entry of these products into the world market, as well as ensuring the accumulation, preservation and effective use of domestic information resources;

- protecting information resources from unauthorized access, ensuring the security of information and telecommunication systems, both already deployed and those being created in Russia.

The concept of state information policy defines item of his research: state information policy is a set of goals reflecting Russia’s national interests in the information sphere, strategic directions for achieving them (tasks) and a system of measures that implement them.

Long-term strategic purpose The GIP proclaims the construction of a democratic information society and the country's entry into the global information community. It will be effective if it is based on: systematicity and openness. One of the main goals of the GIP is to harmonize the interests of citizens, society and the state, and to establish dialogue between them.

In the Concept of State Information Policy, its main tasks formulated as follows:

- modernization of information and telecommunications infrastructure;

- development of information and telecommunication technologies;

- effective formation and use of national information resources (IR), ensuring wide, free access to them;

- providing citizens with public meaningful information and development of independent media;

- preparing a person for life and work in the coming information age;

- creation of the necessary regulatory legal framework for building an information society.

The concept of state information policy covers almost all the most significant provisions and principles , forming the basis of the GUI:

Principle policy openness– all major information policy activities are openly discussed by society and the state takes public opinion into account.

Principle equality of interests– the policy equally takes into account the interests of all participants in information activities, regardless of their position in society, form of ownership and state affiliation (the “rules of the game” are the same for all).

Principle systematic– when implementing decisions made to change the state of one of the objects of regulation, its consequences for the state of others and all of them together must be taken into account.

Principle priority of domestic producers– under equal conditions, priority is given to a competitive domestic manufacturer of information and communication tools, products and services.

Principle social orientation– the main activities of the GIP should be aimed at ensuring the social interests of Russian citizens.

Principle state support– information policy activities aimed at information development of the social sphere are financed primarily by the state.

Principle priority of law– the development and application of legal and economic methods has priority over any form of administrative solutions to problems in the information sphere.

The Russian Federation has accumulated well-known experience in developing state policy in the field of development of the information sphere. Let's highlight main directions of development and implementation GUI:

1) Scientific research and understanding the patterns of development of social relations in the information sphere and posing the problem;

2) determination of doctrinal and conceptual guidelines and their normative consolidation (such documents include the Concept of National Security of the Russian Federation and the Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation, the Concept of the Formation and Development of a Single Information Space of Russia and Corresponding State Information Resources (1995), the Okinawa Charter of Global Information society (2000);

3) specification of tasks for public authorities when determining the main directions of domestic and foreign policy (in the annual Messages of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly since 1994);

4) development and adoption of concepts for the development of legislation in the information sphere and its individual areas (the State Duma Committee on Information Policy and the Permanent Chamber on State Information Policy of the Political Advisory Council under the President of the Russian Federation approved the Concept of State Information Policy (1998), and the State Duma Committee on security - the Concept for the development of legislation in the field of ensuring information security of the Russian Federation (1998), taking into account which the Security Council of the Russian Federation prepared the Concept for improving the legal support of information security of the Russian Federation (2001), the Ministry of Communications and Informatization of the Russian Federation prepared a draft Concept for the development of legislation of the Russian Federation Federation in the field of information and informatization);

5) development and adoption of laws as the legal basis for regulating relations in the information sphere (in the 1990s, a large body of legislation was formed in the Russian Federation in the field of regulating information relations - more than 120 laws at the federal level and more than 100 laws of the constituent entities of the Federation. The Constitution of the Russian Federation, all 18 codes of the Russian Federation, to a greater or lesser extent, relate to the implementation of information rights and freedoms, the formation and involvement of information resources in economic circulation and the system of state and municipal government;

6) preparation and adoption of subordinate regulatory legal acts (regulation of the activities of state bodies and specialized organizations in the field of information activities, registration of certain areas of state policy is carried out through acts of the President of the Russian Federation, the Government of the Russian Federation, regulatory legal acts of ministries and departments whose competence includes problems of information and informatization. For example, in 1993-1999, more than ten special acts were issued on the problem of legal informatization in the Russian Federation, as a result of the implementation of which many issues of the organization were resolved legal information and its distribution through specialized systems “ConsultantPlus”, “Kodeks”, “Garant”, “System”, etc. Such an example on issues of streamlining legal information is Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of August 10, 2000 No. 1486 “On additional measures to ensure unity legal space of the Russian Federation", which provides for the creation of a federal bank of normative legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation - a federal register of normative legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the maintenance of which is entrusted to the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation;

7) preparation and implementation of federal target programs that specify the participation of public authorities in the formation and implementation of public policy in accordance with their competence (an example here is the Federal Target Program “Electronic Russia (2002-2010)”).

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